After the founding of New China, China's military construction began to enter the process of regularization, and one of the important measures was to implement the rank system, and in 1955 a ceremony was held for officers and men at all levels, of which 57 senior generals were awarded the rank of general. Since in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, many military cadres left the army to work in local areas and did not hold military posts, in order to more reasonably control the scale of awarding titles, in 1952 China organized a military cadre rating registration work, and in principle, cadres who did not obtain the rank of military cadres were no longer awarded military ranks. However, Ulanf, who was of Mongol origin, eventually received the rank of general, and he was the only founding general without a military rank. Then, Ulanfu, a Mongolian cadre, has neither experience in the Red Army nor the Eighth Route Army, nor does he hold a military position, what kind of merits did he rely on to be recognized by the Central Military Commission and obtain the rank of general? It starts with his personal experience for the first half of his life.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="2" > born Mongolian and yearning for progress</h1>
In 1906, Ulan fu was born into a Mongolian family in the village of Tumut Left Banner Tabu in Inner Mongolia. Although he is a Mongolian, unlike his peers, he likes to read since childhood. In 1919, when the May Fourth Movement broke out and its influence soon spread throughout the country, the 13-year-old Ulanf was studying at the Tumut Higher School, and he actively participated in the student movement, becoming one of the outstanding representatives of the "early awakened Mongolian youth".
In 1923, at the age of 17, Ulan Fu went to the Peking Mongolian-Tibetan School to study, and under the influence and guidance of Li Dazhao, Deng Zhongxia and other Communists, he joined the Marxist research group and joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League. At the age of 18, Ulanf and the progressive youth of his fellow villagers founded the first Mongolian revolutionary publication in Inner Mongolia, "Inner Mongolian Peasants", which had a deep influence. The following year, under the introduction of Dosong Nian, Ulanf joined the Communist Party of China. The young Ulanf revolutionary enthusiasm was very high, was recognized by the party organization, was soon sent to the Soviet Union Moscow Sun Yat-sen University to study, in the Soviet Union 4 years of study and life, he has a deeper understanding of Marxist thought, strengthened the confidence of leading his people to follow the Chinese Communist Party to achieve national liberation. In order to realize this wish, he ignored the severe situation of the white terror in the country at that time, gave up the stable and comfortable translation work, and resolutely demanded to return to China to work. Finally, in 1929, Ulan fu returned to the western region of Inner Mongolia to carry out underground revolutionary struggle, mainly responsible for organizing peasant associations and mobilizing mass forces. Overcoming all the dangers of arrest by the Kuomintang, he led the formation of the Simon Committee of the Communist Party of China, actively developing Communist Party members among the masses of the people and propagating communist ideas. In order to win the support of the Mongol military forces, he also ventured deep into the Mongol troops, and under his influence, many Mongol officers and soldiers joined the Communist Party and accumulated strength for the future armed struggle.
In 1931, the "918 Incident" broke out, and after Japan invaded and occupied the three eastern provinces, it extended the clutches of the invasion to the Inner Mongolia region. To this end, the leader of the Japanese army, Yoshio Shinozuka, led the way and actively contacted prince Demuchuk Donglupu , the leading figure of the Mongolian nobility, in an attempt to turn Inner Mongolia into a second "Mongolian state". For the sake of his political ambitions, the King decided to cooperate with the Japanese. Upon hearing this news, Ulanf actively persuaded the German king to put the interests of the country first and not to be a sinner who betrayed the country. However, the King of Germany did not heed the advice. In order to defend Inner Mongolia, Ulanfu took advantage of the opportunity of his brother-in-law Yun Jixian to work in the Dewang Security Brigade and actively do a good job in the persuasion and education of the security team. Taking advantage of the situation, Ulan Fu immediately rushed to produce leaflets to further expose the act of the German king's surrender to the sun, and then prompted Fu Zuoyi to agree to secretly receive the riot team. At this time, the underground party members sent information that the Dewang agents should attack first, and finally on February 21, 1936, they led more than 1,000 People of the Dewang Security Brigade to launch the Lark Temple Uprising.
