In 1922, when Pan Jingshu was thirty years old, her father Pan Zunian presented his birthday with the Southern Song Dynasty Jingding Period engraving "Plum Blossom Joy God Spectrum" compiled by Song Boren. Because that year coincided with the "Plum Blossom Joy Divine Genealogy" engraved by the Southern Song Dynasty Jing Emperor, Pan Jingshu and Wu Hufan were overjoyed, that is, they named their apartments "Meijing Bookstore".
In the "Meijing Bookhouse Map" (now in the Shanghai Museum) cooperated by the two under the name of "Meijing Bookstore", several thatched huts are hidden in mountain streams and white plums, and a literati and a woman in red sit opposite each other in the room, like a beautiful portrayal of Wu Hufan and Pan Jingshu.
As the famous DanQing couple in the modern art world, Wu Hufan and Pan Jingshu are not only affectionate life partners in life, but also partners and close friends in art. In addition to co-creation, Wu Hufan Pan Jingshu and his wife often collaborate to copy the best works in the history of art.
Among many art historians, Wu Hufan most admires Yun Shouping. Wu Hufan has handled many works of Yun Shouping in the history of appraisal, and there are already public opinions in the academic circles. According to incomplete statistics, there are roughly more than 20 pieces of Yun's calligraphy and paintings that have been collected, inscribed and evaluated, and most of them have inscriptions, and they are recorded in diaries and essays.
This autumn, a fine piece of Yun Shouping's 1684 Landscape and Flower Album will appear at the China Guardian auction. Behind this album is exactly an inscription by Wu Hufan: Yi Hai (1935) borrowed a view from Mr. Tao An to Meijing Bookstore in autumn, and Wu Hufan Pan Jingshu came to a book and was blessed.
Yun Shouping (1633-1690)
Landscape flower book
Album (10 open) Ink, colored on paper
Written by Koshi (1684)
Size: 23.50×36.50cm (each)
Inscription: (1) A thousand trees of red light a fishing wire, lonely yin only biyun knows. But he laughed at the non-Bear Creek Shangsuo, and the white head was like an imperial master. Quasi-Zhao Boju Flower Creek fishing boat.
(2) Linchi fish algae. Pro Liu Yu Ben.
(3) Delicate spring and double beauty. Amaranth Museum System.
(4) The square pot is sprinkled with intent, rotten and innocent, stripped of the machi, beyond the image, and the dragon of the painter is also a change. Nantianke.
(5) Blow off qiong zhen throat phoenix dust, powder marks dark mirror spring. Low-hanging green sleeves red makeup side, dancing tired dragon silk a beauty. Shouping.
(6) Nephrite jade fell before the wind, and the long strip was powerless to tie the residual spring. The brocade machine is not a melancholy weaving, empty convection Huang Yi beauty. Shouping.
(7) If you listen to it after the rain on an empty mountain, the wind blows down half a curtain of green. Wait for him to be three feet of liang garden snow, transformed into Yaotian white phoenix plume. Lin'ou Bo old man Lang Yue spring color.
(8) Linxu Chongsi Spring Wind Map. Nantian.
(ix) The black magpie will perch, and the smoke of the stream will go up. Where the sound of autumn rises, the wind is on the highest branches. Olive Cao Yun West Wind Forest Evening Crow. Shouping.
(10) Ten kinds of Koshi Spring March Nantian Shouping Quasi-Ancient.
Seals: Nantian Caoyi (second time), Shouping (three times), Shuzi (second time), Shou Ping, Zheng Shu (second time), Shou Ping, Nan Tian Xiao Yin, Yun Zheng Shu (second time), Shou Ping No Yin, Yun Shou Ping
Jianzang Seal: The Collection of Song Ge (Ten Times), Tao An Jing Eye Golden Stone Calligraphy and Painting, Love Painting into the Bone Marrow, Tao An Heart Appreciation
Wu Hufan title back page: Yi Hai (1935) autumn day, borrowed from Mr. Tao An to meijing bookstore. Wu Hufan Pan Jingshu came together with a book and was blessed with eyes. Seal: Wu Hufan, Jing Shu Calligraphy and Painting, Meijing Bookstore
Chu Deyi inscription: Yun Nantian landscape flower divine product. Tao An Treasure Secret. Xin Wei (1941) summer, pine window. Plutonium Seal: Chu De Yi Seal
Published: 1. "The Orthodox School of Painting in the Early Qing Dynasty", Figure 126, Figure 127, Art Book Company, 1985.
