Wei Xiao: (March 6, 1920-August 24, 2008), March 6, 2020, 100th anniversary.
His original name was Wei Hongjie, and his pen name was Red Poplar Tree, a native of Zhengzhou, Henan. He is a member of the Communist Party of China, a contemporary poet, essayist, and novelist. In 1942, his long poem "Landscape of dawn" was awarded the "Lu Xun Literary and Art Prize" by the Jin-Cha-Ji Border Region Literary and Art Circles Federation for successfully expressing the life of the anti-Japanese struggle. On April 11, 1951, the People's Daily published "Who is the Most Lovely Person" caused a wide impact throughout the country. In 1952, he co-authored and published the novella "Long Sky Fury Wind" with Bai Ai, and in 1956, he co-authored the film novel "Red Storm" with Qian Xiaohui. In 1978, he created and completed the novel "Orient" on the theme of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and won the first Mao Dun Literature Award in 1981.
Biography:
Wei Wei was born on March 6, 1920, to a poor urban family in Zhengzhou, Henan. Wei Wei entered a civilian primary school as a teenager, and later enrolled in a rural simple normal school, and when he was 15 years old, his parents died and he made a living by transcribing.
In December 1937, at the age of 17, Wei Wei went from Zhengzhou to join the Eighth Route Army at the Military and Political Cadre School of the 115th Division of the Eighth Route Army in Zhaocheng County, Shanxi Province. The school was later incorporated into the Eighth Route Army Headquarters Camp School.
In 1938, the school was merged into the Yan'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, and Wei Wei was the third batch of cadets. He joined the Communist Party of China in April 1938.
After graduating from the Kang Da, Wei Wei was assigned to the anti-Japanese base area behind enemy lines in Jin-Cha-Ji.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, Wei Wei always served in the combat troops, grew up in the fires of war, and made progress in battle. He formed a strong comradeship with the front-line officers and soldiers day and night, which laid the ideological foundation and life foundation for him to write "Who is the Loveliest Person" later.
On March 19, 1946, Wei Wei and Liu Qiuhua held a warm and simple war wedding.
In April 1949, Wei Wei was appointed political commissar of the 16th Cavalry Regiment of the 6th Cavalry Division of the Jin-Cha-Ji Field Army. This regiment was reorganized from Fu Zuoyi's rebel forces, and the composition was very complicated, some officers and men were not very willing to revolt, and Wei Wei's work in this regiment was very dangerous. Before taking office, he made the worst plan, and handed over the poems he wrote during that period to his friend Sun Li, who worked in the Jin-Cha-Ji Military Region, for safekeeping. Wei Wei once said that he does not die, poetry does not die, and if he does not return, poetry will not die. Later, Sun Li compiled these selected poems of Wei Wei and published Two Years in 1951.
In May 1950, Wei Wei was transferred to the General Political Department and served as the deputy chief of the school's education department and the deputy director of the creative studio. Since then, Wei Wei has left the combat unit, always worked in the headquarters and the theater, and embarked on the leading posts of professional writers and the literary and artistic front.
In 1950, when Wei Wei was transferred to the General Political Department of the People's Liberation Army, it coincided with the outbreak of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and as the cover of the General Political Department's "Who is the Loveliest Person", he was sent to the front line of the army and cultural workers to the front line of the Korean front. Between 1950 and 1958, Wei Wei went to Korea three times.
On April 11, 1951, the People's Daily solemnly launched "Who is the Loveliest Person" on the front page, and Chairman Mao Zedong immediately gave instructions to "print and distribute it to the whole army."
In 1953, Wei Wei began to prepare for the creation of the novel "Orient". He believes that in order to express the great struggle to resist US aggression and aid Korea, only communication reports cannot do so, and only by using the genre of long novels can the historical depth of this great war be fully reflected in the spatial span of the Korean battlefield, domestic construction, factories, and rural areas.
