Survey of Youth Identity in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Youth Greater Bay Area No. 3
As a key place for national strategic development, the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has gathered a large number of policy benefits. In the past two months, heavy policies such as the "Overall Plan for the Construction of the Hengqin Guangdong-Macao Deep Cooperation Zone", the "Plan for Comprehensively Deepening the Reform and Opening Up of the Qianhai Shenzhen-Hong Kong Modern Service Industry Cooperation Zone", and the "Implementation Opinions on Supporting The Employment and Entrepreneurship of Hong Kong and Macao Youth in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area" have been implemented one after another. How do the young people of Hong Kong and Macao who are developing in Guangdong evaluate the policy environment of the Greater Bay Area, which policies are most expected to be implemented, and how do they view the development achievements of the Greater Bay Area in recent years? Nandu Poll Center recently released the "Survey Report on the Recognition of Young People in the Greater Bay Area of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao", which is the third in a series of reports, which will present the recognition of Hong Kong and Macao youth in Guangdong's development in the Greater Bay Area from the two aspects of policy environment recognition and development achievement recognition.
The report shows that in terms of policy environment, more than half of the respondents have a certain understanding of the development planning of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the policies of talent introduction and innovation and entrepreneurship support; 60% of the respondents said that they enjoyed the benefits of the Greater Bay Area policy; more than 70% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the policy environment of the Greater Bay Area; respondents are most looking forward to the employment and entrepreneurship subsidy policy; in terms of development achievement recognition, about 90% of the respondents recognized the economic and social development effectiveness of the Greater Bay Area, and more than 90% of the young people surveyed from Hong Kong and Macao recognized the development concepts and achievements of Guangdong, especially the Pearl River Delta More than 70% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the rule of law environment, business environment and entrepreneurial environment in the Greater Bay Area.
More than half of the respondents are aware of the relevant policies of the Greater Bay Area, and the awareness rate of employment entrepreneurs is higher than that of the student group
On February 18, 2019, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued the Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, which draws a blueprint for the development of a world-class bay area and a world-class city cluster. How well do young people in Hong Kong and Macao who are developing in Guangdong understand the development plan of the Greater Bay Area? According to the survey results, 61.84% of the young people surveyed in Hong Kong and Macao said that they were clear about the development plan of the Greater Bay Area, and 33.66% of the respondents said that they had heard about it but were not very clear. From the perspective of different genders, the proportion of male respondents who are aware of the development plan of the Greater Bay Area is relatively high, accounting for 66.67%, while female respondents are more likely to say that they have heard but are not clear, accounting for 40.74%. Respondents employed in Guangdong expressed great clarity about the development plan of the Greater Bay Area, with the highest proportion of 32.75%, followed by respondents who started a business and lived in Guangdong, with a proportion of 25.15% and 25.12% respectively, compared with the low understanding of the development plan of the Greater Bay Area by the student body, and the proportion of respondents studying in Guangdong was only 15.47%.
Specific to the talent introduction and innovation and entrepreneurship policies, how well do the young people from Hong Kong and Macao interviewed know about the relevant policies? 56.84% of the respondents said that they are clear about the talent introduction and innovation and entrepreneurship support policies in the Greater Bay Area, especially in their own regions. The interactive analysis found that the respondents employed in Guangdong were the most aware of the relevant innovation and entrepreneurship policies, indicating that 33.45% were very clear, the proportion of entrepreneurs was 26.23%, and the proportion of scholars accounted for only 16.57%. From the perspective of different industries, respondents in scientific research and technical services, construction, domestic commerce and trade or import and export trade said that they were very aware of the proportion of relevant innovation and entrepreneurship policies, accounting for 45.70%, 43.90%, and 38.60% in turn.
However, more than 30% of the respondents in the survey are still not very clear about the relevant innovation and entrepreneurship support policies. In the face of the recent frequent emergence of various favorable policies in the Greater Bay Area, many respondents expressed the hope to learn about relevant policy information through unified, authoritative and easily accessible channels.