2. "Yun Nantian Painting Style", Figure 71, Figure 72, Chongqing Publishing House, 1995.
3. "The Art of Watermarking on The Woodblock of Duoyunxuan", Figure 195, Shanghai Calligraphy and Painting Publishing House, 1997.
4. "Catalogue of Ancient Calligraphy and Paintings" (III), pp. 214-234, Great Wall Publishing House, 2003.
5. "Yunnantian Landscape and Flower Divine Products", Xiling Printing Press, 2008.
6. "Chinese Flower and Bird Painting Tongjian and Sketching Authentic", pp. 46-49, Shanghai Calligraphy and Painting Publishing House, 2008.
But the next year, Wu Hufan bought a "Yun Shouping Flower Album" (now in the Shanghai Museum). According to the inscription of Wu Hufan, in order to make a wish, Wu Hufan considered one night and decided to sell a book of Wen Zhengming and wen family calligraphy and paintings at home, and only then did he gather the money to buy this flower book back.
Comparing these two albums, it not only restores the legendary story of Wu Hufan's pursuit of Yun Shouping in the early years of the Republic of China, but also supplements the research literature for the collection of Yun's works; more importantly, this circulatable "Landscape and Flower Album" as the most refined work of Yun Shouping landscape and flower combination, or will continue to write a collection of good stories.
Wu Hufan praised Yun Shouping as "the first of the millennium"
Hearts and minds chase good stories
Yun Shouping, a famous calligrapher and painter in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the founder of the Changzhou School of Painting, his flowers and birds inherited from Xu Chongsi of the Northern Song Dynasty, pushing the boneless technique to a new height. Hu Jing, the editor of the "Three Compilations of Shiqu Baodi", commented on Yun Shouping in his book "Catalogue of Paintings of the Guo dynasty": "The flowers of the national dynasty should be Yun Shouping as the first. ”
In 1938, Wu Hufan received a "Yun Shouping Flower Album" (now in the Shanghai Museum), was overjoyed, and gladly wrote: "Yu loves Nantian Weng flowers the most, and gai his talent and abundance are unprecedented, although Xu and Huang may not be able to pass, and then such as Nansha and Silla can not jump out of their cages." ”
Commenting on Yun Shouping as "unprecedented", how much does Wu Hufan really like this "first person in the history of Chinese flowers and birds"?
According to the research of Huang Peng, a researcher at the Jiangsu Provincial Academy of Chinese Painting, Wu Hufan's later collection of Yun Shouping Flower Album was painted in Kangxi Yi ugly (1685), that is, the second year of Yun Shouping's painting "Landscape and Flower Album". He loved the album so much that he framed each page with inscriptions that covered all aspects of the appreciation of paintings and calligraphy.
Right: The "Shouping" seal on the Lamei diagram of The Book of Landscapes and Flowers of The Chinese Guardian Yun Shouping
Left: The "Shouping" seal on Wu Hufan's old collection of flowers
Huang Peng pointed out that in the inscription of the moon season flower, Wu Hufan wrote: "After the ugly, this 'Shouping' Zhu Wenyin 'Ping' under the straight bend has been broken, as before the nails, the 'Ping' is still complete. This is an inquiry into the degree of wear and tear commonly used by the author, which will play an important role in the authenticity identification and staging of Yun Shouping's paintings.
He continued in the inscription: "This autumn, when he saw this book coming from his hometown, he was fascinated, Gu Suo was valued, hesitated for a day and night, but he took the old Tibetan Ming and Qing Wenshi calligraphy and paintings in one volume, and restored the huge gold to become a wish." ”
Wu Hufan was awarded the eight-opening inscription in the "Yun Shouping Flower Album" in the year of Peng Yin (1938), which is now in the Shanghai Museum
It can be seen that in order to collect a piece of yun painting that he likes, Wu Hufan did not hesitate to sell the calligraphy and paintings of Wen Zhengming and the Wen family, and then increased the capital to buy. At the end, he made no secret of his love for Yun Shouping, "... The white peony of the crown book is a frame, especially see Qinghua Langrun, gelling bright moon, light shooting ten steps also, is a divine product, who knows that it is not appropriate? Peng Yin (1938) Winter, Wu Hu Fan Zhi, Pan JingShu Treasure. ”
Wu Hufan, who grew up in the Base Camp of Southern Painting, in addition to learning from Dai Xi, also regained the Fa Orthodox School and Dong Qichang, including Wen Zhengming and Tang Liuru, during which time they also began to contact Yun Shouping. Yun Shouping is obviously a painter who greatly captivated Wu Hufan in his youth, and Wu's treatment of Nantian can be said to be almost every time he sees it.