In 1957, Wei Wei participated in the compilation of the History of the North China Liberation War.
In 1978, Wei Wei was appointed Minister of Culture of the Beijing Military Region, and later served as an adviser to the Political Department of the Beijing Military Region and the head of the biography team of Marshal Nie Rongzhen. This period was the period when his literary works flourished.
In 1978, he created and completed the novel "Orient" on the theme of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, and won the first Mao Dun Literature Award in 1983.
On August 24, 2008, Wei Wei died of illness in Beijing.
Literary features:
The ideological view of the work
When Wei Wei was young, he was a poet (pen name Red Poplar Tree) who was nurtured from the Anti-Japanese Base Area in North China, a famous reportage and prose writer in middle age, and a novel "East" and "The Red Ribbon of the Earth" in the new period. Wei Wei's creation runs through socialist and communist ideals and beliefs, the proletarian world outlook, and the outlook on life. At this fundamental point. On the table, Wei Wei expounded and argued in different art forms. At the end of Wei Wei's pen, whether it is the language of poetry, the image and picture of the novel, or the realm and rhetoric of prose, it is always characterized by the clarity, richness and stability of thought, and the richness and luxury of life.
The life reflected in Wei Wei's works is exceptionally broad, with depictions of major events as well as dotting of daily life; There are both praises for the selfless struggle and fierce ambition of heroes, as well as the portrayal of pure love between men and women and the magnificent scenery of the natural world; There is both the glorification of patriotism, collectivism, and socialism, as well as the lashes outcry at money worship, hedonism, and extreme individualism. Majestic and delicate, serious and harmonious, lyrical and philosophical, organically combined in his works, and seen in succession.
reportage
Good at portraying characters in a strong fighting atmosphere, often focusing the lens of art on the spirit of the characters. The moment when it shines with a particularly dazzling light shows the beauty of their thoughts and personalities. In "Days and Nights on both sides of the Han River", the author deleted various secondary branches when describing, and concentrated all the beams on one focus, so that the typical behavior and spirit of the characters burst out, and strengthened and rendered, so that the artistic image was clear and poetic, so these two close-up shots were deeply melted on the reader's heart.
In order to express the ideological beauty and personality beauty of the characters, the author pays attention to absorbing the details of typical significance from life, making meticulous and nuanced descriptions, and expressing the internationalist thoughts and feelings of the soldiers. Detailed choices in Wei Wei's reportage. Attention was paid to the need to focus on both the portrayal of the characters and the revelation of the subject matter.
Strive for personalization in language. According to the different identities, qualifications, cultural qualities, temperament habits, dialects and other factors of the characters, he accurately highlights the "this one" in the language, and strives to make the reader hear his voice as if he were seeing his person. There are many characters in Wei Wei's reportage, but each has a distinct personality, or resolute, or deep, or witty, or lively, their personalities are very different, and their language is also quite individual, and each sentence shows the personality, style, and ideological feelings of different characters with distinct colors. In "Squeeze It Down" the author describes "What's so great about you, you when I don't dare to mess with you?" I'm going to annoy you, you're a tiger, I'm going to pull out your two teeth, you're an elephant, I'm going to rip off your nose! Comrades, stand up a little and watch my movements carefully, if I am so plucked and sacrificed, you will accept my experience and change the way I pull it out. "Such heroic, fearless heroic language. The author does not describe the process of pulling out the mine, but chooses such a passage with great heroism and full of personality characteristics.
poetry
Most of the poems reflect the struggle life of the troops, such as "Ambush", "Knocking on the Door", "Smoke and Smoke, You Shout At Them". There are also depictions of military and civilian fish and exposing enemy atrocities, such as "Good Husband and Wife Song". The strong atmosphere of life and the distinctive fighting style are the common characteristics of these poems, which are like moving customs paintings of the people's war, reminding people of the era of struggle and the era of the awakening of the masses of the people. His political lyric poems took many forms, ranging from short, pithy street poems to letter-like folk songs, to two-sentence or four-sentence neo-grammatical poems. Either way, it is poetic and full of life. Poetry was the earliest weapon wei chose when he used literature and art into battle.
