Figure 丨 Huang Gong slightly old photo
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="112" > preface</h1>
"The red corner of Ganshui is over there, and the partial division borrows Huang Gongluo."
This is Chairman Mao's book "Butterfly Loves Flowers · From Tingzhou to Changsha" praises his comrade-in-arms Huang Gongluo. During the agrarian revolution, the famous Red Army general Huang Gongluo, Chairman Mao, Zhu De, and Peng Dehuai were called "Zhu Mao Peng Huang" and became the symbol of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. Huang Gongluo's bravery, good fighting, and great talent were greatly valued by Chairman Mao. It is very unfortunate that such a promising Red Army general died in the third anti-"encirclement and suppression" transfer at the age of 33.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="113" > "Contemptible people think that you Huang Gong is slightly longer and has three heads and six arms."</h1>
In the autumn of 1915, under the banner of unifying China, the Hunan warlords and the Beiyang warlords began to compete for territory. Huang Gongliu, with the desire to find a way out, threw his pen from Rong into the Hunan Army, and because of his strengths in calligraphy and painting, he was deeply appreciated by the battalion commander, and was soon transferred to the secretary of the battalion headquarters.
Figure 丨 Huang Gongluo during the Xiang Army
The following year, Peng Dehuai joined the army and served as a cadet in the training team, Huang Gongluo was appointed as a Chinese language instructor in the training team because of some culture, and the two essays written by Peng Dehuai at that time attracted the attention of Huang Gongliu, who was impressed by Peng Dehuai's insights and lofty ambitions, and not only scored 100 percent of Peng Dehuai's two articles, but also recommended them to the battalion commander and the regiment commander.
Soon Peng Dehuai was appreciated by his superiors, and his position in the military was constantly promoted, once surpassing Huang Gongluo, but these did not affect the feelings of the two people, and the common ideals and pursuits closely connected the two and soon became close friends. In 1922, Huang Gongluo was dissatisfied with the internal contradictions of the Xiang Army, and applied for the Hunan Army Lecture Hall and asked Peng Dehuai to take the examination together.
At that time, Peng Dehuai was arrested for killing the landlord Ou Shengqin, escaped smoothly with the help of escort soldiers, and returned to his hometown to farm after going into exile, but hesitated after receiving Huang Gongluo's letter and did not reply to him. Later, Huang Gongluo sent someone to personally persuade him, and Peng Dehuai agreed to come down.
Pictured: Peng Dehuai in his youth
After graduating from Wutang, they all returned to the original unit, the Northern Expedition War began, Huang Gongluo served as a company commander in the National Revolutionary Army, and in the campaign to attack Wuchang City, Huang Gongluo led the troops to attack, took the ladder to climb the city wall, and helped the siege troops to successfully rush to the head of the city. He was rewarded for his bravery in battle and was soon promoted to battalion commander.
At that time, there were many Communists in the Northern Expeditionary Army, and It was from that time that Huang Gongluo and Peng Dehuai began to come into contact with the Communist Party. At the end of 1926, Huang Gongliu was admitted to the senior class of the Whampoa Military Academy, and before leaving, he gave Peng Dehuai a shell gun he used. Factional struggles became increasingly fierce at the Whampoa Military Academy, and after a period of observation, Huang Gongluo actively supported the Communist Party's ideas.
In 1927, when Chiang Kai-shek openly rebelled against the revolution and wantonly brutalized the Communists, Huang Gongluo saw the essence of the Kuomintang clearly, and after the failure of the Guangzhou Uprising, Huang Gongluo resolutely joined the Communist Party at the most difficult and dangerous time of the revolution. The following year, Huang Gongluo, together with Peng Dehuai and Teng Daiyuan, led the famous Pingjiang Uprising and established the Fifth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.
