Li Qingzhao's "Duoli" was originally published under the volume of "Lefu Yazi", the title of "Shuyu Vocabulary Banknote" is "Yong Bai Ju", and the title of "Lan Ju" is "Lan Ju" in the "Poetry of the Past Dynasties". As for the background of the writing, it is probably as analyzed by Chen Zumei's "Selected Commentaries on Li Qingzhao's Poems", which was composed for "returning to Beijing and Jieyu's first sigh (around 1106)". Many allusions are used in this poem, which shows the literary skills and abundant talents of the lyricists. Li Qingzhao's "Dori Bai Ju" lyrics, through the wind and rain rubbing still clear and fragrant, autumn colors will still be snow clear jade thin, experienced the depiction of bai ju, and then praise its ice muscle jade bone, high purity and elegance of character and integrity. Li Qingzhao praised Bai Ju's appearance, charm, fragrance, temperament and spirit. Deeply pinned down, it shows dissatisfaction with corrupt and polluted social customs. The author uses the white chrysanthemum as a metaphor, reflecting the noble heart and dignified character of the lyricist.
Dolly Wing Bai Ju
The small building is cold, and the long curtain of the night is hanging low. Hate Xiao Xiao, ruthless wind and rain, night to rub qiong muscles. Nor is it similar, the noble concubine is drunk, nor is it similar, Sun Shou frowns. Han Ling steals incense, Xu Niang Fu fan, Mo will be compared to not novel. Look closely, Qu Ping Pottery Order, the charm is appropriate. The breeze rises, the fragrance is clear, and the brew is not reduced.
Gradually autumn, snow and jade are thin, and they are infinitely dependent on people. Like melancholy condensation, Han Gao xie pei, like tears, fan inscription poems. The moon breeze, thick smoke and dark rain, the heavenly religion haggard and fragrant. Even if you cherish it, you don't know how long you will stay from now on. People are good, why should we remember more, Zepan Dongli.
exegesis:
(1) Xiao Xiao: Describe the sound of wind and rain. "Poetry, Zheng Feng, Wind and Rain": "Wind and rain Xiao Xiao, chicken singing glue." "Yi Shui Song": "The wind is xiao xiao xiao yi shui cold, once the hero is gone, he will not return." ”
(2) Qiong muscle: jade-like skin, mostly used to describe the beauty of women's skin. Song Yanshu's "Yulou Chun" "The red bar constrains Qiong's muscle stability and crushes the champagne to urge the urgency." "This metaphor is the petals of a white chrysanthemum.
(3) Guifei's drunken face: Tang Yang's face was rosy after drinking. Tang Lijun's "Miscellaneous Records of the Pine Window" and Song Leshi's "Taizhen Wai Biography" all have records of Yang Guifei's drinking. This is used as a metaphor for a red and rich chrysanthemum, compared to a white chrysanthemum. As feminine as Yang Guifei was when she was drunk.
(4) Sun Shou's frown: Pretending to be sad like Sun Shou. The Later Han Dynasty Book of Liang Ji (Later Han Dynasty) says: Liang Ji of the Eastern Han Dynasty "wife Sun Shou, beautiful and good as a demon, making sad eyebrows, crying makeup, falling into a horse's bun, bending the waist, laughing caries, thinking that it is charming.". Li Xian's note quotes from "Customs and Customs": "Those who have frowns, fine is tortuous." This describes a feminine chrysanthemum, in contrast to the white chrysanthemum.
(5) Han Ling steals incense: stealing other people's strange incense like Han Shou. Han Shou of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, beautiful and light, Jia Chong's daughter Jia Wu took a fancy to him. Shou over the wall dark pass. She stole the Western Qixiang that the emperor had given to her father and gave it to Shou. Later, Jia Chong met with the officials Wen Shou with a strange fragrance on his body, suspecting that Shou had an affair with Noon, but did not publicize it, and later married Noon to Shou. Song Ouyang Xiu's "Wangjiangnan": "Like He Lang Quan Fu Powder, his heart is like Han Shou's love to steal incense." "The World Speaks New Language and Drowns": "Han Shou is beautiful and beautiful, and Jia Chong thinks that he is a fool." At every gathering, Jia Nu looks at the qingzhuo, sees shou, yuezhi, and constantly cherishes thoughts, and originates in chanting... Shou Wen was moved, so he asked the concubine to ask about it, and he was expected to stay. Shou Jie jie, over the wall into the house, unknown. It is unusual for a self-conscious woman to be self-soothing. Later, the officials, smelling the strange fragrance of life, are foreign tributes, and once they are alone, they do not rest for months. Emperor Wu of Chongji only gave himself and Chen Qian, the Yu family did not have this incense, doubtful Shou and Nütong... Chong Nai takes the female left and right maids to ask questions, that is, to form a pair. Fill the secret, to the daughter's wife. Han Shouxi is called Han Rafters, not "Han Ling". I don't know whether Li Qingzhao misremembered it or changed it to avoid repeating the word "shou" with "Sun Shou". This code is intended to describe the aromatic aroma of white chrysanthemum.
