In the history of China's revolution, many heroic figures have been left behind. They led the Chinese nation to fight unyieldingly in the smoke and chaos of war, and finally opened up a new road.
Among them, there is also an early leader of the CCP, whose experience is legendary.
This alumnus of Mao Zedong once spent countless revolutionary times with many people with lofty ideals, and even became Mao Zedong's superior four times;
His second wife was Deng Xiaoping's ex-wife, but after giving birth to a son, he left the Soviet Union and has been separated ever since;
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he made great decisions on the issue of ethnic minorities, and still put forward many constructive suggestions for China's development at the age of eighty.
Figure Mao Zedong and Li Weihan
Not only was his achievements so high, but his descendants, under his cultivation, also became high-level Chinese leaders with selfless dedication, and their sons even reached the rank of vice state.
Although his fame was far less than that of Zhou Enlai, Deng Xiaoping and others, throughout his life, he had always been close to Mao Zedong and others, and was revered and respected...
He is Li Weihan.
Figure Deng Xiaoping and Li Weihan
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="17" >, save the country and save the people, he aspires to the grandeur of the revolution</h1>
In 1896, Li Weihan was born in Changsha, Hunan. At that time, Li Weihan's father was making a living by teaching in a private school, so Li Weihan had the opportunity to contact a large number of books from an early age, and under the guidance of his father, he opened up reading.
Despite being a teacher, in that feudal era, the life of the Li Weihan family was still poor. Therefore, when Li Weihan was young, he personally experienced the difficult life of the people at the bottom of the feudal society.
He personally saw the oppression and exploitation of the poor people, and saw the bullying of our Sons and Daughters by foreign powers, and what he saw and heard gradually sprouted in Li Weihan's heart the grand ambition to "change the world."
Figure Young Li Weihan
For this goal, Li Weihan studied harder. In 1916, the 20-year-old Li Weihan was successfully admitted to the Hunan Public First Normal School with outstanding results, and the new school also opened a new door for Li Weihan, allowing him to have the opportunity to contact more new ideas of saving the country and saving the people.
In June 1918, Mao Zedong graduated from the First Normal School and began to organize the Xinmin Society in order to find more new revolutionary volunteers to save the country and strive to be strong, Li Weihan was attracted to him, and thus became acquainted with more progressive young people such as Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen and so on.
They meet regularly to exchange ideas, sum up experiences, and work hard to find a new path for China.
As the prototype of our Party's early revolution, the Xinmin Society trained a large number of true proletarian revolutionaries, many of whom eventually became the backbone figures of the Central Committee in the early stages of our Party, and Li Weihan was no exception -- it was also at this time that Li Weihan and Mao Zedong became close friends and began the long revolutionary years side by side.
In 1919, the May Fourth Movement broke out, and innovative ideas swept the country.
Under the influence of many spirits, a large number of students went abroad to study work-study in order to learn more advanced ideas in the West, and Li Weihan also rushed to France, and came into contact with more advanced Marx thought, and saw what is real communism.
During his years in France, Li Weihan met Zhao Shiyan, Zhou Enlai and others.
At that time, Zhou Enlai, the future Premier of China, was still a revolutionary youth with a flourishing style, and the two of them immediately hit it off and together organized the Young Chinese Communist Party in Europe and developed a revolutionary contingent for the CPC Central Committee overseas.
Because of his outstanding revolutionary performance at home and abroad, in 1922, Under the introduction of Mao Zedong and others, Li Weihan officially joined the Communist Party of China and became one of the earliest communist party members in China.
Figure Li Weihan (third row, fifth from right)
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="30" > second, officials to the top, he proposed to promote national autonomy</h1>
In France, Li Weihan was greatly influenced by Marxism. Therefore, after returning to China, he became more focused on the work of the Chinese revolution and soon began to emerge.
In 1923, Mao Zedong was transferred to the Central Committee, and Li Weihan was transferred to succeed the former Mao Zedong and began to serve as the secretary of the Xiang District Committee.
During his years in Hunan, Li Weihan actively developed party members, carried out party work, and publicized party policies.
Under his leadership, the achievements of the revolution in Hunan were "raised to a higher level", and there were all kinds of revolutionary movements everywhere.
In the summary of posterity, "In the four years that Li Weihan was in charge of Hunan, the organizational construction was the most complete and strict, and the number of party members was the largest and the quality was the best. ”
Unfortunately, in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek launched the "April 12 Coup", and the vigorous National Revolution was declared a failure.
In order to protect the organization, in July of the same year, the CPC Central Committee was reorganized, and Li Weihan, Together with Zhou Enlai, Zhang Guotao, Zhang Tailei and others, formed the Provisional Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee; in August, Li Weihan once again served as the chairman of the provisional meeting, which also made him Chairman Mao's "superior" for a time.
At that time, the people in the country were panicked, and many people were discouraged because of the white terror brought about by the reactionaries.
When Li Weihan presided over the work of the Central Committee, he devoted himself to carrying out anti-Japanese activities, organizing the rectification and redevelopment of the Party's organizations, and strengthening the Party's secret work.