Chiang Kai-shek wantonly brutalized the Communists
In light of the development of the revolutionary situation, the Ganxi Special Committee and the Xianggan Border Special Committee decided to merge into one, and at the same time reorganized the local armed forces under their command into the Sixth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, with Huang Gongluo as the commander of the Sixth Army. Due to differences between the two special committees, Chairman Mao had no choice but to go to Chairman Mao and ask chairman Mao for help in resolving the problems between the two special committees.
Chairman Mao held a joint meeting in Pitou, Ji'an, and Huang Gongluo attended as a representative of the Sixth Military Commission and the Fifth Military Commission, and it was at this meeting that Huang Gongluo met Chairman Mao for the first time. The first time the two met, they did not have the slightest sense of strangeness, but like old friends.
When others introduced Huang Gongluo to Chairman Mao, Chairman Mao immediately laughed and said humorously: "The contemptible people think that you Huang Gong is slightly longer and has three heads and six arms, who knows that your appearance is not proud, it is really 'a gentleman cannot be disguised, and the sea is invincible'!" Huang Gongluo was impressed by Chairman Mao's easy-going humor and erudition.
Figure丨27 Conference Site
After the meeting, Chairman Mao showed the resolution of the Gutian Conference to Huang Gongluo, who expressed great agreement after reading it and was full of respect for Chairman Mao's ideological level. In order to meet the needs of the struggle, the meeting decided to expand the former committee of the Red Fourth Army as the guiding organ of the Xianggan Soviet District, and the Fourth Five-Sixth Army was under the command of the General Front Committee, and henceforth Huang Gongluo, under the leadership of Chairman Mao, became a staunch supporter and follower of Chairman Mao.
After this meeting, Huang Gongluo was guided and inspired by Chairman Mao, and many issues in his work were suddenly enlightened, especially Chairman Mao's method of resolving differences within the party. In order to strengthen the army's political and ideological work, the Red Sixth Army set up the Central Military Commission headed by Huang Gongluo, Chen Yi, and others, and issued a notice of the headquarters of the Sixth Army, clarifying the policies that the troops should implement and the discipline to be observed, which had a great impact on the southwestern Region.
Picture 丨 "27 Conference" stills
After Chairman Mao and Peng Dehuai read this proclamation, they gave high praise to the Military Commission of the Sixth Red Army. As a result of Huang Gongluo's insistence on implementing Chairman Mao's ideas, the ideological work of the Red Sixth Army soon rose to a new level, gradually transforming from a guerrilla armed force into a regular army. Later, the Red Sixth Army was renamed the Red Third Army, with Huang Gongluo as the commander and Chen Yi as the political commissar. In the following battles, the Red Army was invincible and repeatedly accomplished feats.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="114" > Chairman Mao's three orders</h1>
On the eve of the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign, a small number of people in the Jiangxi Provincial CPC Committee insisted on attacking Nanchang's erroneous propositions, opposed Chairman Mao's correct policy, and even forged Chairman Mao's letters in an attempt to sow discord between Zhu De, Chairman Mao, Peng Dehuai, and Huang Gongluo. Once Huang Gongluo received a forged letter, which was opened and looked at to know that it was fake.
Huang Gongluo felt that this was a huge conspiracy, so he went to Zhu De to ask about his attitude, and Zhu De said that he resolutely supported Chairman Mao. Then Huang Gongluo traveled more than thirty kilometers to find Peng Dehuai, and Peng Dehuai said that publicly publicizing and supporting "Zhu Penghuang" was a conspiracy, to provoke the relationship between the four of them, and after understanding the attitudes of Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, Huang Gongluo put his mind at ease.
Figure丨 The first anti-"encirclement and suppression" route in the Central Soviet Region
At the important moment when the Party and the Red Army were facing a split, Huang Gongluo first reported the situation to Chairman Mao and made clear the attitude of the four of them; at the same time, he jointly issued an open letter with Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, denouncing the erroneous act of undermining the unity of the Party and calling on the revolutionary comrades to unite under the leadership of the General Front Committee and jointly eliminate the enemy.