King of Virtue
From 1939 to 1941, the new Third Division of the National Revolutionary Army, which was reorganized from the original security corps, had gradually expanded to more than 3,000 people, with two infantry regiments and a cavalry regiment under its jurisdiction, mainly composed of Mongolians, commanded by Ulan Fu and division commander Bai Haifeng, who repeatedly repelled the attacks of the Japanese puppet army on the Yikezhao League, guarding the Yellow River defense line of more than 20 miles from east to west, and the new third division defended the northern gate of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, which was praised by the central government as "the most advanced and largest anti-Japanese contingent of the Inner Mongolian nation."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > went to the meeting alone and dismantled the pseudo-"republic"</h1>
In 1941, according to the arrangements of the CPC Central Committee, Ulanfu came to Yan'an to work, serving as the chairman of the Ethnic Affairs Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government and the chief education officer of the Yan'an Nationalities College. From 1943 onwards, Ulan fu was appointed to work for the Mongols in the United Front Work Department of the Northwest Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China, and in June 1945 he was elected as an alternate member of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Ulan fu served as the chairman of the Mengsui government, and also served as the secretary of the Inner Mongolia Working Committee of the CPC and a member of the Jin-Cha-Ji Central Bureau of the CPC, and returned to Inner Mongolia to continue his revolutionary work.
After the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, a political crisis arose in Inner Mongolia. In September 1945, a so-called "Provisional Government of the Republic of Inner Mongolia" appeared in the Right Banner of Sunit, headed by the two-faced Supplementary Yingda Gan of Ulanfu, whose members were very complex, including some princes and nobles, upper echelons, and a group of young Mongolian intellectuals. Faced with such a situation, the central authorities instructed Ulanf to coordinate the solution of this problem. For the sake of safety, Nie Rongzhen, then secretary of the Jin-Cha-Ji Central Bureau, suggested that Ulan fu lead part of the army. However, Ulanf decided to go to the Right Banner of Sunit to negotiate with the other side, he believed that the same Mongols, although going alone would be dangerous, but in line with the mongolian's bold character, but also showed the sincerity of solving the problem, this risk is worth taking.
In October of that year, Ulan Fu brought only a few retinues to the Right Banner of Sunit, and he was sympathetic and reasonable to Indah, but Indah ignored the fate of his brother-in-law King De, and insisted on going his own way, saying to Ulanf: "The provisional government that we have just established to represent the interests of our Mongols should not be destroyed by anyone. ”。 In this regard, Ulanf retorted on the grounds. After seeing that The Supplementary Yingda was stubborn and stubborn, Ulanfu turned to the young Mongolian students, widely publicized the Cpc's policy of national equality among these people, held a forum for Mongolian youth, rationally analyzed the current situation in Inner Mongolia, pointed out that separatist acts were unfavorable to the national liberation of Inner Mongolia and the victory of the national revolution, and pointed out that supplementing Yingda was a traitor and was still wanted, so how could he be the chairman? He also took out the list of traitors in the Jin-Cha-Ji Daily as evidence, and proposed a re-election of the provisional government. After the re-election, Ulanf was elected chairman of the "Provisional Government", and on the third day of his term of office, he ordered the cessation of notices in the name of this "government" and the cessation of activities. At the same time, instructions were sought from the Central Committee to prepare for the establishment of an organization to lead the autonomy movement in order to carry out its work. With the establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement Federation, this "provisional government" successfully withered away. Premier Zhou Enlai was very touched when he talked about Ulanf's heroic act in the future, believing that Ulanf "went to the meeting with a single knife, and he was able to take only a few people to wage an all-round struggle against the "government" that engaged in separatist activities without regard to his personal safety, and won victory. ”
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="11" > unify East and West Mongolia and form the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region</h1>
Ulanfu brought the western part of Inner Mongolia under the umbrella of the Chinese Communist Party, but the situation in Inner Mongolia is still relatively grim. After the surrender of Japan to the collapse of the former Japanese puppet regime, the Xing'an League in the eastern part of Inner Mongolia established the so-called East Mongolia Autonomous Government, which had its own army and advocated leading Inner Mongolia by itself and practicing "clan domain" type autonomous rule. At the beginning of 1946, when the troops of the Hebei Reliao Military Region wanted to enter the Zhaowuda League, they were blocked by the Fourth Division of the East Mongolian Autonomous Army, and a dispute broke out between the two sides, and the possession of two inner Mongolian regional regimes, especially the existence of a local autonomous government that tried to engage in separatism, was obviously unacceptable to the Party Central Committee. Therefore, Ulanf, who had just calmed down the "Provisional Government of the Republic of Inner Mongolia", was once again entrusted with the important task of being entrusted by the Party Central Committee to solve the problem of the ASEAN Autonomous Government. On April 3, 1946, the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement Federation led by Ulanf and the East Mongolian Autonomous Government decided to hold a meeting in Chengde, with seven representatives from each side participating.
