Who made history?
Some say it was created by heroes, some say it was created by the people, and some say it was created by small people. Small people can change history by killing big people, which gives rise to a mysterious and ancient profession - assassins.
The Brotherhood of Assassins in the Ubisoft game Assassin's Creed is based on the medieval Assassin group Hassan, which fought against the Templars for millennia.
The trigger of the First World War was the Sarajevo Incident, in which Archduke Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, was shot and killed by the young Princip of the Serbian ethnic group, which caused the Austro-Hungarian Empire to declare war on Serbia and trigger the First World War.
In Japan, there is a special class - ninja, that is, professional killer, which is said to have originated in China. And one of the most famous assassinations in Chinese history was the Assassination of the King of Qin by Jing Ke.
Two people who love and kill each other
Prince Dan of Yan and Emperor Yingzheng of Qin were both protons when they were children, and as a result, one later sent someone to assassinate each other, and the other directly destroyed the other's country, which can be described as love and killing each other.
When Prince Dan and Yingzheng were young, it was the time of the Warring States Gathering, and the great powers used protons as political chips between each other. In handan, the capital of the Zhao state, Prince Dan, as a hostage of the Yan state, met a hostage of the Qin state of similar age and became a good friend. Shortly after Yin Zheng returned to Qin with his mother, Crown Prince Dan also returned to the Yan kingdom.
Later, the State of Yan hoped to establish friendly diplomatic relations with the State of Qin and ease the pressure of the war between the State of Qin and the State of Yan, so he sent Prince Dan to the State of Qin as a hostage, hoping to exchange Prince Dan for the closeness of the Government of Yingzheng to the State of Yan.
More than ten years apart, at this time, Qin Wang Yingzheng and Prince Dan were already young people in their twenties. By the time the two meet again, the old friendship is gone.
Prince Dan's heart was still the playmate of his childhood, but YinZheng was no longer the child in Handan City. He was cruel and cruel, and he did not want to recount his old feelings with his childhood friends. In his heart, the ambition to sweep through Liuhe and unify the world was stirring, how could Yan Guo put it in his eyes? Perhaps, he was also afraid to let people know about the fall of that year, and Prince Dan was a witness to that period of unbearable time. This mouth is best closed forever. Therefore, Prince Dan not only did not receive courtesy, but was imprisoned. The "Chronicle of Jing Ke" says that "the King of Qin met Prince Dan badly". This was completely different from the life that Prince Dan imagined, and the huge gap naturally caused Prince Dan to resent more and more intensely.
Prince Dan could not stay in the Qin kingdom any longer and wanted to return to the Yan kingdom. The "Chronicle of History" records that Yin Zheng completely rejected Prince Dan's plea for his return to the country, and even said, "Aconitum white, Ma Sheng horn, Nai Xu Er." This means that the crow has a white head and the horse has a horn before prince Dan can be released back to China." Win Zheng is really cultured, and does not say anything like "wait until the sun comes out of the west". Obviously, the King of Qin did not intend to let Prince Dan return to China at all. When the Yan kingdom is destroyed in the future, there will be no prince Dan, at most a prisoner Dan.
Later, Crown Prince Dan fled back to the Yan Kingdom with great difficulty, and he brought his hatred for the King of Qin back to the Yan Kingdom, and from then on he was inseparable from The Oath of Yingzheng.
Jing Ke: I was originally an actor
Prince Dan fled back to the Yan Kingdom, wondering all day about how to take revenge. The national fortunes of the Qin state were prosperous, and within a few years, they attacked the Zhao state, and the soldiers pointed directly at the Yan state.
Prince Dan was a wise man, and he knew that if he was tough, Yan Guo would not be able to defeat Qin Guo. However, with his experience as a proton in the Qin Kingdom, he found that there were loopholes in the palace system of the Qin State, and there was no guard around Yingzheng above the main hall. The guards were all under the main hall and no one was ordered not to go up to the temple. This is simply too suitable for close assassination.
The key is to find the right person, create an opportunity to get close to the King of Qin, and kill with one blow!
Prince Dan also raised several dead soldiers, and Qin Wuyang was one of them (as I will say later, Qin's deputy), but Prince Dan did not have enough confidence in them, so he continued to search for talents in The country. Then Taifu recommended Tian Guang to him.
Who is Tian Guang? Taifu said: "His human intellect is deep and courageous, and he knows many strangers."