Among the many Danqing, Pan Jingshu especially likes all kinds of flowers and plants, and her paintings are ancient and elegant, neat and beautiful, quite Song and Yuan atmosphere.
China Jiade Autumn Auction will soon appear Yun Shouping's "Landscape and Flower Album", including five flowers, five open landscapes, each page has a self-titled poem or picture name, poetry and calligraphy "three absolute" are complete, is the most exquisite work of Yun Shouping landscape, flowers and flowers, but also can be called the "boneless god" of Chinese art history.
The five-blossomed flowers include peony, peach blossom, butterfly flower, hydrangea, lamei and other four-hour flowers, and the boneless sketch has reached the fire of pure blue; the five-open landscape includes "Mock Zhao Boju Huaxi Fishing Boat Map", "Imitation Fang CongyiYun Mountain Map", "Amelia Map of the West Wind Forest of Aon Cao Yun", "Fish Algae Map of Linliu Lilin Pond", "Linzhao Mengfu Spring Color Map" and so on.
In addition to the inscription "Borrowing" of Wu Hufan on the last page, there is also a collection of seals "Collected by Song Ge" and "Tao An Jing Eye Golden Stone Calligraphy and Painting", "Tao An" is Xu Junqing, a great collector in Shanghai during the Republic of China, pang Laichen's palm-eyed man, he is friendly with Pang Xuzhai and Wu Hufan, and most of the paintings that Pang Xuzhai has participated in many art exhibitions have been handled by Xu Junqing.
Xu's collection of ancient paintings is quite eye-catching, and according to the "Diary of Wu Hufan", he has the most exquisite works of Wang Fu, Ni Yuanlu, Yun Shouping, Wang Fei and others.
Judging from the comparison between the original Yun Shouping's "Landscape and Flower Album" and the Linben Wuhu Fan Pan Jingshu's "Linnantian Landscape and Flowers", the picture objects, layout, pen and ink are almost exactly the same, but the Linben is more innovative; the inscribed poems, poems and models are also exactly the same, but the calligraphy has different personal styles.
Yun Shouping's "Landscape and Flower Album" Album (10 open) Ink and coloring on paper (partial)
Wu Hufan, Pan Jingshu, "Linnantian Landscape flowers" (ten open) ink, coloring paper (partial)
There are 31 prints in total, such as Wuhu Fan Seal, Cai Xiang Chun Shan Wanshu Flower, Wu Pan Jingshu, Wu HuFan, Wu Hu Fan, Hu Fan Linben, Wu Hu Fan Seal, Mei Jing Book House, Lake Sail, Jing Shu Calligraphy and Painting, Pan Jing Shu, Wu Pan Jing Shu, Shuang Xiu Ge Nei Shi, Jing Shu Calligraphy and Painting, Pan Jing Shu, Wu Pan Jing Shu, Shuang Xiu Ge Nei Shi, Jing Shu Painting Record, Wu Hu Fan Pan Jing Shu Cooperation, etc., which shows its full favor.
Xiao Ping, a famous calligrapher and painter and connoisseur, believes that female painters generally like Qingya's works very much, and Qingya must have a high literary accomplishment in order to withdraw from the "vulgar" word, "so female painters learn Yun Shouping's road is particularly many, Wu Hufan and his wife copied this "Landscape and Flower Album", Wu Hufan copied the landscape, Pan Jingshu copied the flowers. Wu Hufan is a famous great painter, great appraiser and great collector at sea, and the works they themselves are sure to be first-class works. ”
The "Landscape and Flower Album" is a masterpiece of Yun's collection
Study a model of Qing Dynasty literati painting
Wu Hufan and Pan Jingshu favored Yun Shouping's "Landscape and Flower Album", not without reason.
The Landscape and Flower Album was created in 1684, the second year after Yun Shouping returned to his hometown of Changzhou. At that time, he built the "Ouxiangguan" on the south bank of baiyunxi ferry port and settled here, and sometimes traveled to Suzhou, Changshu, Yixing, Wuxi, Kunshan, Hangzhou and other places.
