It was painted on December 1, 1958 in Wuchang, Hubei Province
Horizontal eyebrow cold to the thousand fingers;
Bow down to the cow.
Mao Zedong handwriting
In 1958, the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was held in Wuchang, and the Red Line Women's Troupe was invited to perform for the plenary session. After the performance, when Mao Zedong and other leading comrades took the stage to meet the cast members, the Red Line Woman asked Mao Zedong to write a few words to her, and Mao Zedong happily agreed. That night, Mao Zedong wrote this excerpt. The next day Mao Zedong asked the staff to hand over the union to the Red Line Woman. Mao Zedong also wrote a quotation-like passage at the front of the verse: "In 1958, in Wuchang, the female comrade of the red line said to me, write a few words to me, I hope. I said: Okay. Because write as right. Final payment: "Mao Zedong, December 1, 1958."
This joint recording is from "Appreciation of the Chinese Couplet" edited by Yu Zhangrui and Yu Dongdong, People's Daily Publishing House, May 1989, page 84; also in the "Selected Handwritten Writings of Mao Zedong" compiled by the Central Archives, Beijing Publishing House, 1993, p. 203 (the original is stored in the Central Archives).
Red Line Female Stills
exegesis
1. [Red Line Female] Born in 1927, from Kaiping, Guangdong. Formerly known as Kwong Kin Lien, a famous Cantonese opera actor. In 1939, he studied Cantonese opera with his aunt Ho Fu Lian. During the fall of Guangzhou, he performed with the Ma Shi Zeng Troupe throughout Guangxi. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he studied Peking Opera in Hong Kong for three years, sought advice from vocal music experts, and absorbed film expression techniques, made great progress in drama, and performed in Hong Kong, Macao, Vietnam, Singapore and Malaysia. In 1952, he organized the Zhenshanmei Theater Troupe, performing "The History of Hatred in the Qing Palace", "Zhaojun Out of the Plug", "The Merchant of Venice" and so on. He has filmed more than 70 films such as "Home", "Spring", "Autumn", "Thunderstorm" and so on. In 1955, he went from Hong Kong to Guangzhou and joined the Guangdong Cantonese Opera Troupe, which is a unique "female cavity" in art. The role of the woman she plays has a great impact. He has visited many countries abroad, and in 1957, he sang "Zhaojun Out of the Jam" at the 6th World Youth Festival in Moscow, and won the gold medal in the classical music competition. He has successively served as the president of Guangdong Cantonese Theatre, the vice chairman of the Guangdong Branch of the Chinese Dramatists Association, a member of the Second National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, a representative of the Third and Fourth National People's Congresses, and the general director of the Guangzhou Cantonese Opera Troupe.
2. [Horizontal eyebrow] Glaring.
3, [cold pair] cold eyes, ruthless and right. Express extreme hatred and contempt.
4. [Thousands] refers to the common enemy of the people. 5. [孺子] originally means toddler. The word "widow" here refers to the proletariat and the broad masses of the people. The cow of the widow refers to the cow of the people. The story of the widow cow comes from the "Zuo Chuan , The Sixth Year of the Duke of Sorrow": "Bao Zi said: 'Ru forgot jun's widow cow and broke its teeth? And back! "It is about Qi Jinggong's beloved son, who installs a cow himself, takes a rope from his mouth, and lets the child ride." The child fell and ripped off his teeth. Lu Xun compared himself to the "cow" of the proletariat and the masses of the people, saying: "I am like a cow, eating grass and squeezing out milk and blood. Here, Lu Xun further sublimated this allusion and gave him new life.