prose
Wei Wei's prose works are directed at questions such as "what kind of person is the most lovely, what kind of feelings are the most sacred, and what kind of youth is the most beautiful". These questions are precisely the most common and concentrated ideological questions that exist in the new Chinese society that have just emerged from the old China and have yet to be answered.
novel
Wei Wei's early novels contained bitter satire and protest against the semi-feudal and semi-colonial society of old China. For example: "Gossamer in the Wild" "Zhensong Withering Cuilu".
In his later works, Wei Wei boldly broke through the forbidden area of the "left" from the perspective of life, and made new explorations in many aspects such as structural layout and character relationship, especially in shaping characters. Wei Wei's lofty vision of history and informative materials are combined with artistic conception. The austerity structure adopted by the work and the reference and development of the ancient chapter and back novel make the plot compact, complex but not chaotic, simple but not ugly.
Main collections of poems:
1． Two years
2． Autumn leaf set
3． Constantly set
4． Selected Poems of Wei Wei
5． Dawn scenery
Main novels:
1． Long sky fury wind
2． Earth's red streamers
3． Fire Phoenix
4． orient
5． Huai Ren Set
6． Volunteer uncle and North Korean girl
7． I love teachers
8． Old smoke pipe
9． Female general
Main essays:
1． My teacher
2． Who is the cutest person
3． Day and night on the south bank of the Han River
4． Cherish other deep feelings
5． Young people, make your youth more beautiful
6． Spring pen
7． Selected Essays by Wei Wei
8． Happy Huawei warriors opened
9． Talk about Mao Zedong
10． Grand set
11． Selected essays by Wei Wei
12． Four-line diary
13． New language silk
Awards:
1． He is a deputy to the First to Third National People's Congress, an honorary member of the China Federation of Literary and Art Circles, an advisor to the Chinese Writers Association, a vice president of the China-DPRK Friendship Association, and the president of the China Liberated Areas Literature Research Association.
2． The essay collection Who is the Cutest Man has been translated into a variety of foreign languages
3． "Orient" in the "Revolutionary War" trilogy won the Mao Dun Literature Award, the first Chinese People's Liberation Army Literature and Art Award, and the first People's Literature Award
4． "The Red Ribbon of the Earth" won the "Road Sign of Life" Award and the People's Literature Award.
Posthumous Commemoration:
The first portrait of Wei Wei on the 61st anniversary of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was placed in The Fengxian Bay Park in Shanghai.
On April 11, 2012, the Wei Wei Memorial Hall in fushouyuan park was opened to the public free of charge, and the name of the museum was written by He Jingzhi, a famous modern poet and playwright. The museum exhibits the wardrobes, desks, clothes and more than 100 precious items that Wei Wei used during his lifetime, as well as handwritten letters written to Wei Wei by Hu Yaobang, former general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, after reading Wei Wei's works.
Three and a half years after Wei Wei's death, his remains returned to his hometown of Henan Province. The unveiling ceremony of wei Wei's tomb burial and memorial statue was held in the Fushouyuan Cemetery in Longhu Town, Xinzheng City, Henan Province.
Character Evaluation:
Wei Wei's whole life has been living in an ideological struggle between the enemy and ourselves. He was not a poet, he was just a warrior. Wei Wei permeates his thoughts, his feelings, and his love and hatred in shaping various heroic characters. From his works, we can see that the soul of the "loveliest person" is so holy. Wei Wei is also worthy of being the "loveliest person" and a bright star in the literary galaxy of their generation. The stars have fallen, but the stars will always remain in people's hearts.
Shaw Fuxing: The time that belonged to them is over
When the writer Xiao Fuxing learned the news of Wei Wei's death, he was overwhelmed with grief. He said that he had met Wei many times at literary events, and that "he always gave people a sense of kindness and approachability."
