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Huang Kan's Diary of Measuring Shoulu (Beijing Evening News)
Recently, in the TV series "The Age of Awakening", which has been repeatedly broadcast on various channels, Huang Kan's figure has appeared, but now people are very strange to him. However, a hundred years ago, Huang Kan was famous for a while, he was a professor at Peking University, Beijing Normal University, Central University, Jinling University and other schools, good at phonological training, and also general literary history, he was also a calligrapher and poet, authored "Wenxin Carved Dragon Notes", "Sound Rhyme Slightly Speaking", "Sound Rhyme General Case", "Collection Rhyme Sound Class Table", "Saying Literature Slightly Speaking", etc., and there are also poetry collections in existence.
Huang Kanzi Ji Gang, born in 1886, Hubei Puchun people, inherited the family school since childhood, his father Huang Yunhu is a well-known scribe, the godson is extremely strict.
It is said that Huang Kan was five years old and could memorize the "Records of History" and "Book of Han", at the age of seven he could write poetry, at the age of nine he could read the Scriptures, and at the age of fifteen he was a middle school talent, and after abolishing the imperial examination, he was admitted to the Wuchang Wen Ordinary Middle School, and his classmates included Song Jiaoren and Dong Biwu.
At the age of nineteen, Huang Kan was expelled from the school for propagating anti-Qing ideas in the middle school, and was funded by his father Huang Yunhu's former friend Zhang Zhidong to help Huang Kan study in Japan; Zhang Zhidong did not forget his old friends, which became a great opportunity for Huang Kan to study abroad.
However, Huang Kanliu later joined the League and became a revolutionary volunteer, which Zhang Zhidong did not expect.
In 1910, Huang Kan returned to China, and later served as a teacher at Henan Yuhe Middle School, and was dismissed from the school the following year for propagating the revolution, and he wrote "The Great Troublemaker, The Magic Medicine to Save China" on the way back to his hometown, which was called "The Prelude to the Wuchang Uprising".
Huang Kan was fond of the study of phonology and exegesis all his life, and he first worshiped the master of traditional Chinese studies, Zhang Taiyan, who was very appreciative of his talent, and carefully taught it to him, sparing no effort. Later, Huang Kan also studied under Liu Shipei, who was proficient in the study of phonology and rhyme.
It is said that the reason why Huang Kan worshipped Zhang Taiyan as a teacher when he studied in Japan was because of Zhang Taiyan's words: "Contemporary literati can be worth a hundred times if they take me as a teacher." After Huang Kan listened, he immediately performed worship.
When Liu Shipei was teaching at Peking University, he was a colleague with Huang Kan, and Huang Kan was two years old, and the two got along harmoniously and friendlyly. In November 1919, Liu Shipei was critically ill, and the urgent people called Huang Kan to his residence, handed over all the writings he had copied by hand, and instructed him to pass on the afterlife, and Huang Kan immediately gave him a prayer...
Huang Kan in the TV series "The Age of Awakening" (film and television materials of "The Age of Awakening")
Interestingly, Zhang, Liu, and Huang were all called "crazy people."
When Zhang Taiyan hosted the "Minbao" in Japan, he was dismissed by Huang Xing as a "madman" because of his disagreement with Sun Yat-sen; Liu Shipei had been disheveled and disheveled for many years, and at first glance looked like a "madman"; the reason why Huang Kan was called a "madman" was because of his unusual quirks - Huang Kan's father, Huang Yunhu, died early, and he had always been dependent on his mother for his life, and every time he went out, he would take his old mother with him. When he goes out, he will definitely carry the shou material inscribed by Huang Yunhu himself, which is naturally also the shou material of his old mother who is still in his old age. Huang Kan's filial piety has become the talk of the world, so he has also been named "crazy".
After the death of the old mother, Huang Kan asked Su Manshu to paint a "Dream Gurudwara Grave Map" to send mourning. After Su Manshu, who was known as a "strange man" and a "crazy monk" and was known for "laughing and crying for no reason", finished painting the "Dream Gurudwara Grave Map", Huang Kan personally wrote a note and asked Zhang Taiyan to write an inscription for it. At this point, the paper is full of mingshi pen and ink, which can be called a pearl and sincere.