He is like a "reassuring pill" that firmly controls the overall situation, so that the CCP can continue to develop and grow after suffering this heavy blow.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Li Weihan participated in the Long March and went to the Soviet Union for further study. After returning to China, he began his long-term work in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.
At that time, due to the national aggressiveness of the War of Resistance Against Japan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was planning to unite with all the Chinese nation, including ethnic minorities, to revolt.
Therefore, soon after the Party Central Committee arrived in northern Shaanxi, the Central Committee began to plan for the revolutionary propaganda work of ethnic minorities in the local area.
In 1939, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China established the Northwest Work Committee in northern Shaanxi, in which Li Weihan served as secretary general, began to study the problems of ethnic minorities, and successively drafted two "Outlines on Problems" for the Hui and Mongolian nationalities, which were submitted to the Party Central Committee for approval.
In addition to the outline report, Li Weihan also did a lot of work on the two major issues of "national equality" and "national unity":
He first forcefully refuted the "ethnic discrimination" circulating at that time, proposing that only by advocating the equality and unity of the people of all nationalities could we better resist the arbitrary aggression of Japanese imperialism;
At the same time, Through reference from various aspects, Li Weihan also held that it is not appropriate for all parts of our country to refer to the implementation of the so-called "federal system" in the West, but should train cadres of ethnic minorities and practice regional ethnic autonomy in order to promote the participation of nationalities in the War of Resistance.
In the "Outline of Issues" submitted by Li Weihan, it was pointed out that many ethnic issues, especially the relevant proposals on ethnic autonomy, were very constructive and forward-looking, and also laid the foundation for the ethnic policy after the founding of the People's Republic of China, which was of extremely great historical significance.
Because of this, after the founding of New China, Li Weihan still participated in and focused on policy issues related to ethnic minorities many times.
In 1950, Li Weihan participated in the formulation of the "Trial Program for Cultivating Ethnic Minority Cadres" of the CPC Central Committee, and continued to contribute to the training of ethnic minority cadres.
In 1951, As the chief representative of the government, Li Weihan once again negotiated friendly with the local government of Tibet and signed the "Seventeen-Point Agreement" for the liberation of Tibet, successfully promoting and achieving the peaceful liberation of Tibet.
In 1952, Li Weihan also pointed out that "the Manchus are also one of China's ethnic minorities", so the Manchus should also "enjoy normal ethnic preferential policies" in New China.
After that, Li Weihan presided over the formulation of the "Outline for the Implementation of Regional Ethnic Autonomy," which was also the first laws and regulations on ethnic minorities in China after the founding of the People's Republic of China, and had a far-reaching impact on the subsequent ethnic policies of New China.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="54" > third, the founding ceremony, he prepared for the CPPCC "all-encompassing"</h1>
At the end of 1946, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to restore the Central Urban Work Department, with Li Weihan as vice minister, and the main minister was Zhou Enlai, who was in several positions at that time.
With the comprehensive and gradual victory of the War of Liberation, the work of establishing the Central People's Government has gradually been put on the work agenda of the CPC Central Committee.
In October 1948, the Ministry of Urban Works was reorganized into the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, and Li Weihan served as a minister. As soon as the United Front Work Department was established, Li Weihan received a very arduous task, that is, drawing up a list of units and deputies to join the new CPPCC.
Due to the special nature of the new CPPCC meeting, the selection of representatives and units from all walks of life across the country needs to consider many factors, so the meaning and importance of this work are self-evident.
Under the leadership of Li Weihan, the members of the group responsible for drawing up the list contacted various democratic parties and non-party personages to confirm their willingness to participate in the meeting one by one.
At the same time, Li Weihan also screened the applications of groups and individuals received by the Standing Committee to participate in the meeting one by one to prevent the mixing of reactionaries and hostile forces.
At that time, at the CPPCC session, people from various democratic parties were among them, and how to arrange for everyone to "convince orally" became a "big problem."
As the main person in charge of drawing up the list, Li Weihan cooperated with Zhou Enlai in doing a lot of ideological work to smooth out emotions, mediate disputes, and resolve contradictions: he took the initiative to talk with many groups and individuals of different parties, and explained to them one by one the arrangements for the congress.
In fact, what is less known is that Li Weihan at that time not only had to prepare for the CPPCC meeting, but also began to prepare for the relevant matters of the founding ceremony.
Although the "work task is heavy", Li Weihan still arranged everything in an orderly manner, carefully considered and finalized the list of each participant.
After more than three months of consultation and preparation, on September 21, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese Political Consultative Conference was successfully held in Beiping, and the meeting made detailed decisions on matters related to the preparation of the founding of New China, including the dingdu and renaming of Peiping to Beijing, the confirmation of the image of the national anthem and national flag, and the adoption of the Common Era era.
At this meeting, representatives of the Communist Party of China, representatives of democratic parties, organizations and other representatives from all walks of life attended the meeting, and there were 300 guests, and behind this, Li Weihan's contribution to this can be said to be indispensable. In Zhou Enlai's summary later, Li Weihan's extensive work in preparing for the new CPPCC was obvious to all, "Comrade Weihan contributed the most. ”
On the other hand, as a former "brother" with Li Weihan, Mao Zedong can be said to have a very thorough understanding of Li Weihan's revolutionary work ability.
