<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="3" > Author: Nerve endings</h1>
In June 1928, Guo Liang, secretary of the Xianggan Special Committee of the Communist Party of China, was killed. Guo Liang was arrested on March 27, 1928, and was killed after being released to Changsha due to the whistle-blowing of the traitor Su Xianjun, and the Kuomintang troops surrounded the Xiang'egan Special Committee of the Communist Party of China on Hanlin Street in Yueyang.
As a result of Guo Liang's sacrifice, in June 1928, the Hunan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to transfer Teng Daiyuan, secretary of the Xiangdong Special Committee, to be the secretary of the Xiang'egan Special Committee of the COMMUNIST Party of China, and the Xiang'egan Special Committee was responsible for leading the counties of Pingjiang, Yueyang and Linxiang in Hunan, Tongcheng, Tongshan, Chongyang, Daye, and Yangxin in Hubei, and Xiushui, Tonggu, and Wanzai in Jiangxi. Due to the destruction of the special committee organs stationed in Yueyang City, the provincial party committee demanded that the establishment of the Xiang'e-Gansu special committee be quickly resumed.
Teng Daiyuan, a Miao, nicknamed Long Zhao, took the pseudonyms Tang Dayuan and Li Guang after participating in the revolution. He was born on November 2, 1904 to a peasant family in xia hawksbill turtle slope village (now Damenpo village in Yanmen Township) in Mayang County, Hunan Province. While studying at the Hunan Provincial Second Normal School in Changde, he joined the revolution and joined the Communist Party of China.
At this time, He Chang and Lin Zhongdan went to the Xiangdong Special Committee at the behest of the Hunan Provincial Cpc Committee, and the two told Teng Daiyuan that Peng Dehuai, the regimental commander of the 1st Regiment of the Independent 5th Division of the National Revolutionary Army stationed in Pingjiangcheng, was a member of the Communist Party of China, and the person in charge of the party was Deng Ping, a deputy of the regimental headquarters, and instructed: If the conditions are ripe, an uprising can be organized and the 5th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army can be established.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="5" > Peng Dehuai secretly called his subordinates to save Huang Gongluo: come to the hospital to see a doctor</h1>
After Teng Daiyuan accepted the task, he got up in early July 1928 and went to Liuyang and Pingjiang to find the CCP organization here and learn about the situation of the independent 5th Division and the 1st Regiment. On this day, Teng Daiyuan arrived in a small town called Bingzishan Township in Liuyang County. At that time, the Liuyang County CPC Committee was holding an enlarged meeting of the county party committee here. Teng Daiyuan then met with zhang qilong, Wang Shoudao, liu darong, and other members of the county party committee. He also attended the meeting as a special commissioner of the provincial party committee. After that, Pan Xinyuan, member of the Standing Committee of the Xiangdong Special Committee and secretary of the Liuyang County CPC Committee, and Jiang Changqing, the new secretary of the Xiangdong Special Committee, also arrived and attended the meeting.
After the meeting, the CPC Liuyang County dispatched traffic personnel to escort Teng Daiyuan to Pingjiang, and in the muddy water town of Pingjiang Dongxiang, Teng Daiyuan met Zhong Zhiguang, director of the Organization Department and military minister of the Pingjiang County CPC Committee, Hu Fang, director of the Finance Department of the COUNTY CPC Committee, and Zhang Jingwu, director of the Propaganda Department. Zhong Zhiguang and others briefed Teng Daiyuan on the Pingjiang Party, the guerrillas, and Peng Dehuai's troops. After that, Zhong Qiguang sent guerrillas disguised as poor peasants and carried Teng Daiyuan into the city in a small car.
After Teng Daiyuan entered Pingjiang City, he followed the instructions of Lin Zhongdan and He Chang when he set out from Anyuan, went straight to the 1st Regiment Headquarters, met Deng Ping in the name of visiting "old colleagues", and took over the party relations. Then, Deng Ping found Huang Chunyi and He Yi and Teng in the city to meet. Everyone was very happy to see each other. Deng Ping and others told Teng that Peng Dehuai had taken his troops out of the city to inspect them, and Deng Ping immediately wrote to Peng Dehuai and sent someone to send them, asking Peng to return to the city quickly.
