Infinite rivers and mountains tears, who speaks the heavens and the earth wide
Xia Wanchun, presumably there should be many people who know, because the middle school textbook selects a poem of his "Farewell to the Clouds" and pushes it. His poem reads: "Three years of detaining travelers, today it is the southern crown." Infinite rivers and mountains tears, who says the heavens and the earth are wide? It is known that the spring road is close, and it is difficult to leave the hometown. On the day of the return of the spirit flag, the spirit flag is seen in the air."
Xia Wanchun, zicungu, like Chen Zilong, was also a Songjiang native, a young anti-Qing hero in the late Ming Dynasty, and a famous poet. At the age of nine, he was endowed with ancient Chinese, quick thinking, and was known as a child prodigy. His poems are either generous and tragic, or poignant and mournful, "like apes, like cranes", full of strong national consciousness.
I knew that his time was not too early, and there was only one impression before, that he was the youngest national hero in ancient Chinese history, and that nothing else was known, and it was only when I later read Chen Zilong's poems that I had a general understanding of him.
In the Southern Ming Dynasty, there were not many heroes who could be called heroes, but this Xia Wanchun could definitely be called these two words, he followed his teacher Chen Zilong to fight against the Qing, and after the defeat of the army, his father Xia Yunyi sank himself to Songtang and died. In the same years, he drank blood as an alliance with Chen Zilong and others, conspired to restore the great cause of the Ming Dynasty, and soon after the rebel army was defeated, Xia Wanchun was arrested after he went into exile alone, and after being sent to Nanjing, Xia Wanchun was strong and unyielding, stubbornly fighting, and when the apostatical Hong Chengzu interrogated him, he denounced this traitor of the imperial court and the scum of the nation, making Hong Chengzu's face red and his face red. Xia Wanchun said that he would "take revenge in the next life", which fully reflected his national integrity of seeing death as a homecoming. He eventually died unyieldingly, at the age of 17.
Although Xia Wanchun lived for only 17 years, he had an indelible brilliance in the literary circles of the late Ming Dynasty. In xia Wanchun's short life, he left us with many works, some people have written a total of 12 fu, 337 poems, 41 words, 4 songs, and 12 texts.
He joined the anti-Qing struggle from the age of 14, and in the life of the struggle between blood and fire, especially in the short eighty days after his arrest, he wrote many generous and tragic poems, poems, songs, and essays that expressed national integrity.
Looking at the main contents of his works, as summarized by Mr. Bai Jian, a famous historian and expert in Xia Wanchun's research, they are mainly divided into three categories: that is, to express the heart of the anti-Qing dynasty, to express the hatred of rise and fall, to praise the heroes and martyrs, and to mourn teachers and friends. Although he only lived to be seventeen years old, he was precocious and precocious, and his english name was immortal, and his personality and literature occupied a special place in the history of China and literature.
He was in that turbulent era, bloody rain, cruel struggle and severe situation, so that they all had a sense of hopelessness that they knew that they could not do anything, but as a scholar who had been traditionally educated since childhood, Xia Wanchun had perfected his personality in such an extraordinary experience. In his short time of seventeen, he completed his journey from a child prodigy to a hero.
His poetry and writing, full of the characteristics of his times, mainly expressed the heart to resist foreign humiliation and resolve to restore his vision, expressed the hatred of rise and fall, the tears of mountains and rivers, and the pain of his homeland, praised and mourned the teachers and friends who sacrificed their lives for the country, and denounced the corrupt government. At the same time, it also has a full patriotic spirit, an abundant optimistic spirit, an indomitable fighting spirit and a tragic spirit of sacrifice.
"Xiang Zhen gathered the jade fan out, and the blue blood flowed out of the fang." In just seventeen years, Xia Wanchun not only established a heroic image of "giving up people's wizards and ancient puppets" for posterity, but also left us with more than three hundred soul-stirring and touching poems with his "pen like rafters and guts".
When he watched his father Xia Yunyi jump into the rolling waves of the Song River, Xia Wanchun turned the pain of losing his father into an infinite force to urge himself to forge ahead, into infinite hatred for the Manchu Qing Tatars, into infinite concern for the country and the nation, because he always had a "heart disease" in his heart, the mountains and rivers were broken, the people were not happy, the war was raging, and the human tragedies of that scene were deeply burned on his strong and fragile soul.
He wrote in "A Cut of Plum": "Infinite sadness in the sunset. The homeland is desolate, and the remaining pink is red. Golden hook royal water sunburn east. Chen Gong was old last year, and Sui Guan was this year old. Reflections on the past and emptiness. The flying feathers are merciless, still smoke cages. Long strips are short and leafy. Only over the west wind, and then over the east wind. Yuri was filled with sadness and sorrow for the country and the peril of the nation. The term is almost comparable to Du Fu's "Spring Hope". Only those who have experienced the test of wolf smoke and Jin Geming can form a mind to save the people from water and fire, and only those who have undergone the baptism of national hatred and rejuvenation can write poems full of patriotic spirit.
"Two eyebrows, full of heart to whom? Poor heaven and earth are homeless, and the lake and sea have not returned to the soul. Where are the Thirty Swords buried? Wanli Building Ship more than a few people! Heroes hate, tears are full of scarves, where three families can die Qin! This song "Nan Xian Lu Gong Makeup Platform, Self-Narration" shows the full regret in Xia Wanchun's heart, this hero hates, hates the three households of the immortal Qin, hates that he can no longer fight the Manchu Tartar to restore my Chinese, he only "prefers to be crushed for jade, not for the tiles" The lofty integrity of different flows, and the big husband who "kills to become a benevolent person and sacrifices his life for righteousness" will always be in the world.
The retribution for the country, the ambition to take the world as its own responsibility, the pride of practicing with one's body, and the heroism reflect the eternals! And the talent revealed in the text is also exciting. Strong patriotic ideas, a thin patriotic passion, a fiery fighting atmosphere, a moving romantic color and a gorgeous and elegant text are the main features of his poetry, although from the perspective of modern people, he is still an underage child.
Xia Wanchun was the son of that particular historical era, and at the same time an ordinary person with flesh and blood. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Moruo's drama "Nanguancao", based on the deeds of Xia Wanchun, was excited by how many Chinese sons and daughters who vowed to save the motherland with their blood! Today, although we live in an era of peace, our obligations to the motherland have not changed, and the young man's passion for upward mobility and truth has not changed, so in him, we can also draw a lot of strength as a human being.
In fact, although I like Xia Wanchun's poetry, but the mood in my heart is very different from watching his teacher Zilong's works, always from the feeling of admiration, more mixed with sadness, he started a soldier at the age of fourteen, dedicated at the age of seventeen, he is still a child, he carries the responsibility that should not be his, always feel a little "weeping six armies are vegetarian, and no one is a boy" taste ...
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