(6) Xu Niang Fu Powder: Like Xu Niang, rub the grease and wipe the powder. Emperor Liangyuan's concubine Xu Zhaopei had an affair with Emperor Jijiang. Ji Jiang once said: "Although Xu Niang is old, she is still affectionate. Later, he called the woman who did not fade away although she was old and old as Xu Niang. "Nanshi Liangyuan Emperor Xu Fei Biography": Xu Fei "Secret Zhaopei, East China Sea Tan people also ... The emperor left and right and Ji Jiang had a posture, and they were also in communication with adultery. Ji Jiang sighed every time: "Although the Baizhi dog is old, he can still hunt; Although Xiao Liyang is old, she is still angry; although Xu Niang is old, she is still affectionate'." However, Xu Niang did not have a "Fu powder" thing, and the poems often used He Yan Fu powder as an allusion. According to the "World Speaks New Language, Rongzhi" "He Ping Shu is beautiful and beautiful, and white." Emperor Wei Ming suspected fu fan. In the summer month, with the hot soup cake, both ingetering, sweating, with zhu clothes to wipe themselves, the color turned bright. "Here when the author misremembered or changed it. Tang Li Duanshi: "He Lang is not relieved." Qingzhao mistakenly remembered He Lang as Xu Niang. These two sentences should be "Han rafters steal incense, He Lang Fu powder." "Or a scribble, or a copy of the letter." This is used to describe the white chrysanthemum.
(7) Mo will be compared: do not compare.
(8) Qu Ping Tao Ling: Qu Ping: Qu Yuan's name ping, the great poet of the Chu state in the Warring States period. He wrote in "Leaving the Troubles": "Towards the fall of drinking Mulan, autumn chrysanthemums of sunset meals", symbolizing his nobility and purity. Tao Ling: Also known as Tao Qian, zi yuanming, great poet of the last years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. It was once Peng Zeling, hence the name. He is dissatisfied with the dark reality, "highly interested, not seeking fame and fortune". After abandoning the official and returning home, he composed "Return to the Word", and there was "Tao Yuanming Collection" passed down. He loves chrysanthemums very much, and in the poem "Drinking", Yun said: "Under the eastern fence of picking chrysanthemums, leisurely see the South Mountain." ”
(9) Charm: Grace rhymes. Tang Qiudan's "JingZhan Chang Shi Caotang": "Although Yanxia is a stranger, the charm is like looking at it." Xiangyi: Refers to the white chrysanthemum and Quping pottery to make the charm suitable.
(10) Fragrant and fragrant. Song Hanqi's "Night Poetry" "Qingfen surpasses the crowd." "Brewing: Brewing.
(11) Túmí (酴醾): A plant name for "tea mushroom". It blooms in early summer and resembles a wine, hence the name.
(12) Autumn: late autumn, autumn end.
(13) Snow Jade Thin: Describe the white chrysanthemum as white as snow, thin as jade.
(14) Attachment: Attachment is not willing to give up. "Ancient Poems for Jiao Zhongqing's Wife": "Raise your hand for a long time, and the two feelings are the same." ”
(15) Han Gao Xie Pei: The Taiping Imperial Records volume 803 quotes the "Biography of Liexian": "Zheng Jiaofu will go to Chu, and under the Han Gao of the Dao, there are two daughters, two beads, as big as a jing chicken egg." Jiaofu said to him, "The admiration of the son of desire." The second daughter dissolved with it. After returning to Care, the second daughter is gone, and Pei is also lost. "Han Gao, the name of the mountain, also known as Wanshan, is northwest of Xiangyang in Hubei Province. Pei, or Peiyu, is an ornament worn by the ancients on their belts. Later, it was used as an allusion to the love of men and women. This sentence means that the white chrysanthemum after blooming is like the two fairies who are relieved of the Han River, condensing the sadness of others.
(16) Fan inscription poem: refers to Han Ban Zhao (Ban Jieyu) writing "Tuan Fan Song". The fan is made of fine silk, so it is called a fan. At the beginning of the reign of Emperor Hancheng, ban was elected to the harem, was quite favored, and soon became a concubine. Later, Zhao Feiyan's sisters were favored, and Jie Yu fell out of favor, so she asked for support for the empress dowager in Changxin Palace, but to do Tuan Fan poems, so that Tuan Fan Qiu Liang was abandoned by the master without metaphorically abandoning women. With these two classics, I send praise and pity for Bai Ju.
