Zhang Xiao, Zi Boying, No. Youshi. Born in 1886 in Tiemen Town, Xin'an, Henan, he is an elder of the Xinhai Revolution, a famous patriot, and a person who loves Jinshi. Zhang Binglin once used an ancient seal to title the "Thousand Tang Zhi zhai", and the tail of the poem said: "Xin'an Zhang Boying, the Tang people's epitaph thousand pieces, because of the name of the zhai, belongs to Zhang Binglin's book." ”
In Zhang Xiao's former residence, Zhang Binglin's calligraphy is not yet the most cattle fork ink treasure, there is also Kang Youwei's inscription "Sting Lu" plaque, and Kang Fuzi's "Room for Listening to Incense and Reading Paintings" in the garden is not a bull fork; because in one bedroom, there is a shou gong written by Chiang Kai-shek for Zhang Jun's mother.
In the early years of the Republic of China, Zhang Xiao was an incredible figure, and only a few people such as Yu Youren could match his qualifications. Zhang Xiao was known as a "child prodigy" in his childhood, and when he was punished by a private school with the title of "Rotten wood cannot be carved", he began with the title of "Those who carve decaying wood, also mediocre craftsmen!" The opening sentence hit back.
At the age of 21, Zhang Xiao entered the artillery department of the Baoding Army's Accelerated School, and one of his classmates was Jiang Zhiqing from Xikou Town, Fenghua, Zhejiang, and Jiang Zhiqing was the later Chiang Kai-shek. Going to school is, Jiang lives on the upper bunk, Zhang on the lower bunk. Another of Zhang's classmates, named Yuan Shikun, was Yuan Shikai's younger brother. Of the 1,200 students in the school, only 72 joined the League, and Zhang was one of the first to join (1908).
After graduating from the Baoding Army Accelerated School, Zhang Xiao served in the Zhang Fengxiang Department of the Shaanxi New Army, and in July 1911, he swore an oath against the Qing at the Big Wild Goose Pagoda in Xi'an with more than 30 backbone members of the Shaanxi League and the Brotherhood of the Elderly. Four years later, he went to Tianjin to conspire with Guo Yansheng and others against Yuan, and was responsible for the military organization activities of Shaanxi and Henan provinces to discuss Yuan. In August 1918, he was promoted to deputy commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi Jingguo Army in Sanyuan, Shaanxi, and two years later the ministry was incorporated by the Beiyang government.
In 1921, during the period when Zhang Xiao was buried by his father and returned home from the Jingguo Army in Shaanxi Province, he funded Xin'an County to set up a county chronicle bureau, continue to compile the county chronicle, and founded the Tiemen Primary School, founded a coal mining company, and mined local coal mines. Zhang Xiao and Kang Youwei met at Wu Peifu's fiftieth birthday banquet, and the two had a great hatred for seeing each other and hating each other.
When Kang Youwei left Luoyang for Shaanxi, he recommended Zhang Xi to Wu Peifu, saying that he was quick-witted, knowledgeable, knowledgeable, and worthy of great use. In the autumn of that year, Kang Youwei was lecturing in Xi'an, and once again came to the Zhangjia Garden in Tiemen Town, and wrote down a plaque of "Jielu" and a pair of Yang Lian: "Pill mud wants to seal the purple qi still exists in Guan Lingyin; chiseled and destroyed the Cola Bating Who knows the old general." ”
In this couplet, Shanglian compares Zhang Xiao to Guan Lingyin of the Tao Te Ching for Lao Tzu, regarding himself as a Taoist LaoZi, and Xia Lian is more like Zhang Xiao than the Han Dynasty general Shen Shooting Li Guang, hinting at his situation and wishing him a comeback. Kang also left here seven sentences and eight verses of the poem "Su Tiemen" and the text of the "Production Monument", which was carved in stone and embedded in the Qiantang Zhizhai.
In the autumn of 1928, the Nanjing government appointed Zhang Xiao as the director of the Henan Provincial Construction Department and the chairman of the Provincial Relief Committee, during which the 1930 drought in Henan coincided with the three disasters of soldiers, bandits and droughts in western Henan, and he sat in Luoyang and Kaifeng, and the disaster victims from all over the world flocked to Zhou Ji and won the praise of the people.
During the Battle of the Central Plains, Zhang Xiao was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to dismantle Feng Yuxiang's troops as chairman of the Henan Provincial Government and commander-in-chief of the 20th Road of the Rebel Army, and Sun Dianying's troops were known to Feng. Feng Yuxiang sent a telegram asking Sun Dianying to shoot Zhang On the spot, and when Chiang Kai-shek learned of this, he sent a telegram to Sun Dianying asking for 100,000 oceans to redeem Zhang. Feng Yuxiang called again and gave 200,000 quick shots to execute Zhang Xiao. The price was raised on both sides, and Zhang Xiao's head quickly rose to 600,000, and in the end Chiang Kai-shek had more money and saved Zhang Xiao, while Zhang Xiao called the wind and rain in Feng Jun, showed great means, and won over Ji Hongchang, Wan Xuancai, and Liu Zhenhua to throw 100,000 horses and horses to Jiang, and finally Feng Yuxiang was defeated.