In the last six or seven years of his life, he devoted himself to painting and calligraphy. Xiao Ping said: "Yun Shouping is divided into two stages: early landscape painting and late flower and bird painting, this album is a very good period of his work, when he is older, there will be problems in painting this meticulous painting; when he is younger, he may have a slightly inferior cultivation foundation." ”
His landscape paintings were first studied by Huang Gongwang and Wang Meng in the Yuan Dynasty, and they were deeply cold and quiet, seeking "potential" in a big way, seeking "fun" in a small way, and sending them to be laid-back, dry and moist, light and strange, self-contained pattern, and where the "four kings" did not arrive.
Since the Qing Dynasty to modern times, the academic circles, led by Zheng Wuchang, Huang Binhong, and Fu Baoshi, have all made artistic assertions that yun shouping landscape is higher than the four kings landscape, and Wu Hufan evaluates him as the literati painter who is most in touch with the spirit of Ni Zhan since Dong Qichang.
The five open landscapes in this set of albums cover green landscapes and ink landscapes, and the landscapes are not only unique, but also have their own personality characteristics of delicate and clean, which can be seen that they are "out of their own minds", with a simple and fresh style, and become a family of their own.
Among them, Liu Yulin's "pond fish algae" practical flower method, swimming fish and algae are transported without bones, which is very similar to the "fish algae map" page in the fifty-five-year-old "Flower Atlas", but slightly detailed; the imitation of Fang Congyi's "Yunshan Map", ink moist, rounded and rounded, deeply won the length of Fang's painting method of Zong Mi fu and Dong Yuan; The "Wind Forest Late Crow Diagram" of Que Cao Zhibai, with sharp penmanship, clear ink color, strange tree posture, and quite the traditional pen and ink characteristics of Cao Chengli and Guo; Linzhao Mengfu's "Spring Color Map", dry ink of mountain stones and loose bamboo leaves It reflects the Yun clan's deep understanding of the key to Zhao's dead wood bamboo and stone method; the "Huaxi Fishing Boat Map" of Zhao Boju is different from the meaning of song and Yuan green landscape paintings, green mountains and mangroves, gorgeous and elegant.
The subtlety of this volume of landscape painting is the pursuit of landscape painting in his later years, and it is also the highest artistic standard.
Yun Shouping commented on himself in the sixth part of the "Ouxiangguan Collection of Supplementary Paintings", "In and out of the wind and rain, the curls are green, the creation is in the millimeter, you can laugh at the Honggu Valley, laugh at Fan Kuan, and drunkenly scold Ma Yuanren. ”
However, traditional literati paintings often emphasize shen yun and do not seek similarity, but Yun Shouping emphasizes that there is a similarity before it can be conveyed in sketching. On the fan page of Yun Shouping's "Pomegranate Diagram" in the Shanghai Museum, he inscribed: "The sketcher Shen Yun is the first, and the shape seems to be secondary." However, if it is lost, it is not necessary to ask about its charm. ”
He also once said: "Baiyang and Baoshan sketches are all wonderful, but giving is not." But it is said to be very similar to the flower. It can be seen that only by being extremely similar can we convey the gods for the flowers.
Yun Shouping inscription "Linxu Chongsi Spring Wind Map"
Huang Peng believes that this is a very important point of view of Yun Shouping, and it is also the reason why his paintings have superiority.
From this point of view, the "Landscape and Flower Album" can be described as a masterpiece of Yun Shouping' collection, and it is also an important model for studying yunshouping landscape painting and the path of Qing Dynasty literati painting.
Yun Shouping Museum-level heavy equipment
"One book equals two books"
This set of Yun Shouping's "Landscape and Flower Album" can be described as a well-deserved "boneless divine product" in the history of Chinese art, from the thickness and freshness of middle age to the elegance and elegance of the old age, and the boneless sketching flowers are more stewed and green, highlighting the characteristics of "clear as water, clean as frost". In the five-blossomed flowers, peach blossoms, plums, and butterfly flowers are purely boneless, and the colors render the contours and shades of the petals, and then outline the flower buds and flower holders; the peonies, moons, and hydrangeas are lightly outlined with very light color lines or ink lines, and then colored with fine blending; the flowers and leaves are also boneless, and the lines are hooked with veins.
And how exactly did the boneless method come into being? At that time, in the face of the decline of flower and bird painting, Yun Shouping began to transform. He claimed to emulate Xu Chongsi's "boneless method", mainly referring to the "boneless flower and bird method", but Xu Chongsi's boneless method works have not existed now, and Yun Shouping has probably never seen it, in fact, Yun Shouping's inheritance of the "boneless method" is "borrowing from the past to open the present".
