Page 1 About the Author
Zhou Libo (August 9, 1908 – September 25, 1979), real name Zhou Shaoyi, character Fengxiang, number Jieqing, also known as Zhou Fengwu, pen names zhou Libo, Zhou De, Zhang Shangbin, Ya Ge, Zhang Yike, Hunan Yiyang people, modern Chinese writers, compilers, and Zhao Shuli also known as "Southern Zhou Northern Zhao".
Zhou Libo successively served as a war correspondent of the Eighth Route Army Frontline Headquarters and the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region, a teacher of Yan'an Luyi, a deputy editor-in-chief of the Literary and Art Supplement of Jiefang Daily, a vice president of Zhongyuan Daily, an interpreter of the CPC delegation of the Beiping Military Investigation Department, the director of the Propaganda Department of the Songjiang Provincial CPC Committee, the director of the Luyi Research Office in Shenyang, the editorial board member of People's Literature, the chairman of the Hunan Provincial Federation of Literature, the chairman of the Hunan Branch of the Chinese Writers Association, the deputy to the First, Second and Third National People's Congresses, the members of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the first, second and third members of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and the first member of the Chinese Writers Association. Second term of directors.
In the autumn of 1924, he was admitted to Changsha Provincial No. 1 Middle School. In October 1931, he entered the Shenzhou Guoguang Society as a school team. In January 1932, he was arrested for participating in revolutionary activities. In January 1935, he joined the Communist Party of China. In May 1939, he was transferred to the guilin "Salvation Daily" editor, and was later arranged to work at the Lu Xun Art and Literature Institute. In 1944, he went south with the People's Liberation Army.
In October 1946, he went to the northeast to participate in the land reform, and wrote a long novel "The Tempest" on this topic. In October 1949, he was transferred to Beijing and worked in the Editorial Office of the Ministry of Culture. In May 1955, he published the novel "The Rushing Of Iron". In April 1960, he published the novel "The Great Change in the Mountains and Countryside". During the "Cultural Revolution," he was brutally persecuted by Lin Biao and Jiang Qing's counter-party counter-revolutionary clique. In March 1978, he was rehabilitated. He died at 3:59 a.m. on September 25, 1979, at the age of 71.
Page 2 Celebrity Reviews
1. (Comments by Zhuang Hanxin, Deputy Director of the Department of Social Sciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Assistant Professor of the School of Literature and Law)
Since Zhou Libo threw himself into the revolution in 1928, he has followed the truth, unswervingly, always heeded the call of the party, and dedicated his life's passion to the cause of the liberation of the proletariat. He was a brave and indomitable fighter who used his pen as a weapon to fight on the party's cultural front. He resolutely practiced Comrade Mao Zedong's literary and artistic line and made outstanding contributions to the revolutionary literary cause of the Communist Party of China. He was a left-wing intellectual who had been tempered and raised under the cultivation of the Party and in the edification of the revolutionary fire, and was also a writer who gained international reputation in the early days of the birth of New China. His entire course of battle and literary career has always been closely related to the proletarian revolutionary movement and cultural struggle led by the Communist Party of China. ”
2. (Comments by Mao Dun, a modern Chinese writer)
"From 'The Tempest' to 'The Great Change in the Mountains and Countryside', Zhou Libo's creations have developed along two lines, one is the national form and the other is the personal style; to be precise, he gradually established his personal style in the pursuit of the national form."
Zhou Libo's talent is manifested in the fact that whether it is the northeast, a region with which he is not familiar with regional culture and local customs, or the rural area of Hunan, where he grew up in Zizi, he can always accurately grasp and vividly present works of art with a strong personal style. Hunan countryside lake light and water color, food and drink men and women and other Xiang love Xiang rhyme, northeast peasant family wedding and funeral, three sisters and six wives and other customs and customs, he from these meticulous
3. (Beijing Evening News)
In the meticulous narrative of daily life and the depiction of local customs, the magnificent revolutionary movement is narrated, showing a distinct Chinese style and Chinese style.
4. (Guangming Daily Review)
Zhou Libo is a cross-era writer and an influential writer in the history of New Chinese literature in the past century.
Page 3 Background of writing
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, in order to defend the fruits of victory, completely destroy the feudal forces in the countryside, and push the revolution forward, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "May Fourth Directive" on May 4, 1946, which changed the rent reduction and interest reduction to confiscating the landlords' land and distributing it to the peasants. As a result, a vigorous agrarian reform movement was launched in the vast rural areas of the Liberated Areas.
In the winter of that year, Zhou Libo went to the northeast with his army and took part in the land reform struggle in the liberated areas of northeast China. He worked in Yuanbao Town, Shangzhi County, Songjiang Province. Songjiang Province is part of what is now Heilongjiang Province, and Yuanbao Town is Yuanmaotun in "The Tempest". During this period, it was the frozen and snowy season in the northeast, there were not many agricultural affairs, and Zhou Libo often nagged with poor farmers and listened to their unrestrained conversation.