In August 1930, Chiang Kai-shek again appointed Zhang Wei as the director of the Civil Affairs Department of Henan Province, because Zhang Xiao's troops were all new green forests and knifemen, which was difficult to convince the public. Zhang Xiao reorganized his unit into 6 brigades of the 75th and 76th Divisions of the Army, and educated these green forest high-rollers into the armed forces of the state, so he was jokingly called the old thief head of the Central Plains.
In 1933, Zhang Wei garrisoned Luoyang and assigned special personnel to search for more than 1,000 stone carvings such as Tang Dynasty epitaphs, and transported them to his hometown of Tiemen Jiulu to build a thousand Tang Zhizhai . Most of the zhi stones hidden by the Qiantang Zhizhai are from the Luoyang Beiqi, and the tombs of countless powerful people have been stolen and excavated, while the heavy Zhishi stones have been scattered and abandoned in the folk farmhouses, and they are used for washing and pounding cloth, stepping on the well and building stones.
Although Mr. Zhang Xiao was a soldier, he had a special love for Jinshi calligraphy and painting, and from 1920 he accepted the suggestion of Wang Guangqing, a well-known scholar, educator and Xin'an person, to search for epitaph stone carvings through the Luoyang stele sticker Guo Yutang and other extensive searches, and built a zhai in the western corner of the Jinglu And inlaid and preserved. This large-scale collection has collected more than 80% of the excavated stones from the Northern Qi.
More than 1,000 Tang Dynasty epitaphs embedded in the Qiantang Zhizhai reproduce the vicissitudes of the Tang Empire in the past 300 years, because the epitaphs are mostly written by contemporaries and have a more reliable authenticity, so it can play a role in witnessing history, supplementing history, and correcting history. Many epitaphs, the content is more specific, more detailed and more complete than the "Two Tang Books", providing irreplaceable first-hand information for future generations to explore and study the society of the Tang Dynasty, and is known as a "stone carved Book of Tang".
"Qiantang Zhizhai" is also a temple of calligraphy art, with the Song Dynasty Shuyuan's "Yang Lian", the Yuan Dynasty Zhao Mengfu's "Shinto Stele", the Ming Dynasty Dong Qichang's horizontal long scroll, and the Ming and Qing Dynasty "Shenbi Wang Duo" huge nave, as well as Wang Chunqian's ingenious "finger painting" Orchid Grass and Zheng Banqiao's "Wind and Rain Yin Qing Bamboo Posture Four-State Screen" and inscription.
It is worth mentioning that the "Epitaph of Yuan Gongyu of the Xiangzhou Assassination History" written by Di Renjie in his later years is also hidden here. The only Korean epitaph in the country, Gao Xuan, and the only Tang Dynasty gold epitaph seen, are also hidden here.
In June 1934, the construction project of Qiantang Zhizhai was about to be completed, coinciding with the seventieth birthday of Zhang Xiao's mother, Mrs. Wang, and the republic of China politicians and local officials, social elites, and old friends flocked to Tiemen to celebrate the birthday, the most notable of which was the birthday written by Chiang Kai-shek for Zhang Xiao's mother: "The Seventy Birthday Order of Mrs. Zhang Mu Wang".
The shou order was engraved and copied in stone that year, a total of two pieces, more than two zhang long, embedded in the wall of the eleventh cave of Qiantang Zhizhai and placed in the same room as Zhang Ziwen's epitaph, except for a slight damage to the signature, the rest is intact. In her later years, Mrs. Wang lived in the Mansion of Zhang Zhuo in Xi'an, and every birthday, Chiang Kai-shek, Lin Sen and other important people of the Republic of China must have birthday letters delivered.
Later, Zhang Was transferred to the Vice President of the Military Senate and moved to Xi'an with his family without taking office. In 1942, when henan was a catastrophe, Zhang Xiao once again led the organization of disaster relief, opened a porridge factory, rescued refugees from Henan who fled to Shaanxi, and solved the problem of food and housing for refugee children and teachers and students who moved to Xi'an of Henan University.
After 1949, Zhang Xiao moved to Chengdu, served as the deputy director of the Central Museum of Culture and History of New China and a member of the Second National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and from 1960 wrote a memoir of about 300,000 words, "Forty Years of Wind and Rain". In May 1966, Zhang Died of Illness in Beijing.
There is no doubt that "Qiantang Zhizhai" is Zhang Zhen, a soldier on the battlefield who has been a horseman all his life, and a treasure trove of gold and stone left for future generations.
(Content Editor: Wu Jia Image source: Network)
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