Knowing more people means making friends with good people from all walks of life, and finding the capable people that Prince Dan urgently needs.
Tian Guang confronts Prince Dan and then recommends the protagonist of this article, Jing Ke, to Prince Dan.
Tian Guang said: "Those who are known to the subjects who have Jingqing are brave people, who are moody and angry, and seem to be victorious." Note that here Tian Guang did not say how advanced Jing Ke's martial arts were, only that he was a "man of divine courage" and had a strong psychological quality to be able to perform this task. This is a big truth, not blown or black.
How did Tian Guang know Jing Ke? According to Tian Guang, it was because Jing Ke was too poor to pay for wine, and Tian Guang repeatedly settled the bills for him, so Jing Ke listened to Tian Guang's words very much.
The Chronicle of the Assassins records that "Jing Ke is to Yan, the dog of Love Yan slaughters and the good strike builder Gao gradually leaves." Jing Ke is an alcoholic, and ri and dog slaughter and Gao gradually leave to drink in Yan City. In the past, gao gradually departed from the building, Jing Ke and sang in the city, and xiang le also wept with each other, and there was no one around."
Translated, it means that after Jing Ke arrived in the Yan Kingdom, he spent all day drinking in the downtown with a dog-killing butcher and musician Gao Wanli. After drinking high, Gao gradually left the accompaniment of the instrument "Zhu", and Jing Ke sang loudly. Deep in love, holding the headache and crying, like no one around.
It seems that Jing Ke was originally a singer and actor, and he did not mix well in yan country. Looking through the history books, I did not find out what school he studied under, how good the martial arts were, and there was no record of actual combat with people, only that he was "good at reading and fencing". Prince Dan is not a fool, if you are looking for the world's number one swordsman, the fame is too big to get close to the King of Qin, and what you want is a person like Jing Ke who is not too famous but has a firm will. In Jin Yong's novel, the lonely seeker has fought all over the world in his life, and the five swords used represent the "Five Swords Realm". Although Jing Ke did not have the record of fighting alone and fighting with the crowd, it did not prevent Prince Danru from obtaining the most precious treasure and was immediately enshrined as Shangqing.
Jing Ke really listened to Tian Guang's words and promised to help Prince Dan with this. But there is obviously no going back to helping this. If Prince Dan was too picky, no one would be willing to follow the death force.
In order to make Jing Ke die for him, Prince Dan made a big bloody contribution. Gold, houses, cars, seats, women, commonly known as "five sons denko", all in place. Since ancient times, buying people's hearts is this routine, it is really easy to use! This gives us an inspiration: if someone satisfies your "five sons Denko", then the next thing is your life. There are also the following three stories circulating in history, which prove the sincerity of Prince Dan.
Jing Ke accompanied Prince Dan on a garden tour of the Prince Mansion and saw a large turtle in the pool. Jing Ke picked up the tiles to fight the turtle. Prince Dan immediately ordered someone to bring a plate of golden tiles and hand it to Jing Ke for him to play with.
Jing Ke said that he heard that the liver of Maxima tasted very good. Prince Dan immediately slaughtered his own Maxima and gave him liver.
Jing Ke and Prince Dan drank, and Jing Ke praised the handmaiden who poured the wine so beautifully. After a while, there was an extra gold plate on Jing Ke's table, and inside was the Handmaiden's hand that had been chopped off.
Prince Dan is a veteran who understands the weaknesses of human nature. In the Warring States Period, people's lives were like grass mustard, and the grass mustard-like dick silk could enjoy the baptism of glory and wealth, be respected by the magnates, and die worth it. The highest state of life is to satisfy all desires. When desire is satisfied, there are no regrets in life, and life is not so precious. As for gold and silver jewelry, Maxima, handmaidens, etc., for Prince Dan, they are all prices that can be paid. For his personal interests, he will not hesitate to pay a greater price.
And Jing Ke is already grateful to Zero, and the soldier dies for the confidant!
Jing Ke's souvenir
Jing Ke was determined to complete the task of assassinating the King of Qin, but how could he get close to the King of Qin?
According to the Warring States Policy, Jing Ke described to Prince Dan the plan to assassinate the King of Qin. Jing Ke said, "If you can get the head of General Fan and present the map of Yan To the King of Qin, the King of Qin will say that he will see his subjects, and the subjects will have to repay the prince." "This means that if I get general Fan's head and then present the map of Du Kang to the King of Qin, the King of Qin will definitely see me, and then I can repay the prince's kindness."