Therefore, Yun Shouping, as the integrator of the "flower boneless method", has a pioneering significance, and has "the merit of rising and falling" for flower paintings in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, and is respected as "sketching decent school". The "Records of Paintings of the National Dynasty" is uploaded: "Recently, no matter whether it is the north and south of the river, the family of Nantian, the uncle of the household, has the purpose of the 'Changzhou faction'."
"The world thinks it is wonderful not to be similar", but Yun Shouping's flower and bird paintings are similar to each other, the painting style is fresh and elegant, and its boneless painting method is popular, with many followers, and the Changzhou school of painters recorded in the history of Chinese painting has reached as many as 100 people. On the basis of inheriting Xu Chongsi's boneless flower painting method, he also mixed the essence of The Huang Wei and Xu Chongsi families, attached importance to image sketching, and "conveyed the gods with flowers". "Dot the pollen pen and dot the grease, and after the dot, the dyeing pen is enough", integrating the essence of the brush and the freehand as one, not only the form of the brush stroke is realistic, but also the meaning of the freehand painting. Fang Xuan believes that this is a new style that "the predecessors did not pass on this method, but it was created exclusively", while Yun Shouping claimed to be "Xu Family Passing on the Law".
The color is very light and elegant, the next pen is very simple and delicate, the pen, ink, and color are integrated, and the natural and outstanding posture of the flowers is deeply transmitted, and its outstanding innovative achievements are just like the comments of the zhiyou Wang Shigu in the inscription of Yun Shouping's "National Xiang Chun Ji Tu Axis": "The Northern Song Dynasty Xu Chongsi created boneless flowers, the monks of the Yuanzong Sect, the magic of Fu Dyeing, the work of outlining a yellow raft, the cover does not use ink pens, dyes in color, yin and yang to the back, bends to its fullest, beyond the law, in harmony with nature, the ultimate of sketching." Nan Tian Zi proposed a god, who could really obtain the meaning of creation, and there was no enemy in the recent world. Xiao Ping believes that Yun Shouping borrowed the ancient and opened the present, in fact, he borrowed Xu Chongsi's name to implement his self-research and creation, "Yun Shouping is elegant, elegant, elegant, and elegant, taking advantage of the word 'Ya', completely using boneless techniques, and it is very difficult to paint so beautifully and elegantly." He painted vulgar things so elegantly that he was creative. This album has both landscape and boneless flower masterpieces, and in terms of the value of the collection, one book is equal to two. After the Qing Dynasty, Yun Shouping was widely respected and revered as a master of flower and bird painting in recent antiquity. Ren Bonian, Qi Baishi, Wu Changshuo and other famous artists have studied his works, and from the Hai School to the Lingnan School of Painting are deeply influenced by him. The 300 years of flower and bird paintings in the early Qing Dynasty have shown a rich and diverse appearance under the influence of Yun Shouping's boneless technique.
Compared with the two works of Yun Shouping treasured by the Palace Museum in Beijing, the "Atlas of Landscapes, Flowers and Birds" made at the age of 43 in 1675 and the "Flower Atlas" made at the age of 55 in 1687, the former is finer with a pen, the color is more vivid, which is a typical middle-aged style; the latter has a concise change of penmanship, and the color is also light and elegant, showing the appearance of the old age. The "Landscape and Flower Album" filmed this time is very close to the latter, especially the lamei painting method is extremely consistent, and the degree of rarity is extremely rare.
Tang Zheming, a well-known art historian, believes that "even if this work is placed in a museum, it is a heavy weapon." In particular, the artistic level of the five-opened flowers is second to none; one of them, the peony, has been selected as the cover by the Shanghai Calligraphy and Painting Publishing House's "General Guide to Flower and Bird Painting". The Nanjing Museum has a number of fine works of Yun Shouping, and Wan Xinhua, director of the Institute of Display Art, after seeing this work, believes: "This work can be compared with the collections of the Palace Museum and the Nanjing Museum, and it is a museum-level work." ”
Wu Hufan Pan Jingshu's "Landscape Flower Album" copied by Wu Hufan and Pan Jingshu was made a stunning appearance in the 2003 Jiade Spring Auction, and this Yun Shouping "Landscape Flower Album" was sold for 8.06 million yuan in 2007, and originally reappeared 14 years later, or will continue to write a new collection story.