Huang Kan's behavior is indeed strange, for example, when he was teaching at Central University, he was known as the "three noes" - but when he encountered illness, bad weather, and unhappiness, he did not come to class. The first two reasons were still reasons for not coming to class, and the third reason was unbelievable, fortunately he was not happy for many times.
For example, when teaching at Peking University, the school stipulated that professors must wear the school emblem when entering and leaving the campus, but Huang Kan ignored this, and he often wore a half-new and half-old long shirt and wrapped a piece of cloth around a book. The school staff prevented him from entering, and the two quarreled, but fortunately the principal arrived in time, and Huang Kan was able to enter the school.
Mr. Feng Youlan also wrote about Huang Kan's strange behavior: "(Huang Kan) in Beijing, living in a house of Wu Chengshi, they were originally zhang Taiyan's students, were very good friends, and then somehow fell out, Wu Chengshi asked him to move, Huang Kan when moving, climbed to the beam and wrote a line of big characters: The world's first murderous house." "It's funny.
When Cai Yuanpei was in charge of Peking University, he advocated the spirit of "inclusiveness" and hired professors with different ideological views to attend classes. It is said that Gu Hongming and Huang Kan did not think much of Chen Duxiu, Chen Duxiu also regarded Gu Hongming as a different kind, and Chen Duxiu also had a fierce debate with Gu Hongming and Huang Kan at the professors' meeting.
June 15, 2021, Beijing, Capital Museum "Great Journey to Celebrate the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China Special Exhibition". The characters in the picture are Cai Yuanpei, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Hu Shi, Lu Xun, Qian Xuantong (Visual China)
Zhang Men's disciples at Peking University once wrote "Bai Liang Ti" poems as well-known professors in the school, of which Yong Huang Kan's sentence is "all the bullshit outside the eight books", because Huang Kan, as a disciple of Zhang Taiyan and Liu Shipei, only believed in the eight books of "Mao Shi", "Zuo Chuan", "Zhou Li", "Shuowen Jiezi", "Guang Yun", "Shi Ji", "Han Shu", and "Anthology of Literature"; Chen Duxiu took the dissemination of new culture as his mission, and naturally had a clear barrier with Huang Kan.
And when Huang Kan talks to people, whether he knows it or not, he is slightly uncomfortable and makes a big fuss, speaking bluntly, which is disappointing. Once Huang Kan and Qian Xuantong were chatting with Zhang Taiyan, Chen Duxiu suddenly came to visit, at that time Huang Kan did not know Chen Duxiu, so he hid next door with Qian Xuantong - this is an ancient relic, but Huang Kan and Qian Xuantong can hear the conversation between Zhang and Chen.
Zhang and Chen talked about the phonology of the Qing Dynasty, Duan Yujie, Dai Zhen, and Wang Niansun, and these three people Huang Kan were familiar with: Duan wrote the "Six Books of Phonology", divided into 17 ancient rhymes in six categories; Dai wrote "Sound Rhyme Examination" and "Sound Class Table", which was divided into 25 ancient rhymes in nine categories; and Wang Niansun divided into 21 ancient rhymes.
In fact, Chen Duxiu also studied phonology, and he proposed to establish a Sanskrit library with Zhang Taiyan and Su Manshu in 1910. If Zhang and Chen only talked about phonology, they would be at peace, and suddenly Chen Duxiu talked about Duan, Dai, Wang, and others from Anhui and Jiangsu, and those who had not come out of hubei, and Huang Kan, who was a Hubei native, heard this, and then he was indignant next door, and then loudly interjected: "Although there are no scholars in Hubei, but isn't this just a matter of (referring to himself)?" Although there are many scholars in Anhui, this is not necessarily the foot. ”
Because Chen Duxiu is from Anhui, Huang Kan said so. Zhang and Chen were stunned when they heard this, and then they dispersed in displeasure. However, Zhang Taiyan, out of his preference for Huang Kan, justified his character: "If the world forgets its beauty and only ropes Maggie, then the Si people may not be able to explain themselves." ”
Later, Huang Kan became a famous professor at Peking University, and Chen Duxiu was also introduced by Cai Yuanpei to Peking University as the dean of liberal arts, and vigorously advocated new literature in the university.