These two gifts must be ready before the King of Qin will be deceived. One is general Fan's head, and the other is the map of Dou Kang.
General Fan, named Fan Yu, is a mysterious figure in the history books. It is only known that he was a general of the Qin state, and because he offended the king of Qin, he fled to the Yan kingdom and was taken in by Prince Dan. The King of Qin rewarded him with "Jin Qianjin, Yi Wanjia".
Prince Dan couldn't bear to do it. Jing Ke personally came to the door, and after a few words with Fan Yu, Fan Yu drew his sword and committed suicide, and the head was in his hand.
Where is the Governor? The land of Tuokang is the ancient name of a fertile land between the Yongding River and the Yishui River, and is now the area around Zhuozhou City, Gu'an County, Gaobeidian City and Dingxing County in Hebei Province. In ancient times, the land of Tukan was a rare treasure land with fertile land and dense rivers.
Jing Ke described the land of Tuo Kang as "the land of anointing, what the Qin people want." If the King of Qin had obtained the map of Tuo kang, the Qin army could easily occupy the place of Tuo Kang and hit the gate of the capital of the Yan State (now Beijing). This was bound to be a heavy blow to the Yan state, and may even force the Yan state to surrender. Therefore, the King of Qin will definitely personally receive Jing Ke, and also let Jing Ke explain the map of The Governor for himself, so that Jing Ke will have the opportunity to get close to the King of Qin.
So who will complete the assassination?
The selection of the hedgehog implies a heavenly chance
"Personnel is politics". Personnel appointments, post adjustments, from the details can see the leader's ideas. Who is up and who is down, close and distant, high and shallow, is not as simple as it seems, and when you can't understand it, it is often because there is a mystery behind it.
Choosing Jing Ke to assassinate the King of Qin, this arrangement implies a heavenly opportunity.
When Tian Guang recommended Jing Ke to Prince Dan, he could not have guessed that Jing Ke was not a professional killer and that his martial skills were mediocre. But in Tian Guang's view, although the warriors raised under Prince Dan were brave and martial, they were not calm enough, their expressions were hanging on their faces, and they were eager to turn white as soon as they were excited. Let them assassinate the King of Qin, and before they even do it, they will be seen through.
And Jing Ke is not only brave and strategic, but also calm and calm in the face of things, able to control his emotions very well, moody and angry. Such a person is most suitable for such a difficult task as Hedgehog Qin.
But the problem has not been solved. Someone like Jing Ke can be responsible for the planning and arrangement of the task of hedging Qin, but it is still not suitable for being an assassin, after all, the swordplay is a hard wound. Even if the aura is strong and can't kill people, what is the use?
To this end, Prince Dan assigned Jing Ke a deputy, Qin Wuyang, and the assassination was completed by Qin Wuyang. This Qin Wuyang was the grandson of the Yan general Qin Kai, who had killed people at the age of twelve and was known for his bravery. Originally, Jing Ke wanted to wait for a master to go with him, but unfortunately this master had not been able to appear, and Prince Dan could not wait, so he went to Xianyang with Qin Wuyang.
Who is this master? Some people speculate that it is the first swordsman of the Warring States - Gai Nie. Judging from the "Records of History", the friendship between Gai Nie and Jing Ke was not deep. Once Jing Ke and Gai Nie discussed swords, Gai Nie glared at Jing Ke angrily, and Jing Ke retreated. Moreover, Gai Nie's fame is too big, it is familiar to many people, go to the Qin Kingdom, everyone will know that there is a first swordsman, and it is bound to be strictly guarded. So it's unlikely to be Gai nie.
Don't forget that when Jing Ke was drinking and singing every day in the downtown area, in addition to the musician Gao Wanli, there was also a dog butcher (the butcher who slaughtered the dog) friend. If there is no lifelong friendship, who will be willing to give up their life to accompany the gentleman? Gao gradually left enough friends, and later after Jing Ke's death, Gao gradually left his eyes blind, and when playing for the King of Qin, he smashed the instrument "Zhu" at the King of Qin, and finally failed and died. Although this dog tu is nameless and nameless, he can drink and make friends with Jing Ke and Gao Wanli every day, and he must also be a person with a moral character. "People are divided into groups, and things are clustered by categories." Later, when he was sent off by the Yishui River, Gao gradually left the scene to bid farewell to Jing Ke, but he did not see the dog slaughter. Maybe the master Jing Ke has to wait for is this dog slaughter.