Therefore, before and after the United Front Work Department compiled the selected deputies and various reports into a thick pile of materials and sent them to the CPC Central Committee Mao Zedong's case, Mao Zedong saw such a large thick heavenly book, and could not help but nod his head and praise Li Weihan's ability, while laughing humorously: "This is really an all-encompassing heavenly book." ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="69" > four or three marriages, his eldest son to the rank of deputy state</h1>
When it comes to Li Weihan, there is another emotional anecdote that must be mentioned, that is, his wife, Kim Wei-young.
Perhaps, those familiar with history will remember the name of Jin Weiying, who was deng xiaoping's second wife and also joined the revolution, but in 1933, when Deng Xiaoping was politically criticized, Deng Xiaoping, who was extremely stressed, had no choice but to sign a divorce agreement in order not to implicate Jin Weiying, and Jin Weiying was forced to divorce.
In 1934, Jin Weiying participated in the long march of the main central Red Army and became one of the 30 female Red Army troops who completed the journey.
Figure Jin Weiying
During this long march, Jin Weiying met Li Weihan and fell in love with him, married Ruijin happily, and gave birth to Li Weihan's eldest son, Li Tieying.
However, due to the same climbing of snowy mountains and crossing meadows during the Long March, such a hard war life left Jin Weiying with a variety of chronic diseases on his body.
After giving birth to Li Tieying, the frail Jin Weiying temporarily left Li Weihan's father and son and was sent by the CPC Central Committee to the Oriental University in Moscow for further study, and also hoped to recuperate in Moscow.
Unfortunately, when Hitler's army attacked Moscow in 1941, the hospital where Kim Wei-young was recuperating was bombed, and Kim Wei-young was killed, leaving Li Weihan and his wife forever separated.
In fact, Jin Weiying is not Li Weihan's first wife.
As early as 1914, Li Weihan, who was only 18 years old, had married Cao Wenyu, who was one year younger than himself, under the arrangement of his parents, and the two had given birth to a son and two daughters.
Although their son died around the age of four, the two also had a period of poverty but happiness.
However, after this, Li Weihan traveled to the revolution for a long time, the husband and wife were separated from each other, and they never heard from each other because of the war.
Although under the influence of Li Weihan, Cao Wenyu also enrolled in a girls' school to study culture and embarked on the road of revolution, the marriage promoted by this feudal environment gradually came to an end under the influence of practical reasons and new ideas.
After Jin Weiying's death, Li Weihan married his third wife Wu Jingzhi again and gave birth to his second son, Li Tielin.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Li Weihan and Wu Jingzhi helped each other in their tribulations, and went through many years of happiness or pain, and finally the two joined hands with Baitou.
Among Li Weihan's two sons, the more well-known should be the eldest son Li Tieying.
Born in the war-torn years and baptized by war, this teenager successfully joined the Communist Party as early as a teenager, and then went to Czechoslovakia to study under Li Weihan's arrangement, and then returned to China to serve the motherland.
In China, he gradually rose from a small technician in the thirteen institutes of the Tenth Academy of the Ministry of National Defense, and finally became the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress in 2003, enjoying the same vice-state status as his father.
However, Li Weihan's second son, Li Tielin, also set foot in politics after graduating from Tsinghua University, but most of the time, he still focused on problems in his professional area.
Figure Li Tielin
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="88" >5, in response to the call, he left a lifetime of revolutionary memories</h1>
In his later years, despite his constant physical illness, this proletarian revolutionary, who had made great contributions to New China, still actively responded to the party's call and began to write his own revolutionary memoir, "Memories and Studies".
In his memoirs, Li Weihan pursued seeking truth from facts, summed up many of the lessons he saw and experienced on the revolutionary road, provided many little-known first-hand accounts for future generations, and also left his great spiritual world and noble feelings of dedication to the party in the book.
On August 11, 1984, Li Weihan died of illness in Beijing.
Looking back on the old man's life, Li Weihan did not seek a false name, did not seek selfish interests, and always treated everything with a hard, simple, serious and serious spirit.
For his faith, he is loyal and steadfast, full of enthusiasm for the party's cause, selfless dedication, and is a model figure of honesty and honesty in the party.
Before his death, a sentence that Li Weihan often hung on his lips was: "After 60 years of devoting myself to the revolution, as a communist party member, I must have the great ideal of communism and even more must have the indomitable revolutionary perseverance." ”
This sentence has a great warning and enlightening effect on us today.
Today's China is making unremitting efforts for social progress. We review the stories of our revolutionary ancestors, not only to show respect, but also to be able to learn and grow from them.
The new China needs the selfless dedication of generations of people, and when we are working, when we study the spirit of these predecessors, put the interests of the country and the people first in current affairs, and strive to be strong, can we realize the great Chinese dream and let our descendants have a brighter and more brilliant future!