Hong Kong young Lin Guangjian studied in Guangzhou and left a business, he has been through the WeChat public account, the official website continues to pay attention to the relevant policies of the Greater Bay Area, but he believes that the current information is more scattered, "the release channels of policies in various districts, the frequency of updates are different, some public accounts are not updated for a long time, so the authority and timeliness of our information will be limited, we need to be more active in multi-party comparison and search, in order to find useful information for ourselves." "In this regard, Lin Guangjian hopes to have an authoritative channel to regularly release relevant policies, update policy interpretations, entrepreneurship, life and other aspects of information, and summarize information from all parties." I hope to have more information on life, such as how to apply for talent apartments, condominiums and so on. ”
Wu Yongxin also pays great attention to the relevant policies of the Greater Bay Area, and she said that she mainly understands the policies through the "Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Portal Network", and the website classification is clear, so she can quickly find relevant policies. Because she intends to work and buy a house in Guangzhou or other Bay Area cities, Wu Yongxin will also obtain information through relevant public accounts, Weibo and some recruitment apps. She hopes that the policy information on employment and home ownership will be more detailed and accessible. Because she observed that many people around her did not know much about these policies. "The contact area of students is not very wide, for fresh graduates, I hope to share more information through the staff of the school or the recruitment unit, we do not know what channels, or do not know whether the information is correct, may miss the opportunity."
More than 70% of respondents are satisfied with the policy environment, and 60% of respondents have enjoyed the benefits of relevant policies
According to Xinhua News Agency, public data analysis on government websites shows that from February 2019 to April 2021, central and local governments at all levels have successively issued 231 relevant policy documents related to the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. According to the survey data, 60% of the young people surveyed in Hong Kong and Macao said that they have enjoyed the relevant preferential policies in the Greater Bay Area.
In-depth interviews with a number of Young People from Hong Kong and Macao found that the most popular policy for respondents who started businesses in Guangdong was preferential rent for office space, and most entrepreneurs had reduced their rent when they settled in the local Youth Innovation Base. Wang Baidong, a post-80s Hong Kong youth who started a business in Huizhou, said that the Huizhou Heyin Green Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., which he founded in 2020, has been settled in the Huizhou Zhongkai Hong Kong and Macao Youth Entrepreneurship Base, in addition to obtaining free office space, there are travel expenses, exhibition fees and other subsidies, which greatly reduces the cost of starting a business. In addition, the base often recommends them to participate in various entrepreneurial competitions, "whether it is myself or the company itself, I have more opportunities to be recognized." ”
Interactive analysis found that respondents who came to Guangdong for employment, entrepreneurship and schooling enjoyed more preferential policies in the Greater Bay Area, accounting for more than 60%, and the proportion of residents enjoyed policy preferences was about half. From the perspective of different length of residence, the proportion of respondents who have lived in Guangdong for 2-3 years has enjoyed more preferential policies, as high as 78.07%, while the proportion of respondents who have lived for more than 10 years has enjoyed preferential policies is lower, accounting for only 39.77%.
Overall, more than 70% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the policy environment of the Greater Bay Area, of which the respondents who came to Guangdong for employment, entrepreneurship and schooling were more satisfied, accounting for 60%, and more than half of the respondents came to Guangdong to live and live. In addition, the more respondents enjoy preferential policies, the higher their satisfaction with the policy environment. Not only that, but the awareness of the policy and the satisfaction of the policy are also positively correlated, and the more the respondents understand the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and the local talent introduction and innovation and entrepreneurship support policies, the higher the proportion of respondents who are "very satisfied" with the policy environment. The proportion of respondents who "know very well" the relevant policies said they were "very satisfied" reached 83.13%.
Respondents are most looking forward to employment and entrepreneurship subsidy policies
According to Xinhua News Agency statistics, before April this year, the central and local governments at all levels have successively issued 231 documents involving the "Greater Bay Area", and the top three areas of concern are employment and entrepreneurship, fiscal and tax support, and scientific and technological innovation, accounting for 23%, 13% and 11% respectively. Among the various policies, what kind of support policies are the respondents most looking forward to? 40.58% of the respondents are most looking forward to the employment and entrepreneurship subsidy policy, of which the respondents who started a business in Guangdong are more looking forward to it, accounting for 47.37%; in addition, entrepreneurs are also looking forward to policies such as office space rent concessions (42.11%), tax incentives (32.16%).