Reasoning is still questionable here. Qin Qin let Jing Ke go alone, why did Prince Dan have to give Jing Ke a deputy, and the two of them went to Qin Together?
It should be known that assassination pays the most attention to secrecy and maneuverability, and the flexibility and suddenness of one person's action are stronger than that of two people, and the risk and uncertainty of the actions of two people will increase. Once you meet a "pig teammate", you will drag your feet (which turns out to be true in hindsight). If you match a warrior Qin Wuyang because Jing Ke's sword skills are not good, then you should not send Jing Ke to go in the first place.
There is also a possibility: instead of assassinating the King of Qin, but kidnapping the King of Qin, making the King of Qin sign a letter of guarantee, not harming the interests of the Yan Kingdom, it is really not possible, and then kill the King of Qin.
Because later, before Jing Ke died, he once said such a sentence: The reason why Qin Failed was because I wanted to capture you alive and force you to sign a contract in return for Prince Dan.
It seems that this is really not Jing Ke's addiction before his death, making excuses for his failure. This also explained why Qin Wuyang had to be brought along. Because he wanted to kidnap the King of Qin, Jing Ke could not do it alone, and needed a deputy to help him control the King of Qin.
It is most likely Prince Dan's idea. Because Prince Dan's purpose was to inherit the throne of The King of Yan in the future and become the King of Yan Dan. He did not have the courage to win the government and swallow mountains and rivers, and the Yan state did not have the strength of the Qin state, as long as he could keep his own interests. Therefore, coercing Yingzheng to sign an unequal treaty, spitting out the land of the Yan state that has been occupied, and ensuring that there will be no more aggression against the Yan country in the future is the best policy. If it really can't be done, it is better to kill Yingzheng and let Qin civil unrest.
Does this strategy work? It just so happens that there have been similar success stories before.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, when the Duke of Qi Huan and the Duke of Lu zhuang formed an alliance on the altar, Cao Mo suddenly took the Duke of Qi Huan hostage with a dagger and forced the Duke of Qi Huan to return the land occupied by the State of Lu, and no one was harmed.
I believe that Jing Ke and Prince Dan must have gotten inspiration from this historical story, and even the details of the assassination are a copy of the historical story.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, when he was dedicated to assassinating Wu Wangfu, he disguised himself as a chef and grilled fish for Wu Wangfu. When he entered the door, the guards carefully searched his body to make sure that he did not have a weapon on him before coming to The Wu King's staff. Zhuan Zhuan took a dagger from the fish's stomach and stabbed Wu Wangfu to death at once.
Obviously, the reason why the King of Qin did not let anyone near the main hall was to be cautious against assassins. Jing Ke would definitely be searched repeatedly before they met the King of Qin, and they could not carry any weapons. Therefore, imitating the successful case of hiding the dagger in the belly of the fish, hiding the dagger in the map will not be discovered.
Like to read is good, "there is nothing new under the sun", what a nerve-wracking problem, the answer is written in the book earlier.
In order to ensure that nothing goes wrong, Prince Dan bought a dagger from Lady Xu (gender: male), a famous sword caster in the Zhao Kingdom, for a large amount of money. The dagger was extremely sharp, and it was quenched with poison, and as long as the dagger cut a little skin, it was immediately poisoned and killed.
Lady Xu sword
Jing Ke stabbed the King of Qin
"The wind is cold and the water is cold, and the heroes will not return once they are gone." Jing Ke bid farewell to Prince Dan with a determination to die, and Qin Wuyang came to Xianyang, the capital of the Qin State. When the King of Qin heard that the Yan State had sent emissaries to send Fan Yuqi's head and the map of Du Kang, he was very happy and ordered to receive Jing Ke and his party at the Xianyang Palace.
The ceremony of the pilgrimage began. Jing Ke held the box containing Fan Yu's head, and Qin Wuyang held the map of Dou Kang, and advanced in the order of the main and deputy envoys. When he walked to the bottom of the steps in front of the palace, Qin Wuyang's face suddenly changed, and he trembled with fear, and the ministers all felt strange. Jing Ke turned back to Qin Wuyang and smiled, went forward to apologize, and said, "The savages in the barbarian land in the north have not seen the Son of Heaven, and they can't help but be afraid, please ask the great king to forgive him, so that he can complete his mission in front of the great king." After all, the King of Qin was a little suspicious, so he said to Jing Ke, "Hand over the map that Qin Wuyang took, and you should come up alone." ”
Jing Ke took the map from Qin Wuyang's hand, walked forward with the map in his hand, and dedicated it to the King of Qin. The King of Qin unfolded the map, and the scroll was stretched to the end, and the hidden dagger was revealed. When the King of Qin saw it, he jumped up in shock.
