Over zero Ding Yang
Song Wen Tianxiang
After a hard encounter, the stars fell around.
The mountains and rivers are broken and the wind is fluttering, and the life is floating and raining.
The panicked beachhead said trepidation, zero Ding Yang sighed zero Ding.
Life since ancient times who has not died, leave Dan heart to sweat and blue!
Zero Ding Yang is under the Zero Ding Mountain outside the mouth of the Pearl River in Guangdong, and to the west is Yashan Mountain, the seat of the Exiled Government of the Southern Song Dynasty. The great national hero Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured in December 1278 at Wupoling, north of Haifeng County, Guangdong. The following year, the commander of the Yuan army, Zhang Hongfan, crossed the sea to attack Yashan and forced Wen Tianxiang to write a letter to summon Zhang Shijie, a general of the Southern Song Dynasty. These Seven Laws are Wen Tianxiang's solemn reply. From this poem, we can see that the author's personal and national destiny is closely related to his determination to die for the country.
Wen Tianxiang was awarded the title of Emperor Himself in the first year of the Reign of Emperor Baoyou of the Song Dynasty (1256), which was a great honor for intellectuals who were deeply influenced by Confucianism. The word "encounter" in the first sentence contains the meaning of being known to the emperor. However, the day Wen Tianxiang came out, the country was in the autumn of critical survival. The Mongol rulers continued to invade, and the Southern Song Dynasty regime was in jeopardy, so the poem begins with a deep mood to show that it was in the face of national difficulties, through the examination of Confucian classics and entered the political arena. The second sentence refers to the fact that in 1275, the Yuan army approached the Southern Song capital Lin'an, and Wen Tianxiang recruited 30,000 soldiers from his hometown of Jiangxi to come to the rescue, until 1278, when the soldiers were defeated and captured, and they spent four years with the Yuan army in a desolate and cold war environment. The first link outlines the poet's decades of ups and downs. The two figurative metaphors used to illustrate the hardships of state affairs and the pain of personal encounters: the fierce wind blew willows in the air, which is a true portrayal of the fragmentation of mountains and rivers in the Southern Song Dynasty; the torrential rain hit the duckweed on the water, symbolizing that he was floating everywhere and preparing for hardship. Using the rhetorical technique of "double pun", the neck link specifically recounts two unforgettable experiences of the poet in the anti-Yuan war: in 1277, he was defeated by the Yuan army in an empty pit near Ji'an County, Jiangxi, his wife and children were captured, and the soldiers were scattered, so he had to retreat from the panic beach to Tingzhou, Fujian, and the place where he was now detained was also known as Zero Ding Yang. These "trepidations" and "zero Ding" are not only place names, but also can be used as a portrayal of the poet's state of mind, effectively expressing the deep feelings of the country being broken and the family dying, and the loneliness and hardship. Using the technique of "excite questioning", the poet passionately issued a solemn vow to die and martyr the country at a time when the state affairs were in danger. The questions are thought-provoking, and the answers are cut to the point. He will leave a sincere and faithful heart shining in the annals of history, for thousands of generations, forever shining! In ancient times, the history of blue bamboo was recorded, and the bamboo was briefly roasted by fire and evaporated into a sweat-like water vapor before it could be used, so it was called "sweat green".
The most prominent feature of this poem is that it closely links personal experience with the fate of the country, thus powerfully showing the poet's strong national integrity. Coupled with the high degree of generalization, vivid image metaphor, ingenious wind pass and other skillful use of artistic means, the whole poem presents a tragic and majestic mood, giving the reader a strong infection.