Huang Gongluo openly defended the leadership of the General Front Committee headed by Chairman Mao and the unity of the Red Army, completely broke the conspiracy to split the Party and the Red Army, and laid a solid foundation for the victory of the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign.
After the Red Army's third anti-"encirclement and suppression" victory, Huang Gongluo led his troops to Ruijin, Ningdu, and other areas to clean up the remaining white strongholds in the base areas, prompting the base areas to be connected. On September 15, Huang Gongluo and his troops arrived at Donggu Liudu Pass, and since they detected that the Kuomintang planes were about to arrive, Huang Gongluo quickly went into hiding, and the staff officer on duty came to report that the seventh division was marching eastward.
Huang Gongluo immediately jumped out of the hidden hole, ignored the guards' obstruction, quickly jumped down the hillside and ordered the Seventh Division to hide, he raised his telescope to observe the enemy planes, and commanded the machine guns to strafe the Kuomintang planes, and the seventh division's team quickly became hidden, leaving only Huang Gongluo leading three machine guns, exposed on the hillside to attract the attention of the Kuomintang planes.
Figure 丨 Schematic diagram of the third anti-"encirclement and suppression" campaign
In the face of the crazy strafing of the enemy plane, Huang Gongluo commanded the machine gunner to shoot, seeing that the shooting was ineffective, Huang Gongluo rushed up with an arrow step and prepared to shoot himself, just at this time the enemy plane attacked with another round of strafing, Huang Gongluo did not have time to lie down and hide, and was hit in the chest by the bullet. When Chairman Mao, who was on his way to Xingguo, heard about it, he immediately turned around and rushed to the scene and instructed the doctors to do everything possible to rescue them. However, due to his serious injuries, Huang Gongluo died due to ineffective medical treatment.
Huang Gongluo's prestige in the Red Army and the Soviet Union was very high, and after the bad news of his sacrifice spread, commanders and fighters and the masses everywhere cried bitterly. After Huang Gongluo's sacrifice, Chairman Mao personally presided over the memorial meeting, and on both sides of the rostrum hung a note written by Chairman Mao himself:
The Guangzhou riots did not die, the Pingjiang riots did not die, and now they are sacrificed, and they hate the catastrophe that fell from the sky;
Revolutionary wars have made meritorious contributions, guerrilla warfare has made meritorious contributions, and he has been brave all his life, so as to teach future generations to succeed the king.
Chairman Mao's sacrifice made Chairman Mao grief-stricken, and he said to others more than once: "Comrade Huang Gongluo is very strong in politics and military, and it is a pity that he died." After Peng Dehuai heard the news, he could not sleep for several days, and he was saddened by the loss of a loyal comrade-in-arms.
Figure丨 Situation of the Su Conference
In order to commemorate this outstanding general who died young, in the same year, chairman Mao, after assuming the presidency of the Chinese Soviet Republic, issued three consecutive orders: to build the "Gongluo Pavilion" where Huang Gongluo died; to name the infantry school of the Red Army "Gongluo Infantry School"; and to merge the red areas of Ji'an and Jishui counties and name them "Gongluo County". Peng Dehuai later personally mourned the inscription "Gongluo Pavilion".
After Huang Gongluo's sacrifice, Chairman Mao was very worried about the safety of Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter who remained in his hometown, and sent people to his hometown in Hunan to search for him many times, but there was no result. In 1939, when Xu Teli went to work at the Eighth Route Army's Communications Office in Hunan Province, Chairman Mao once again remembered Huang Gongluo's widow and asked Xu Teli to try to find Huang Gongluo's wife Liu Yuying and daughter Huang Shixin.
After Xu Teli arrived in Hengyang, he wrote a letter to Liu Yuying, asking her to take her daughter to Hengyang to meet. Before Xu Teli sent the letter, Premier Zhou also wrote a letter to Liu Yuying when he inspected Hengyang, and in less than half a year, Liu Yuying received two letters from the party in succession, and she read the letter over and over again with excitement, thinking that she must hurry to meet and report to everyone that she is safe.