6. [Bowing down to Gan as a widow cow] Qing Dynasty Hong Liangji's "Beijiang Poetry" Volume 1: Tongli Qian Xiucai "has three sons, spoiled too much, and does not order to go to school." After the meal, I will lead and play, but I am afraid that it is not the right intention. Taste its pillar Theyun 'drunk or transformed into a butterfly, and the rice is full of sweets for the cattle'. Lu Xun pointed out the lower link of this link, so there was "bowing down to the cow of the widow.". This couplet is from Lu Xun's Self-Deprecating. The full text of the poem reads: "What did you want to do with Hua Gai, but did not dare to turn over and have already met." Broken hats cover the city, leaking boats carrying wine in the middle stream. Horizontal eyebrows cold to the thousand fingers, bowing down to the cow. Hide in a small building and unify him, and manage his winter, summer, and spring and autumn. ”
Appreciation
The league is an excerpt. The original poem was composed by Lu Xun. Mao Zedong greatly appreciated Lu Xun's works, and in addition to giving the above couplets to others many times, he also wrote other poems of Lu Xun many times to send to visiting foreign friends, which shows that Mao Zedong regarded Lu Xun as the pride of Chinese literati.
Red Line Female Art Photo
Lu Xun was often oppressed under the white terror, and in order to avoid the tracking and persecution of the reactionaries, he covered his face with a broken hat when he passed through the downtown. That's it, the situation is still very dangerous, like a leaking boat sailing in a stream of water with wine, and if you are not careful, you will sink. In such a dangerous environment, Lu Xun adopted a resolute attitude of never compromising, and used his fighting pen to struggle against the reactionary forces. Mao Zedong once said: "Lu Xun's two poems, 'Horizontal eyebrows cold to a thousand fingers, bowing down to the cow', should become our motto." The opening of the couplet shows people a pair of extremely severe "horizontal eyebrows", which is already intimidating, followed by a "cold pair", a cold face, so who is he so cold and serious? People not only have to ask, but they are "thousands", thieves, small groups, and enemies. Lu Xun's original poem, titled "Self-Deprecation," was written in the midst of the Kuomintang's white terror. At that time, the Kuomintang not only frantically "encircled and suppressed" the red base areas militarily, but also suppressed and attacked revolutionary culture and revolutionary literati in the cultural field. They threatened, followed, and persecuted Lu Xun, the standard-bearer of the revolution. These thieves, small groups, and enemies want Lu Xun to "die without illness." Under such background conditions, in the face of the "Thousand Husbands" point, Lu Xun was not afraid, and still "crossed his eyebrows and was cold", showing Lu Xun's revolutionary qualities of not being afraid in the face of danger.
The lower link has adopted a posture that is diametrically opposite to the upper link, first "bowing down" very humbly, which is already an extremely elegant attitude, and then continuing with "willing to do it", is it willing to do it, what to do? Be a "baby cow". Here, "widows" refers to the broad masses of the people, and "widow cattle" are the cattle of the masses of the people. The upper link "horizontal eyebrow cold pair" and the lower link 'bow down and be willing to be" are opposite, and the level and servant are harmonious and the battle is neat, which is extremely appropriate. "Thousand Fingers" and "Widow Cows" are opposites, and the use of the dictionary is accurate, profound, and poetic. The All-Union is the opposite, the right and wrong are clear, and the hatred of the enemy and the love for the people are extremely clear. It reflects Lu Xun's consistent thinking and style.
Red Line Woman
As early as the period of the War of Resistance Against Japan, Mao Zedong had a set of "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" published in Shanghai in 1938, in which he carefully read both new and old poems. In 1950, Mao Zedong also read the poems in Lu Xun's works "Jiwai Ji" and "Collecting The Remains of Jiwai Collection" published by the People's Literature Publishing House. In 1959, the line-bound edition of Lu Xun's Collected Poems engraved by the Cultural Relics Publishing House collected 47 poems and 54 poems, which Mao Zedong read from beginning to end. Mao Zedong not only read Lu Xun's books himself, but also called on everyone to "read a little Lu Xun."
Mao Zedong's love for Lu Xun and His works mainly came from Lu Xun's fearless fighting spirit toward the enemy and from the pride of brave fighting in Lu Xun's works. Mao Zedong's gift of this couplet to the Red Line Woman is to demand that the vast number of literary and art workers learn from Lu Xun, have a clear distinction between love and hatred, treat the enemy with "horizontal eyebrows and cold pairs," and treat the masses of the people as diligent and honest "cattle."