Today we can always see a word called "Chinese characteristics", which is the conclusion reached by countless revolutionary predecessors with repeated practice, which makes us know that no country in the world is exactly like us, and if we want to develop a country, we must focus on the current situation of the country, rather than rigidly applying the "successful experience" of other countries or only focusing on theory.
During the Long March of the Red Army, the Zunyi Conference appeared to solve such problems; at that time Chairman Mao did not have a great deal of practical power in his hands, and the situation of the Party was not optimistic under the erroneous command of a group of "dogmatic" leaders, but the Chairman alone certainly could not save the Party and save the country under such circumstances.
Fortunately, there are still a lot of good comrades and good friends around the chairman, who use their own abilities to support the chairman, Wang Jiaxiang is one of them, what kind of story does he have? What about the end of his later years?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > teenagers eager to learn</h1>
Wang Jiaxiang's real name is not the two words Jiaxiang, but Jiaxiang, and some people say that it is Jia xiang, but the specific one is probably impossible to verify.
He was born in 1906, is a native of Hou'an Village, Taohuatan Town, Jing County, Anhui Province, from 1913, Wang Jiaxiang began his own enlightenment course, in the time of studying in Hou'an Village Primary School, he showed wisdom beyond ordinary people early in his childhood, among the students, he was always among the best and was deeply loved by teachers.
In 1922, the 16-year-old Wang Jiaxiang continued to study at the Leyu School in Nanling, Anhui, and two years later transferred to the Shengjiage Middle School in Wuhu, Anhui Province, which can be said that in his youth, learning occupied most of the time, and these will also be repaid in his future life in ways he did not expect.
Wang Jiaxiang
In 1925, anti-imperialist patriotic activities were enthusiastic throughout the country, and as an intellectual, Wang Jiaxiang was deeply aware of the importance of these activities to the country, so he and his classmates participated in these patriotic activities and contributed their part to saving the survival of the people.
In September of that year, Wang Jiaxiang joined the Communist Youth League in Shanghai, and in the winter of that year, he embarked on a journey to Moscow with many people, and they went with hope to the Soviet Union, which had advanced Marxist-Leninist experience, where the Moscow Sun Yat-sen University opened its arms to them.
Wang Jiaxiang was very proficient in both English and Russian, so he was very handy in studying there, and he grew a lot in the five years of study in the Soviet Union. In addition to these changes in knowledge and thinking, Wang Jiaxiang also met a group of young people like him, who came here with the task of saving their motherland, including the later Wang Ming.
In the summer of 1929, a "Ten-Day Congress" was held at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow, and some of the people in this meeting were later called "Twenty-Eight and a Half Bolsheviks", referring to their self-proclaimed staunch supporters of the Communist International, and Wang Jiaxiang and Wang Ming were among these "twenty-eight and a half Bolsheviks", which was enough to show that their position was on the side of the Soviet Communist International at that time.
In 1930, Wang Jiaxiang returned to China, at this time he found that the situation in China was very different from that abroad, and if he only mechanically copied the Bolshevik set of theories or only respected books, he would inevitably suffer a big loss, so his ideological concepts were also changing little by little, becoming more like the thinking of a revolutionary who was willing to proceed from reality and speak with practice.
The first meeting between Wang Jiaxiang and Chairman Mao gave Wang Jiaxiang an understanding of the domestic situation at that time.
In Longgang in 1931, the first battle against "encirclement and suppression" ended with the victory of our army, and the smoke of gunfire had not yet dissipated much.
At this time, Wang Jiaxiang had just returned from the Soviet Union, and although he had already discovered the gap between practice and theory before, he saw this difference more clearly in this battle, so he was eager to put his ideas into practice, and he had a rather in-depth conversation with Chairman Mao, who was also very appreciative of wang Jiaxiang, who was full of books, and wrote a couplet to give to Wang Jiaxiang.
In the time that followed, Wang Jiaxiang held many important positions in the central government, and this was mainly based on exchanges with the Soviet Union, which also made him see the gap between the two sides more clearly, and he also understood more about what kind of communism was more suitable for China at that time.
But he suffered from not having the time and opportunity to take real and practical action on this matter until the Zunyi Conference was convened.
Wang Ming
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" > Zunyi meeting</h1>
Wang Jiaxiang also returned to China with Wang Ming, Qin Bangxian, and their entourage; after they returned to China, they saw and did something different from Wang Jiaxiang; they continued to carry out the revolution in their own right under the banner of the so-called "opposition to the establishment of the three lines." They carried out the revolution in their own right, without the slightest consideration of the situation in our country, but blindly considered the opinions of the Soviet side and the theoretical knowledge in the books.
At the Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee in 1931, Wang Ming also stripped the leadership of the Central Committee, began to engage in "dogmatism" in the Party, blindly pandered to the Soviet Union, and drew a very harmful leftist road for the Party's planning.