For the respondents who participated in the work, in addition to the employment and entrepreneurship subsidy policy, transportation preferences and subsidies, participation in mainland pension insurance, and medical insurance were also expected by the respondents; the respondents who came to school were more looking forward to the scholarship and bursary policy for Hong Kong and Macao students, with a proportion of 62.43%, followed by college enrollment discounts, accounting for 49.17%.
Born in Macau after the 80s, Anfei worked in the Pearl River Delta region many years ago and now founded Brand Planning & Design Co., Ltd. in Foshan. Having lived in the mainland for many years, she said that in addition to obtaining substantial employment and entrepreneurship subsidies, she also hopes to have opportunities for upstream and downstream industry linkage cooperation. In addition, in her life, she also hopes to solve the problem of identity authentication, because it is related to medical treatment, business and other aspects. "Sometimes when handling legal human government services in Foshan, many staff members do not know how to handle the applications of Hong Kong and Macao people, and often need to ask the leaders and wait for an answer. If I do it on site, I usually have to queue up to manually register personal information, and I can't register information in the system like a local. ”
Huang Wenxuan, an interviewee from Hong Kong, also reported encountering a similar situation. "Like handling business in the bank and seeking medical treatment in the hospital, I can't automatically recognize my homecoming card, so I can only manually register the information, the process is cumbersome and the waiting time is long." He hoped that the identity authentication systems of the mainland, Hong Kong and Macao would be unified and simplified, so that People from Hong Kong and Macao could also participate in the mainland's pension and medical insurance as soon as possible.
Recognition of development achievements:
More than 90% of the respondents agree with the development concept and achievements of the Greater Bay Area, and their achievements in economic and social development have been highly praised
Since the promulgation of the Outline Development Plan for the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in 2019, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao have cooperated extensively and deeply, and the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area has achieved phased results and significantly enhanced its comprehensive strength. In 2020, the total economic volume of the Greater Bay Area reached 11.5 trillion yuan, an increase of 1.4 trillion yuan over 2017; the number of enterprises in the world's top 500 reached 21, an increase of 4 over 2017.
Speaking of the development concepts and achievements of Guangdong, especially the Pearl River Delta, 91.63% of the young people surveyed in Hong Kong and Macao agreed. Asked about their views on the current development of the Greater Bay Area, nearly 90% of the young people surveyed from Hong Kong and Macao expressed their recognition of the development achievements of the Greater Bay Area, of which 89.22% of the respondents believe that the current economic development results of the Greater Bay Area are "very good" or "relatively good"; 86.31% of the respondents believe that the current social development results of the Greater Bay Area are "very good" or "relatively good".
Specific to the rule of law environment, business environment and entrepreneurial environment, more than 70% of the respondents expressed satisfaction. Among them, 76.49% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the legal environment in the Greater Bay Area, especially in their own areas, 73.43% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the business environment in the Greater Bay Area, especially in their own regions, and 72.30% of the respondents expressed satisfaction with the entrepreneurial environment in the Greater Bay Area, especially in their own regions. From the perspective of different cities, the respondents in Shenzhen were more satisfied with the rule of law environment, business environment and entrepreneurial environment in their regions, with a satisfaction rate of more than 80%.