Topics range from struggles with landlords to family trivia, from customs to personal encounters... He worked in Yuanbao Town for half a year, fighting and working with the peasants every day, understanding the situation that he did not understand thoroughly in the usual years, learning a lot of knowledge, including the vivid language of the peasants in the northeast, and accumulating a relatively rich writing material.
In May 1947, Zhou Libo went to the Songjiang Provincial Party Committee to edit the Songjiang Farmers' Daily. His personal experience of the fiery struggle for land reform inspired him to write novels in his spare time. After he finished writing the first part, he took the first draft and went to Zhoujiagang in Wuchang County, Songjiang Province to supplement his life. Zhoujiagang is a relatively rich cantonment that has passed through the Japanese and merged villages, and the class struggle is complex and sharp, which is the focus of the provincial party committee's land reform work.
Zhou Libo has lived here for four months. Later, he also visited some villages in Lalin and Weihe and Changling District in Hulan County, accumulating a large amount of living materials, further enriching and enriching the content of the work, he supplemented and revised the first part of the novel, and then spent more than half a year to complete the second part. "The Tempest" was written like this. In 1948, the Northeast Bookstore officially published the novel.
Page 4 Summary of contents
"The Tempest" describes the whole process of land reform in a village in the northeast called Yuanmaotun from 1946 to 1947. The first and second volumes of the novel are respectively about the process of "Three Buckets and Han Lao Liu" in the early stage of land reform, the review and in-depth "cutting and digging" (that is, the "cutting down big trees, digging up treasures" movement) in the later stage of land reform.
The first meeting of poor peasants held by the Yuanmaotun Land Reform Task Force after entering the village "unexpectedly failed," and the initiative of "fighting with a big belly" only received "approval" and doubtful responses from a small number of poor peasants who lacked confidence, and the problem was that they failed to effectively "mobilize" the masses.
In the first struggle against Han Laoliu, only Zhao Yulin was the only one who really "launched" up and came to power to complain, and the "struggle" was only surprising, or happy, or worried or suspicious, or waiting and seeing for the men, women, and children of Yuanmaotun. Under the influence of this complex group mentality that has not been fully "launched", it is difficult to form the tense atmosphere of the ideal two opposing camps, and finally ends with a farcical "emotional easing".
Although the second meeting of struggle was held after the successful "launching" of Guo Quanhai, Bai Yushan, Lao Tiantou, and others and the formal establishment of the "Peasants' and Workers' Federation," Han Laoliu's few remarks and reviews made "the mood of struggle decline again," so that "people just have a lot of land, ask him to give up the land, and there is no need to ask more about anything else." The indignation aroused by Lao Tiantou's blood and tears accusation was easily diluted by Han Laoliu's few drops of nosebleeds.
In addition to the results seen by the task force in the third struggle meeting that successfully defeated Han Laoliu, a key factor was that "Han Laoliu whipped the piglets" and aroused the people's indignation, which was self-defeated by the fighters to turn the originally mild atmosphere of struggle into a raging fire of anger, and it was the current criminal acts of the bully landlords that "mobilized" the masses.
The second volume of the novel is mainly about the process of "cooking and sandwiching raw rice" with the nature of review and rectification, and it is also a universal link in the land reform movement. There are two main aspects here: the first is to regain the power of the peasant association that has been usurped by the bad guys. After losing the "launch" engine of the task force, guo Quanhai, the former leader of the peasant association, immediately revealed the dazed and "passive" role of the "mobilized" people, who really did not have any active consciousness and ability to guard the achievements of land reform, let alone open up a new situation.
The second is to further launch the "cutting and digging campaign". What is different from the previous struggle for land reform is that the focus of the struggle now is no longer the "bad roots" of the bully landlord Han Laoliu's style, but the "bad whiskers" such as Du Shan, who eats and prays to the Buddha, "cultivates the afterlife" and does not leave his mouth, and who sacrifices his life and wealth and is timid.
The protagonist is Guo Quanhai, who led the peasants to continue the uncontrolled cause of Zhao Yulin and others, waged a struggle against the landlord Du Shanren, and finally consolidated the fruits of victory, and took the lead in joining the People's Liberation Army and fighting in the south.
Page 5 Quotes
1. This is a thick, two-pointed jujube-like fat woman in the middle, wearing a green silk coat and a long cigarette bag with a green jade cigarette holder.
2, the southwest sky rises dark clouds, dense rain blackened the heavens and the earth, the old far view, rain feet woven curtain from the sky to the earth, hanging in the southwest, really a bit like the legendary dragon whiskers.
3. "Comrade Wang, if the poor people cry their noses when they encounter unpleasant things, they will really drown in tears." ”
4, "closed eyes to catch sparrows", the result is often sparrows can not be caught, but also to touch the head.
5, Du Shan people are too fat, the walkway is panting. Tang Grabber pretended to be poor every day, sighing one after another. Du Shan said to the poor, "All the righteous people have to cultivate the next life!" Tang Zhizi ai said to Xiaohu:
"This cost of forcing people to die, some people don't want to live."
6, his face is lined with the leaves of the cucumber that is indeed green, and it looks more scorched yellow, and two bundles of wrinkles are knotted on both sides of the eyes like two spider webs.
(To be continued)
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