Hong Chengyu (洪承域), also spelled Yan Yan (字彦演), was born in the 21st year of the Ming Dynasty.19
According to the "Epitaph of Hong Chengzu", Hong Chengzu's ancestor, whose original surname was Chen, served as a prince during the tang Xuanzong period, and was later persecuted by the powerful minister Li Linfu and demoted to Fujian.
At the end of the Tang Dynasty and the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the Chen family, which had experienced a trough of 14 generations, rose again, and its family leader Chen Hongjin was the former Southern Tang Qingyuan Army Jiedushi Envoy.
In 978, Chen Hongjin took the initiative to surrender, and emperor Taizong of Song, who was overjoyed, gave him a duke as a reward.
Unfortunately, after several generations, the Chen family fell again, and finally could only change Erlang's surname to the Hong family to survive.
Since then, until the beginning of Hong Chengyu, the Hong family has been hovering in the middle and lower classes of society.
Of course, historical records also record that Hong Chengzu's father was The Bingbu Shangshu and the Right Deputy Governor of the Inspectorate, but their titles were entirely given by Hong Chengzu.
Because at that time, Hong Chengzu was a soldier and strategist who was highly valued in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it was enough to reverse the rise and fall of the dynasty.
This can be seen from the fact that Hong Chengzu led an army to duel with Emperor Taiji against Songjin, and in 1653 he was ordered by the Qing court to do military affairs in five provinces.
Hong Wen-hyun Images
(Note: In the Battle of Songjin, the last elite field army of the Ming army was lost, and from then on, western Liaoning basically belonged to the Manchu Qing, laying the foundation for Dorgon's entry into the pass; in 1653, Zhu Youluo, a descendant of the remnants of the former Great Western Army who started with Yungui, was the emperor of the Northern Expedition to the Manchu Qing.) The Qing army was repeatedly defeated, not only folding the two famous kings in a row, but even the fierce Wu Sangui was beaten to the end. At that time, Zheng Chenggong on the fujian coast also planned to go south to cooperate with the Great Western Army against the Qing. If the situation was in danger, some people in the upper echelons of the Qing Dynasty even suggested abandoning the six provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, Qian, Guangdong, Gansu, and Xiang. Hong Chengzu was ordered to withstand the pressure for 7 years, and finally broke the Ming army. In 1662, Wu Sanguisheng, who had entered Burma, took advantage of the victory to capture the Yongli Emperor and then hang him.)
Interestingly, when it comes to Hong Chengzuo, the most talked about at the time is one of his affairs: Princess Zhuang's "beauty plan" to lure Hong Chengzuo down.
In fact, this statement is not recorded in other historical materials except for the "History of the Qing Dynasty".
Moreover, the Manchu Qing Dynasty during the Emperor Taiji's reign was quite deep, and she paid more attention to the ethics of Gangchang; in addition, Concubine Zhuang had already given birth to the later Shunzhi Emperor Fulin, and with her honorable status, she would not come to visit alone.
Princess Zhuang, of the Borzigit clan, was known as Bumubutai
So, why did Hong Chengzu surrender to the Qing Dynasty?
The "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty" once recorded such a historical material, to the effect that when Fan Wencheng, a Han Chinese who had descended to the Qing Dynasty in the early years, advised Hong Chengzuo to surrender, the dust of the fangliang suddenly fell on the sleeve of Hong Chengzuo's coat, and Hong Chengzuo brushed away while talking. When Fan Wencheng saw this situation, he immediately returned to Emperor Taiji, "If you promise that you will not die, you will regret your clothes, but what about your body?" ”
Indeed, Hong Chengzuo did not have the will to die.
Born into a soldier, he was knowledgeable, pragmatic and fierce, and from the time of pursuing and suppressing the rebel army, he was determined to rule the country and the world.
The Battle of Songjin, if he followed his steady military strategy of advancing step by step, even if he could not win, he would not lose miserably.
However, the blind command of the imperial court caused the situation to take a sharp turn for the worse, and finally the war situation in western Liaoning completely collapsed.
Good birds choose trees to roost!
The Chongzhen Emperor was obedient and volatile, politically lawless, miserly and suspicious, and indiscriminately killed ministers, and was extremely immature politically.
This can be seen from the fact that the rebel army has gone from weak to strong and has been unable to extinguish it for many years.
And Huang Taiji?
Judging from his years of military actions and political tactics, this man was steady and generous, and Wen Tao was far above Chongzhen.
Perhaps, assisting the Emperor Taiji can make the world achieve peace as soon as possible.
Ming and Qing territories after the Battle of Songjin
Here, when Emperor Taiji heard Fan Wencheng's reply, he immediately came to Hong Chengyu's place of detention.
Shi Zai, "On the self-seeing, untie the imperial sable coat, said: 'Sir, no chill?' He looked at him for a long time and sighed, "Lord of the True Destiny World!" 'Bow your head and please surrender.' ”
As a result, the sincere heart of Corporal Lixian of the Emperor Taiji touched the wavering Hong Chengyu.