Jing Ke reacted very quickly, taking the opportunity to grab the sleeve of the Qin King with his left hand, and hold the dagger in his right hand, and the silver light was about to stab as soon as he saw it.
Unexpectedly, Qin Wang turned around and tore open the sleeve that Jing Ke had grabbed in his hand. Both were stunned. However, King Qin's reaction was faster, and he hurried to break free and distance himself from Jing Ke.
Jing Ke chased after him with a dagger, and the King of Qin had to run around the large pillar on the hall, relying on the wind and turmoil, and Jing Ke had no choice for a moment.
Because of the prohibition of the laws of the Qin State, The guards of His Highness were not allowed to go to the temple without being ordered, and could only stand below and do something in a hurry. The King of Qin was chased by Jing Ke so much that he didn't have time to give the order. Think about it, at this time, if someone rushes forward with a guy, Yin Zheng will definitely think about whether you help me or help him? This is also the reason why when fighting, the people who persuade the fight are often beaten for no reason.
At that time, while running, the King of Qin wanted to draw his sword to fight back, but the sword was too long, and in a panic, the King of Qin could not pull it out for a while. The attendants were in a hurry and shouted, "Great King, push your sword behind your back!" ”
Just at this moment, a medical officer, Xia Wu, used the medicine box he was holding to throw Jing Ke. Jing Ke was hit by the medicine box, and his speed slowed down slightly. The King of Qin found the opportunity, pushed the sword behind his back, pulled out his sword, and a sword cut off Jing Ke's thigh, and Jing Ke fell to the ground. After that, Jing Ke made a desperate attempt to use the flying knife technique, but he still failed to throw it, only hitting the copper pillar. The King of Qin saw that Jing Ke had no weapon in his hands, and went forward to attack Jing Ke one after another, and Jing Ke was wounded in eight places. After that, the guards came, and Jing Ke was slashed and killed by a random knife, and "the King of Qin was dazzled for a long time." Look at the King of Qin who scared him.
At this point, Jing Ke stabbed Qin and declared defeat.
Originally, according to the plan, Jing Ke sacrificed his head to please the King of Qin and lower the Qin King's defensiveness; Qin Wuyang then presented a map, approached the Queen of Qin, and kidnapped or killed the King of Qin.
However, what he never expected was that the "pig teammate" Qin Wuyang dropped the chain at a critical moment, which did not play the slightest role at all, causing Jing Ke to temporarily change his plan, catch the ducks on the shelf, and take on the heavy responsibility of capturing/assassinating the King of Qin alone. Despite his failure, Jing Ke's courage has always been praised.
A few hedgehogs
In history, there were five people who assassinated Qin Shi Huang. In front of them, Jing Ke, Qin Wuyang, and Gao Wanli appeared. The other two are Cang Haijun and Zhang Liang.
Canghai Jun was a ruler of Dongyi during the Qin Dynasty. Zhang Liang, one of the three masters of the early Han Dynasty, found him after Qin destroyed Han, got a Hercules from him, and in 218 BC sniped Qin Shi Huang with an iron vertebra at Bolangsha.
At that time, Qin Shi Huang's motorcade had a total of thirty-six vehicles, almost exactly the same. Zhang Liang couldn't tell which car Qin Shi Huang was in, only to see that the car in the middle was the most luxurious. So, Zhang Liang commanded the Hercules to shoot at the car. The 120-pound sledgehammer killed the occupants to the ground. Zhang Liang took advantage of the chaos to burrow into the reeds and fled the scene.
However, it was only the deputy car that was hit by Hercules, and Qin Shi Huang had long been defensive, often changing cars, confusing Zhang Liang.
All five of them tried to assassinate Qin Shi Huang, but all failed without exception. Qin Shi Huang seemed to be the chosen one, and his fate should not be extinguished. And a loyal and righteous person like Jing Ke, who will not hesitate to try to stab Qin, knowing that he cannot do it, is also the choice of fate. "Planning is in people, and success is in heaven", this is life.