(17) Long Yue Qingfeng: "The World Speaks New Languages and Speeches": "The Breeze and the Moon, the Mind of Xuandu."
(18) Zepan East Fence: The allusion of Qu Yuanxing YinZepan and Tao Yuanming Picking Chrysanthemum East Hedge was used. The author both comments and sighs. Sympathy for chrysanthemums, but also sympathy for Qu Tao, but also implicit in Qu Tao's self-condition.
Translation:
The small building is cold,
Curtains hang low.
Autumn nights are long.
Hate Xiao Xiao's ruthless wind and rain.
One night rubbing,
Damage the white jade-like skin.
She's not like a noblewoman with a delicate drunken face.
Nor is it like Sun Shou's frowning flattery.
Han Ling's wind and currents,
Xu Niang's Fu Fan.
None of them are novelty.
Do not use it to compare the image of the white chrysanthemum.
Look closely,
Only Qu Yuan and Tao Ling,
Grace is just as good.
The breeze blows,
Send Qingyuan fragrant.
If it is more than a yeast flower,
Not inferior.
Autumn deep breath with frost,
As innocent as snow,
Jade is as strong and thin as jade,
Infinite attachment,
It's a long way to be human.
She is just like the Goddess of Han Gao staring with sorrow,
It is also like the banji who spilled tears.
Sometimes the wind is clear and the moon is clear,
Sometimes the smoke is thick and the rain is dark.
Heavenly Sect is haggard with lonely fang.
Even if you cherish it.
I don't know
How long can a good posture stay!
As long as the world knows mercy.
And why should I miss that again—?
Qu Yuanxing Yin Chu Zepan.
Tao Qiancai chrysanthemum next to the east fence
Appreciation:
Li Qingzhao wrote this poem because the white chrysanthemum is a symbol of high purity. What she admired was the high wind and bright festival of Qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming, who loved chrysanthemums, and also used this to express herself and embrace herself, achieving the purpose of seeing things and seeing the aspirations.
The film uses a contrasting technique to describe the color posture of the white chrysanthemum, thus showing its grace and charm, thus praising the elegance and high standards of Qu Ping (yuan) and Tao Qian (Yuanming). The first four sentences write that the autumn night is windy and rainy, and the curtains on the small building are heavy, but they still can't resist the invasion of the cold. In this long night, what the writer was worried about was the bushes of white chrysanthemums in the courtyard, and its jade bones were afraid that they could not withstand the ruthless destruction of the cold rain and the miserable wind. The next four sentences cite the characteristics of the character of several historical figures, saying that Mingju is neither like the drunken face of the noble concubine, with a delicate and charming attitude, nor like Sun Shou deliberately depicting it as a slender and curved frown, which is charming, as for the fragrance of the strange fragrance that Jia Nu privately gave to Han Shou, and the white powder smeared on Xu Niang's half-face makeup, it is even more insufficient to be compared with Bai Ju.
"Look carefully" three sentences, inheriting the above negative words "not similar", pointing out that the above few people can not be compared with Bai Ju, carefully looking, or with qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming's demeanor rhyme to compare it is just right. The three sentences of "Breeze Rise" describe the chrysanthemum product is both high, the breeze passes everywhere, emitting a similar fragrance of fermentation, light and intriguing.
The next piece praises the white chrysanthemum from the front. Three sentences of "gradual autumn", writing that white chrysanthemums are cleaner than snow and more delicate than jade. As the autumn light grew late, she seemed to feel that separation was imminent, revealing her overwhelming attachment. The two sentences of "like melancholy condensation" describe the white chrysanthemum after blooming, like the two fairies on the shore of the Han River, who gave the pearl they admired to the person who was pleasing to themselves under the solution, full of sorrow for condensing the farewell; and like Ban Jieyu in the Han Palace, in the inscription poem to tell the pain after falling out of favor, the tears sprinkled with white fans. The three sentences of "Long Yue" tell that after experiencing the bright moon breeze in autumn, thick smoke and dark rain, Bai Ju's jade appearance and abundance gradually haggard, even if they love and pity, they do not know how long they can keep her, which is to express the deep affection of Ai Ju.
The last three sentences are to preserve the white chrysanthemum that is about to fall, and the implication is that as long as there is a confidant here, why should we remember Qu Yuan and Tao Youming who picked chrysanthemums on the east fence, and we must follow them. Finally, it is pointed out that the author himself also deeply admires the personality and embrace of Qu Yuan and Tao Yuanming, hoping that Bai Ju can be known as a confidant.