Figure 丨 GongLiu Pavilion
Because Liu Yuying is a small foot, it is very inconvenient to walk, she also specially hired a palanquin to Hengyang to meet With Xu Teli, after seeing Xu Teli, Liu Yuying cried silently and poured out all her situation over the years. Originally, Xu Teli wanted to take Liu Yuying's mother and daughter to Yan'an, but Liu Yuying did not bring her daughter, and there was a mother-in-law to serve in the family. Xu Teli dispelled this idea and instructed Liu Yuying to take good care of his family and come back to pick them up after the victory of the revolution.
After returning from Hengyang, Liu Yuying still lived in the old house, which has lived for more than ten years.
<h1 class="pgc-h-center-line" data-track="115" > "Be half a daughter."</h1>
After the liberation of Hunan in August 1949, Peng Dehuai, who was holding a meeting in Beijing, worried about the families of the cadres of our party who would be maimed after Bai Chongxi retired to Hengyang, found his nephew Peng Qichao, who was working in the Central Guard Corps, on the sidelines of the meeting, and asked him to go south with the army to Xiangxiang, Hunan, to find Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter, and repeatedly advised:
"This is not only my personal relationship with Huang Gongluo, but also reflects the party's concern, Chairman Mao sent people to look for it more than a decade ago, and you immediately escorted Liu Yuying's mother and daughter to Beijing after you found it."
Picture 丨 Xu Teli old photo
As soon as Peng Qichao arrived in Changsha to settle down, he reported to Xiao Jinguang, commander of the corps, hoping that he could immediately go to Xiangxiang to find Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter. Considering the complicated environment at that time, in order to ensure Peng Qichao's safety, the organization assigned him a cadre and a soldier to accompany him to Xiangxiang.
Three people disguised as businessmen, looking around in Huang Gongluo's hometown, under the guidance of the masses, finally found Huang Gongluo's home, but unfortunately the door of the home was closed and empty, Peng Qichao felt a little disappointed, after inquiring from the surrounding villagers, when he learned that Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter were still alive, Peng Qichao's heart was solid.
Because Bai Chongxi's troops were very tightly controlled in the Xiangxiang area at that time, and there were wars from time to time, Peng Qichao and his party were not suitable for a long time, and regrettably left Xiangxiang to return to Changsha. Xiao Jinguang and Wang Shoudao, chairman of the Hunan Provincial Government, took the initiative to take on the responsibility of finding the whereabouts of Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter after Peng Qichao left.
Pictured: Peng Dehuai's nephew Peng Qichao
After discussion, the two men decided that it would be really difficult to send an unfamiliar person to look for them, and Wang Shoudao proposed to ask the comrades of the underground party to come forward to find them. Xiao Jinguang readily agreed to this proposal and found Zhou Li, the underground party secretary of Hunan Province, to discuss it together. Zhou Li told them that Hu Kaijiong, deputy secretary of the Xiangxiang County Working Committee, knew some information about Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter, and the three of them immediately smiled happily.
Xiao Jinguang called Commander Zhong Wei, who was stationed in Xiangtan, and asked him to get in touch with Hu Kaijiong, who heard that he was looking for Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter, and immediately agreed to come down and provide Zhong Wei with an underground party member named Huang Dingping. Huang Dingping was in charge of the underground party work in Huang Gongluo's hometown, and he was very clear about the situation of Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter, and the heavy responsibility of finding Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter fell on his shoulders.
Without further ado, Huang Dingping summoned other members of the underground party to discuss the plan to find Huang Gongluo's wife and daughter and escort. After some searching, they were finally found at Liu Yuying's brother-in-law's house. After Huang Dingping's uncle Huang Zupei arrived, he explained his intentions to Liu Yuying's mother and daughter and immediately took them to the designated place.