Wang Baidong (first from right) introduces the foldable hive box invented by the team. (Courtesy of the interviewee)
Wang Baidong set foot on the mainland for the first time in 2005, "Hong Kong experienced the economic downturn after SARS, and I wanted to look at development opportunities in the mainland." Due to the long period of development in Guangdong, he deeply felt that the current entrepreneurial environment has changed significantly compared with more than ten years ago, saying that he has witnessed the construction and development of the Greater Bay Area, and feels the opportunities and resources brought by the Greater Bay Area. Wang Baidong has done packaging, clothing industry, but also opened a milk tea shop, last year he founded Huizhou Heyin Green Packaging Technology Co., Ltd., through the provision of sustainable green packaging services, to create a reduction in quantity, plastic reduction, carbon reduction of express delivery concept. Among them, the foldable hive packaging box (method) has been authorized by the Chinese invention patent and has won many honors, such as the Red Dot Design Award, the Bud Funding of the Hong Kong SAR Government supported him to explore the mainland market and develop automation equipment, and in March 2021, he settled in the Huizhou Zhongkai Hong Kong and Macao Youth Entrepreneurship Base (hereinafter referred to as "Huizhou Entrepreneurship Base"). "Huizhou Entrepreneurship Base not only provides us with free office space and recommends participating in various entrepreneurial competitions, but also helps to contact Professor Wu of Huizhou College to provide professional guidance for the team and assist in the development of new materials and secondary utilization." Wang Baidong said, "It is precisely because of the docking and support of resources from all parties that enterprises can successfully upgrade and transform and continuously explore and innovate." ”
Survey Overview:
The survey was conducted by the Nandu Polling Center from September 10 to October 16, 2021, and the questionnaire was conducted by contacting relevant Hong Kong and Macao youth organizations and youth innovation institutions, and using snowball sampling to conduct questionnaire surveys and interviews. A total of 621 valid questionnaires were collected, all of whom were young people from Hong Kong and Macao who were studying, working, starting a business and living in Guangdong, of which 76.49% and 23.51% were respondents from Hong Kong and Macao, respectively. Affected by the survey location, the proportion of respondents living in Guangzhou was the highest, at 57.17%, followed by Shenzhen, Zhuhai and Dongguan, accounting for 15.94%, 6.44% and 6.28% respectively, in addition, respondents living in other cities in the Pearl River Delta and other Guangdong cities accounted for 10.14% and 4.02% respectively. The respondents were all between the ages of 18 and 45, of which the respondents aged 18-25, 25-30 and 30-35 were relatively high, with 40.10%, 22.54% and 16.43% respectively. From the perspective of the gender of the respondents, men and women accounted for 56.52% and 43.48% respectively. From the perspective of education level, the proportion of respondents with bachelor's/bachelor's degrees was the highest, at 57.81%, followed by college/higher college and master's degrees and above, accounting for 22.71% and 10.63% respectively, and some respondents were secondary schools and below or associate degrees. From the perspective of the industries engaged in by the respondents, the Internet industry, culture/sports/entertainment industry, industrial manufacturing industry and domestic trade or import and export trade accounted for a relatively high proportion, all of which were about 10%.
Research topics in social surveys and public opinion
Social Group and Public Psychology Studies
Project Producer: Nandu Poll Center
Project Producer: Xie Bin Zhang Chun
Project Host: Wen Yiran
Project Execution: Nandu Researcher Wen Yiran, Mai Jieying, Zheng Yunan
Intern Chen Ziying Luo Yidan Wen Yiting
Support platform: Southern Metropolis Daily official WeChat public account
Supporting organizations (in no particular order):
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Youth Entrepreneurship Incubator
Home for Young Students from Hong Kong and Macao in the Mainland
Guangdong University Macau Students Association
Guangzhou Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Base Alliance
Headquarters of Hong Kong and Macao Youth Home in Tianhe District, Guangzhou
Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao (Nanshacheng) International Youth Innovation Community
Guangdong-Macao Youth Innovation International Industry Accelerator
Macao Youth Innovation Tribe
Dedicated co-creation space
Huilong Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Base
Guangzhou Airport Zhihui Huadu (International) Qingchuang Base
Home for young people from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas Chinese in Conghua
Shenzhen North Railway Station Hong Kong and Macao Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center
Foshan Hong Kong and Macao Youth Entrepreneurship Incubation Base
Zhuhai Dahua Hong Kong and Macao Youth Innovation and Entrepreneurship Service Center
Huizhou Zhongkai Hong Kong and Macao Youth Entrepreneurship Base