Xiao Fuxing said that among Wei Wei's many works, "Who is the Most Lovely Person" left the most impressive impression on him. "I remember reading that article when I was still in elementary school and I read it from a textbook. After reading that essay, I was inexplicably moved, and I was amazed that Wei Wei, as a writer, wrote such a touching article. At the same time, Xiao Fuxing believed that the era that belonged to Wei Wei's generation had passed helplessly.
Xu Guixiang: He is the banner of contemporary military literature
In the eyes of the military writer Xu Guixiang, Wei Wei is a person who speaks and behaves very frankly, and he dares to express a distinctive and clear point of view on different occasions.
Xu Guixiang believes that Wei Wei's poetry, novels, essays, and reportage can reflect real life in a timely manner, and is good at skillfully integrating narrative, scene writing, discussion, and lyricism, "Among contemporary military writers, Wei Wei and Liu Baiyu are our banners, and as a latecomer, I have drawn advanced military literary concepts and profound cultural connotations from his works."
Zheng Bonong (President of China Socialist Literature and Art Society)
I began to know Wei Wei after the "Cultural Revolution", half a month ago, I visited Wei Wei in the 301 Hospital, when he was terminally ill due to liver cancer, but his spirit was still very clear. I distinctly remember what he said to me at the time: "I'm stuck in 301 and can't get out!" He was always concerned about the future of the party and the country, and always wanted to do something, although some of his views were debatable. Some people say that he is a red writer, and I remember that he proudly said that he was transparent from the inside out, and that writing and thinking were based on the interests of the people. Wei Wei has always been a warrior throughout his life, and in my opinion, what Wei Wei has pursued all his life in literature is to combine the revolutionary and artistic aspects of literature with a high degree.
Wang Yao (Editor of Selected Essays of Wei Wei, Dean of the School of Literature, Soochow University)
Wei Wei and I did not have direct contact, but because of the relationship between editing his prose collections, I had correspondence with him, and from the letters I could feel his loneliness in his later years, and in the past he was a very well-known writer. Wei Wei has adhered to proletarian writing all his life, although some views are debatable, but I think that the writers and intellectuals of his generation who came out of Yan'an had very complicated experiences after 1949, but no matter what ideals and views they held later, as long as their writing followed the faith, it was worthy of respect. Of all his works, the most well-known is "Who is the Cutest Man", although it is written about the Korean War, but his influence on young people is still very positive, and there are not many traces of political history.
In Wei Wei, he always had the temperament of a revolutionary poet: keen sensibility, full of passion, and in his writings, novels, essays, and communications, there was always a poetic atmosphere: the artistic conception of poetry when conceiving, the language of poetry when writing.
Wei Wei (right) in the Jizhong Plain in 1945.
In 1952, Wei Wei (right) visited Rok Hyun, a model nurse of the Volunteer Army, at the Samdeng Field Hospital in North Korea.
In 1953, Wei Wei was with Korean children on the Korean battlefield.
In 1955, Wei Wei, then deputy director of the General Political Creation Office.
In 1988, Wei Wei (right) interviewed Ma Yuxiang, a heroic warrior he wrote about in "Who is the Loveliest Man" in Zhelimu League, Inner Mongolia.
In October 2000, Wei Wei (right) joined his "cutest man."
In 2006, Wei Wei told his classmates about his "Red Ribbon of the Earth".
Who's the Cutest Man (excerpt)
Every day in Korea, I am touched by something, the tide of my thoughts and feelings, flowing in indulgence. It made me want to tell everything to my friends in my homeland. But what I am most anxious to tell you is an important experience of my thoughts and feelings, which is that I feel more and more deeply who is our loveliest person!
Who is our cutest person? Our troops, our soldiers, I feel they are the loveliest people.