In the Fifth Anti-"Encirclement and Suppression" campaign of the Red Army, Qin Bangxian, as the central leader, did not do a good job in this position, but because of his excessive reliance on his adviser Li De, his army suffered a crushing defeat, and the lives of tens of thousands of people disappeared in the blink of an eye. This result made cadres and soldiers at all levels voice dissatisfied, so after the army occupied Zunyi, an enlarged meeting of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee was held.
Qin Bangxian (Bogu)
Many people attended this meeting, and many important leaders of our Party attended this meeting. At the beginning of the meeting, Qin Bangxian took the lead in making a report. In his account, there is an inevitable causal relationship between the great failure of this anti-encirclement and suppression campaign and the strength of the enemy, and there is no mention of the command mistakes of the leaders, including himself.
Then Zhou Enlai also made a report, but as one of the leaders, he squarely faced the problem, took the command mistake as the first problem, deeply examined himself, and also criticized Qin Bangxian and the foreign adviser Li De. Subsequently, everyone gradually realized that the root of the problem was the wrong leadership of Qin Bangxian and others, but for the change of leaders, these people were surprisingly tacit, and none of them mentioned it.
Finally, like Qin Bangxian and others, Wang Jiaxiang, who returned from studying in the Soviet Union, took the lead in proposing a change of leadership and firmly sided with Chairman Mao; many people saw this and began to echo it, and finally the meeting ended, relieved Qin Bangxian and others of their command, and co-opted Chairman Mao as a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.
This also selected a suitable leader for the development of our Party, established the correct leadership represented by Mao Zedong, and was also the first time that the CPC independently used Marxism-Leninism to solve our problems, which made our Party take an important step.
Wang Jiaxiang's merits in this meeting are obvious to all, and the chairman has also said: "Wang Jiaxiang is a person with merit, he is the first in dogmatism to stand up and support me."
Chairman Mao also said: "The Zunyi meeting could not do without Wang Jiaxiang, and Wang Jiaxiang cast a crucial vote at the Zunyi meeting." ”
All this can prove the changes made by Wang Jiaxiang and the merits of our party, so what was the scene in the later years of this revolutionary predecessor?
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="22" > a double collapse of body and mind</h1>
Although Wang Jiaxiang made important contributions at the Zunyi conference, his subsequent life also had many unsmooths.
At the "Seventh Congress" held in 1945, Wang Jiaxiang fell from the position of member of the Politburo of the CENTRAL Committee, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, and director of the General Political Department, and even his name was not included in the list of members of the Central Committee.
This situation was obviously abnormal, and Chairman Mao also noticed this, and after careful consideration, Chairman Mao, on the eve of the opening of the congress, justified Wang Jiaxiang' name, not only stated his previous mistakes, but also acknowledged his merits, and encouraged everyone to elect him as a candidate for the central committee.
Although the storm is over, it seems that from some angles, his later life was not so smooth.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, our party began to devote itself to the development of the country, and Wang Jiaxiang continued to struggle in his post, successively serving as a member of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, the director of the Urban Work Department, the acting director of the Propaganda Department, the ambassador to the Soviet Union, and the vice minister of foreign affairs. In terms of diplomacy, he has been able to always consider China's interests while taking into account international issues, and has made significant contributions to the development of China's diplomatic cause.
However, Wang Jiaxiang's health is not good, these are the problems that fell in the battle, in 1933, Wang Jiaxiang was unfortunately shot in an air raid, broken shrapnel penetrated his body, and he had to operate immediately, but at this time the anesthetic was gone, and in desperation, Wang Jiaxiang chose to undergo surgery without anesthesia.
The whole operation lasted eight hours, and he endured unimaginable pain for ordinary people to complete the operation, but from then on, his health has not been good, and in his later revolutionary career, because of this injury, he often needed to leave the battlefield for recuperation.
In the storm that began in 1966, Wang Jiaxiang also became the target of many people's arrows because of his previous mistakes, various voices flowed around him, and some of his relatives died because they could not bear such a life, although Wang Jiaxiang returned to his post after experiencing devolution, review and other events, his heart has been hurt by these voices.
On January 25, 1974, Wang Jiaxiang died in Beijing for various reasons, including physical and psychological reasons.
Looking back on Wang Jiaxiang's life, he took the wrong path, but fortunately he knew how to return when he got lost, and it was also fortunate that he knew Chairman Mao and other revolutionaries with ideals and knowledge, and he saw in them what the Chinese revolution needed.
Although Wang Jiaxiang's later life was plagued by diseases and criticized, he still had a heart that wanted to continue to shine for the country, and although his life came to an end at the age of 68, his spirit and his contribution to China would not be dissipated by a symbol.
Even today, we can still feel the power of his story, which is one of the most precious treasures left to us by the older generation of revolutionaries.