The main purpose of this meeting was to seize the political leadership of Inner Mongolia in the future, and at this meeting, using his political prestige, Ulan Fu showed superb negotiation skills and political coordination ability, and finally persuaded TemurBagan, the main representative of the East Mongolian Autonomous Government, member and minister of economy, to promote the success of the negotiations and determine that Inner Mongolia must implement unified regional ethnic autonomy under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. The two sides decided to abolish the East Mongolia Autonomous Government and establish the Xing'an Provincial Government and the East Mongolia General Branch of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Movement Federation. On April 3, 1947, the Inner Mongolia People's Congress was held in Ulanhot, attended by 392 delegates from the East and West Mongolian League Flags. At the meeting, Ulanfu announced: The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Government was formally established, and Ulanfu was elected as the chairman, which is china's first ethnic minority autonomous region, and its establishment even predates the founding of New China more than two years ago. After the founding of New China, at the suggestion of Ulanfu, Chahar Province and Rehe Province were included in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Later, parts of Gansu were transferred to Inner Mongolia, realizing the situation of unification of Inner Mongolia.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="14" > outstanding meritorious service, and was awarded the rank of founding general by exception</h1>
From the establishment of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 1947 to 1949, Ulanfu successively served as the secretary of the Inner Mongolia Working Committee of the CPC, the chairman of the People's Government of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the commander and political commissar of the Inner Mongolia Military Region, and the member of the Northeast Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, providing a solid rear guarantee for fighting the war of liberation. After the founding of new China, Ulanf was mainly committed to local construction work and did not participate in the 1952 military cadre rating work. According to the 1955 conferment regulations, Ulanf did not meet the conditions for conferring titles. However, considering that Ulanfu is an outstanding representative of the revolutionary struggle in Inner Mongolia, and it is precisely because he almost single-handedly prevented inner Mongolia's attempt to split off from the territory of the motherland, which has been highly affirmed by the Party Central Committee, the Central Military Commission has made an exception and decided to unify Ulanfu as the commander and political commissar of the Inner Mongolia Military Region to obtain the rank of founding general.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Ulanf worked in Inner Mongolia for a long time, committed to safeguarding national unity and developing the economy, and did his best to help other parts of the country. In the early 1960s, in order to alleviate the malnutrition of children in orphanages in the southern region, in order to solve this problem, Kang Keqing, the director of the National Women and Children's Department, wanted to transfer some milk powder from Inner Mongolia to the children. When Ulanf came to Beijing, Kang Keqing told Ulanfu about the children' situation, hoping that Ulanfu would lend a helping hand to save the children. Ulanf advocated sending these children to Inner Mongolia for adoption, because the grassland herders liked the children very much and would take good care of them. In this way, from 1960 to 1963, three thousand orphans and children came to Inner Mongolia from the south, and they were well taken care of in Inner Mongolia.
In 1983, Ulanf was elected vice president and left Inner Mongolia. In August 1987, he led a central delegation to the celebration of the 40th anniversary of the founding of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, which was his last return to Inner Mongolia, and he was welcomed by the people of Inner Mongolia. After paying homage to the mausoleum of the Mongolian hero Genghis Khan, Ulan Fu said to the surrounding crowd with emotion: "I will come back." However, Ulanf failed to deliver on his promise, and on December 8, 1988, Ulanf died of illness at the age of 82.
In order to maintain the stability and unity of the country, he braved hardships and dangers, single-handedly went deep into the tiger's den, single-handedly dismantled the plot to try to split Inner Mongolia, and reunified Inner Mongolia, so that some people called him the "last khan" of the Mongolians. It is worth mentioning that "Ulanf" means "son of red" in Mongolian. From his beginnings, three generations of grandchildren are excellent Communist Party members, Ulan fu needless to say, officials to vice presidents, his eldest son Buhe and granddaughter Bu Xiaolin also worked in Inner Mongolia for a long time, Buhe single-handedly created the "Ulan Pastoral Horse" in 1953, performing mobile performances throughout Inner Mongolia, with a variety of functions of "performance, propaganda, counseling, and service", enriching the cultural needs of the vast number of herdsmen, once served as the leader of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region government, and finally to the vice state level, Ulanfu's granddaughter Bu Xiaolin also fought steadily and steadily all the way, all the way to promotion. He served as the chairman of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Government. Three generations of the Ulanf family have created the legend of the red family in Chinese politics!