Maybe some people say vaguely in their hearts: Are you talking about those "soldiers"? They seem very ordinary, very simple. It is not obvious that they have any brilliant knowledge, nor that they have rich and meticulous feelings. But I would say that this is because you have so little contact with our warriors that you have not been able to understand that their qualities are so pure and noble, their will is so tenacious and strong, their temperament is so simple and humble, and their bosoms are so beautiful and broad!
Narrator | Wei Wei and his "cutest man"
Source People's Daily
On April 11, 1951, a war newsletter entitled "Who is the Loveliest Person" to resist the United States and aid Korea was published on the front page of people's daily. Mao Zedong's instructions: Print and distribute to the whole army. Later, it was selected as a national secondary school Chinese textbook, which influenced generations of Chinese. The author of this article is Wei Wei.
Writer Wei Wei
Wei Wei, formerly known as Wei Hongjie, a native of Zhengzhou, Henan, was born in 1920. He joined the army at the age of 17, and a year later, graduated from the Yan'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University and was assigned to the anti-Japanese base area behind the enemy lines in Jin-Cha-Ji.
In 1950, the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea broke out. In order to facilitate the political struggle against the enemy, Wei Wei was sent to Korea in December to understand the ideological situation of American prisoners of war. According to the plan, after completing the investigation task, he could return to China, but an inadvertent conversation made Wei Wei change his mind.
In December 1950, Wei Wei went to Korea for the first time
For three months, with guns and bullets raining down and artillery fire, Wei Wei risked his life to complete the interview. After returning to China, he wrote this article "Who is the most lovely person". The article uses three stories to let the people of the whole country know the Chinese People's Volunteer Army. Learned about their purity and nobility, tenacity and fortitude, simplicity and humility. Since then, "the loveliest person" has become synonymous with the people's army and continues to this day.
The theme of "Resisting US Aggression and Aiding Korea" is the most important and lasting creation of wei Wei's many literary works. In addition to the 18 essays included in the "Who is the Loveliest Person", he also spent 20 years creating a novel "Oriental", which won China's first Mao Dun Literature Award in 1982.
On the battlefield, Wei Wei braved artillery fire to record the bravery and fearlessness of the soldiers. In peacetime, his "loveliest people" continue to deepen this theme in a simple and unpretentious way.
On the left is Li Yu'an, and on the right is Wei Wei
In February 1990, an elderly man in his sixties took a disability certificate and a junior high school textbook with "Who is the Loveliest Person" and found the original unit stationed in Baoding, the 38th Army of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He is Li Yu'an, one of the martyrs who "sacrificed" himself on the Korean battlefield mentioned in the article. At this time, 40 years have passed since the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.
After understanding, it was learned that Li Yu'an was rescued from the battlefield by a Korean people's volunteer after being injured, and then he returned to China and became an ordinary worker who watched the grain depot in anonymity. From his recovery to retirement, he has always been diligent and hard-working, and has been rated as an advanced worker in the grain depot 16 times.
Group photo of Wei Wei with the "living martyrs"
In addition, the "living martyr" Jing Yuzhuo in the text, and Ma Yuxiang, who rescued Korean orphans from the fire, were also found. "These people are heroes on the battlefield and have made many outstanding contributions in the construction of the new era." For example, Ma Yuxiang, in order to do a good job in revolutionary education, he has to ride a bicycle to preach more than 200 times a year in various units and schools. ”
In July 2018, on the tenth anniversary of Wei Wei's death, Jiangsu Phoenix Literature and Art Publishing House published Wei Wei's son Wei Meng's newly edited "Who is the Loveliest Person". Li Yu'an, Jing Yuzhuo, Ma Yuxiang, these heroes' post-war stories are included in it. They came from the war years and experienced artillery fire and smoke on the battlefield, with a special mark of the times. But standing at the tide of the new era, these "loveliest people" still shine to this day, and those hard forces are still the source of motivation for the new era.
Huang Shengsu finished.
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