Figure 丨 Huang Gongluo's wife Liu Yuying
On the way, Liu Yuying asked to go back to the old house, and in addition to bringing some clothes, he also found two letters written to him by Premier Zhou and Xu Teli and a photo of Huang Gongluo from the vegetable field hidden deep in his family. Along the way, escorted by Huang Dingping, they first evaded Bai Chongxi's troops, and when they entered Xiangtan, they were interrogated by the People's Liberation Army, and after Liu Yuying took out the letters of Premier Zhou and the photo of Huang Gongluo, they successfully passed the Checkpoint of the People's Liberation Army.
After Liu Yuying's mother and daughter arrived in Xiangtan, they were personally received by Zhong Wei, and the next day under Zhong Wei's arrangement, Huang Dingping escorted the mother and daughter to Changsha. Wang Shoudao asked the staff to buy some clothes and daily necessities for Liu Yuying's mother and daughter, but Liu Yuying refused to accept them no matter what:
"Finding a loved one is better than anything."
Because Huang Dingping was too busy to escape, he recommended Huang Gongluo's nephew Huang Zuyu to escort Liu Yuying's mother and daughter to Beijing. Huang Zuyu studied at the Hunan Revolutionary University and was relatively progressive in his thinking. In September, Huang Zuyu escorted Liu Yuying's mother and daughter from Changsha to Shanghai, and finally arrived in Beijing smoothly.
Pictured huang gongluo's wife and daughter
Since Liu Yuying's mother and daughter arrived in Beijing, Peng Dehuai regarded their mother and daughter as relatives, and even more regarded Huang Gongluo's daughter Huang Shixin as his own biological child, taking the initiative to assume the responsibility of raising the orphans of martyrs and sharing worries for the country. Peng Dehuai saw Liu Yuying's mother and daughter for the first time and said to Huang Shixin kindly:
"Little comrade, when you arrive in Beijing, you will arrive at your own home, and if you need anything, just talk to your uncle."
Peng Dehuai's words made Huang Shixin's heart warm suddenly, and since then, "little comrade" has become Peng Dehuai's love name for Huang Shixin. Peng Dehuai not only gave Huang Shixin some study materials, but also prepared some daily necessities for Liu Yuying. In 1950, Peng Dehuai was about to go to Korea to command the battle, and before leaving, he met liu Yuying's mother and daughter again.
After Liu Yuying learned of Peng Dehuai's situation, he proposed that Huang Shixin make Peng Dehuai a daughter, and Peng Dehuai smiled and said to Liu Yuying:
"You only have one daughter, so be half a daughter!"
Pictured: Peng Dehuai poses with his family
Subsequently, Peng Dehuai instructed Huang Shixin that as a descendant of the revolution, the party and the people are still sending her to school, and she must study hard and not live up to the expectations of the party and the people. In 1954, Huang Shixin was admitted to the Plains Agricultural College, but she did not want to leave a big city like Beijing, so she went to Peng Dehuai to "intercede".
At that time, Zhu De was also present, and the two elders enlightened Huang Shixin together. Zhu De advised Huang Shixin that the descendants of the revolution should obey the organization and distribution, and they should not make trouble. Peng Dehuai took Zhu De's words and said that if he wanted to beijing, he would wait for the holiday to come late, and this was her home.
Later, Huang Shixin figured out this truth and happily obeyed the distribution of the organization, Peng Dehuai was very happy after learning about it, and also took out 40 yuan to hand it to her, instructing her not to add trouble to the organization, take the money she gave, and don't go to the Central Organization Department to ask for money. Later, the institution was adjusted, and Huang Shixin returned to Beijing after only one year of university study in other places.
Picture 丨 Peng De nostalgic photo
After Peng Dehuai moved out of Zhongnanhai, Huang Shixin always believed in Peng Dehuai's personality, insisted on visiting Peng Dehuai despite advice, and always regarded Peng Dehuai as a father. Whenever he thought of Chairman Mao, Zhu De, and Uncle Peng's concern and care for himself and his mother, Huang Shixin always burst into tears and silently thanked them in his heart.