When Cai Yuanpei took Chen Duxiu to meet with the professors of liberal arts, Huang Kan was not only late, but also dismissively said: "A Tongcheng Xiucai in the district must also be so excited to move the people?" Then he whisked his sleeves away. In fact, Huang Kan not only ridiculed Chen Duxiu alone, but also repeatedly ridiculed and ridiculed Hu Shi, who advocated literary revolution, but Hu Shi did not argue with him.
Another time, Ma Yinchu asked Huang Kan for advice on "Explaining Words and Sayings", and he very unceremoniously shrugged back: "You still have to get the economy, 'primary school' is easy to talk about, and you don't understand it." Ma Yin originally had the intention of humbly asking for advice, but after this hesitation, he could only go silently. Huang Kan "fired the cannon in the rectum", although he said the big truth, he did not care about the faces of others.
Although Huang Kanren has a strange temper, he does not attack the students, and the students also admire him. When he lectured, he quoted scriptures and commentaries from the side, never read books and lecture notes, and after class, students consulted the classics cited in his class, and they were exactly the same, so he was praised by students as "special professor". He did not assign homework to students, did not score on exams, and the Academic Affairs Office was urgent, and he only handed in a note with the words "Eighty points per person." Despite this, Huang Kantao and Li are all over the world, and famous people include Lu Zongda, Fan Wenlan, Yang Bojun, Cheng Qianfan and so on.
Although Huang Kan is informal, he is never confused on major issues of right and wrong. Yuan Shikai, in preparation for the enthronement ceremony, created public opinion, and because he valued Huang Kan's fame, he instructed him to write a "letter of persuasion" and promised a heavy reward; Huang Kan sternly refused and wrote poems mockingly. As the "Six Gentlemen of Raising Security", Liu Shipei shouted for Yuan Shikai's ascension to the throne, summoning celebrities in the academic circles to encourage "support", Huang Kan immediately refused: "If so, please sir!" ”
As a member of the Old League and a pioneer of the Xinhai Revolution, Huang Kan's former friends of the League were mostly nobles, but he was ashamed and exchanged, and said: "How can I be a clinger!" Zhang Taiyan, who was also a veteran of the League, was placed under house arrest in Beijing's Qianliang Hutong for opposing Yuan Shikai's claim that the emperor was surrounded by police detectives, but Huang Kan was willing to risk staying with him for several months. In view of Huang Kan's social influence, the police did not dare to do harm, and eventually only expelled him from the Zhang Mansion. It seems that Huang Kan is not a winter baking scholar, and his love and hatred are extremely clear.
Huang Kan's calligraphy is very rooted, he is also good at filling in words, the style is deep and deep, may wish to transcribe a poem: "Ten thousand dances are drunk, and the drama is still awake." Surprised by the jade tree copper camel in the past, the sense of rise and fall will go to the new pavilion. The sun is about to fall for a long time, and the mountains outside the wasteland are greener. But self-injury to go to the country for many years, ambition is damaged, sideburns frost is easy to win. "This should have been written during Huang Kan's stay, and it is a lamentable read.
In April 1935, on the occasion of Huang Kan's fiftieth birthday, Zhang Taiyan made a special congratulatory message: "Wei Bian San knows his fate now, and Huang Silk first cut the book." This is Zhang Taiyan's response to Huang Kan's statement that "he is not more than fifty years old and does not write a book" and inspired him to work hard to write a book for posterity.
Unfortunately, on October 8, half a year later, Huang Kan and his disciple Xiangju drank heavily and died due to gastrointestinal bleeding, which really failed to live up to the full knowledge of "Qianjia's primary school masters", which is regrettable.
Author: Zhu Xiaoping
Article source: Beijing Evening News, September 18, 2021, original title "'Strange' Huang Kan"