The history of human mapping is very long, the oldest map preserved so far is the sumerian map drawn, these maps are carved on the pottery pieces of simple maps, the earliest china also has a map drawn on the ding, from the map can be found, and further understanding, the cultural customs of various countries, social and historical background at that time the distribution of mountains and rivers, etc., the following to take stock, the history of the most famous 9 maps, these maps affected the future mapping methods!
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > Yu trace chart</h1>
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The stone carved jade traces of the sixth year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1136) are now in the Xi'an Forest of Steles Museum. The most prominent feature of this map is that it draws squares, with a total of 73 vertical grids and 70 horizontal grids, and indicates that "each side folds hundreds of miles", that is, the side length of each square in the Song Dynasty is equivalent to 100 miles. The Yuji map is also the first ancient map to use "raster symbols" to represent scale bars. The drafter of the original drawings cannot be determined. One is a Song Dynasty Shen Kuo, but it can be inferred that it was based on Jia Dan's painting of the Kyushu part of the home of Chinese immigrants in the Tang Dynasty. Almost all of the maps drawn by Shen Kuo, Jia Dan and others inherited the "map six bodies" proposed by Pei Xiu of the Western Jin Dynasty.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > Map of Henricus Matrus</h1>
As early as Florence in 1491, the German cartographer Henricus Matrose, who lived on the outskirts of Florence, drew a map of the world that best reflected the latest theory of the formation of the world at that time. For example, the first attempt to depict the Earth as a circle; the Cape of Good Hope discovered by Portuguese navigators was recorded for the first time. It is rumored that Columbus used this map to persuade the king of the time to support his voyage plans.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > Ptolemaic map</h1>
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The ancient Greek geographer and astronomer Ptolemy drew a famous map in 1482. Ptolemy was a master of the "geocentric theory". He synthesized the research results of his predecessors and proposed the concept of drawing a grid of longitude and graticules on a map. In order to make the longitude and latitude lines on the earth can be drawn on the plane, he drew the longitude and latitude lines into a simple fan, thus drawing the Ptolemaic Map. Ptolemy also once spoke of his own method of map projection: spherical projection conic projection
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="12" map of > de Wego</h1>
In 1487, Portuguese navigators sailed around the Cape of Good Hope, marking the beginning of the "Great Discovery of World Geography". In fact, before that, Europe had several world maps with areas that Europeans had not yet reached. The most typical is the Dwego world map drawn around 1415. This map clearly shows the Cape of Good Hope and the coastline of East Africa, as well as Cape Jerinov at the northeastern tip of the Asian continent, which was not surveyed and named by Jereinov until 1648. Five hundred years after de Vigo's map disappeared, an ancient map collector rediscovered it.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="15" > aerial view of Venice</h1>
Around 1500, while Leonardo da Vinci was still designing prototypes of airplanes on sketches to realize the dream of human flight, the Venetians of his time, Jacob de Barbary (1445-1516), unexpectedly created a wood sculpture depicting Venice at high altitude. This picture is thought to be the earliest aerial view of the city bird at that time. This map followed the perspective cartography method, showing the architectural streets and rivers of the urban area in a very precise scale, and how this map was drawn was an unsolved mystery at the time. Some experts speculate that he first observed the bell towers in the city, sketched them from different directions, then corrected them according to the perspective scale method, and finally created them.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="18" > treasure map of the Moluccas</h1>
Moruga, now known as Maluku, is an island in northeastern Indonesia. In ancient times, it was famous for its abundance of cloves, cardamom and pepper. Then, it was collectively referred to as the "Spice Island" by ancient Indian, Chinese and Arab merchants. The map of the Moruga Islands by the Dutch cartographer Prandhus (1552-1622) first convinced seafarers of the map drawn by the Mercator projection. Mercator projection was founded in 1569 by the Dutch cartographer Mercator. It is the most influential method of map projection. Later, the influx of European colonists eventually destroyed the production and trade of spices on the island.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="21" > William Smith geological map</h1>
As early as 1817, the British geographer, scientist, geologist, william Smith (1769-1839), then known as the "father of stratigraphy", drew the first geological map of the time, including the detailed geological structure of England, Wales and some Scotland regions at that time. Since then, the "tool" of the map has obviously become a very important scientific research tool, giving the map a new role, and the map is not just a navigation tool. Theologians and religious scholars have long believed that the Earth was born between 4000 and 8000 BC, but William Smith's geological map shows that the bottom rock layer of England at that time was like a "Napoleonic cake" layer by layer, and this geological structure could only be formed after years or even hundreds of millions of years of accumulation. Darwin believed that this was the "cornerstone" of evolution.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="23" > uklindest atlas of roads</h1>
The origin of the British Road Atlas can almost be traced back to the ancient Persian period, but the first road atlas officially given by the British should be the road atlas of 1675, with a total of more than 100 detailed maps, large and small, describing in detail more than 7500 miles (about 12070 kilometers) of road routes. The drafter was John Augby (1600-1676). He was one of the founders of modern map making and cartographic geography in Britain.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="25" > John Blau map</h1>
The brass engravings on the map drawn by the Dutchman John Bru (1596-1673) in 1648 were the first to acknowledge the heliocentric theory, that is, the earth orbiting the sun. It was one of the greatest cartographers of the mid-17th century, and John Blue's greatest credit in his life was the publication of the "largest book" of the time, the Atlas of the Earth, which consisted of 11 volumes, 4689 pages, and 598 maps.