Deng Ping is a native of Fushun, Sichuan. Born in 1908. In 1926, he was admitted to the Wuhan branch of the Huangpu Military Academy to study. In the same year, he joined the Communist Youth League of China and transferred to the Communist Party of China in 1927.
On the morning of July 18, the day teng dai marched into Pingjiang, Peng Dehuai led the platoon leader Zhang Rongsheng and several soldiers to the 2nd Battalion of Sicun on horseback. Battalion commander Chen Pengfei assembled the team, and Peng Dehuai spoke. He talked about the situation of the white terror created by the reactionary rule in Pingjiang County, and at this moment, a relative of Chen Pengfei rushed from Changsha to say that yesterday Changsha had cracked the Communist Party organization and found that there was a pass written by Huang Gongliu, the principal of the school, and that Zhou Pan recognized Huang's handwriting. Chen Pengfei listened nervously and said to Peng Dehuai, "We are all classmates of the Martial Arts Hall with Gongluo, and we must think of ways to save him." ”
Peng Dehuai said: "If you think about it, how can you save him?" ”
Chen Pengfei said, "You let him escape, or hide." ”
Peng Dehuai thought about it and said, "After returning to the regimental headquarters to understand the situation in Changsha, I will tell you again!" ”
Chen Pengfei sent Peng Dehuai outside the town and repeatedly said: "We are colleagues and classmates with Gongluo, and the regimental commander has a deeper relationship with him, so we must rescue him." Finally, Chen Pengfei said deeply: "As long as I can save Huang Gongluo from danger, I will listen to the words of the regiment commander in everything." ”
Peng Dehuai graciously shook Chen Pengfei's hand and said, "My mood is the same as yours!" ”
Peng Dehuai saw that the situation was urgent, so he hurried back to Pingjiang County. When he arrived at Pingjiang at about 4 p.m., he did not return to the regimental headquarters, but went straight to the county telegraph office, and when the director saw that it was Peng Dehuai, he immediately nodded and said: "The regimental commander patrols in the summer and serves the country and the people..."
Peng Dehuai interrupted him and asked, "Is there a telegram coming from Changsha?" ”
"There is a secret telegram for you, and another copy is for the division headquarters, which is being checked."
Peng Dehuai said, "I'm about to go to the division headquarters, so I'll take it with me!" ”
The director nodded and said yes. At the moment, Peng Dehuai took two telegrams and typed a receipt, that is, he returned to the regimental headquarters and urgently translated it, which was Chen Yucheng's telegram to Peng Dehuai, which said: The special committee of the Communist Party of Nanhua'an was cracked, and the person in charge of the special committee was arrested in Changsha, confessing that Huang Gongluo was a communist, Zhou Pan also recognized that the pass for the person in charge of the special committee was written by Huang Gongluo himself, and Zhou Pan asked Li Huigen, deputy division commander, to immediately arrest Huang Gongluo, Huang Chunyi, and He Guozhong. Zhou Pan's telegram to Li Huigen was the same. Peng Dehuai read the telegram and immediately asked Zhang Rongsheng to inform He Guozhong and others to go to the county hospital's Huang Chunyi ward for a meeting at 7 p.m. -- when Huang Chunyi's lung disease recurred, he was being hospitalized. Peng Dehuai's move was to hide his eyes and ears by means of medical treatment, so as not to arouse the suspicion of the reactionaries.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="7" > In order to save Huang Gongluo, Peng Dehuai chose to take the risk of uprising</h1>
Just at this moment, Deng Ping came to Peng Dehuai's place and said: "Comrade Teng Daiyuan, a commissioner of the provincial party committee, has come to inspect the local work in Pingjiang and Liuyang in Xiangdong Province, and is now living in the Mirror Sky Hostel next to Li Can's place." ”
After Peng Dehuai listened, he said happily: "It was too coincidental. ”
Peng Dehuai told Deng Ping and others about the situation he had obtained from Chen Pengfei, and showed Deng Ping and others the telegram from Chen Yucheng. Zhang Rongsheng angrily complained to Huang Gongluo: "When I was in Nan County, the special committee asked me to make a pass to build a pass to build the regimental headquarters for customs defense, but I did not give it, and criticized them, but they were still careless. ”
Peng Dehuai said: "Complaining is useless, how to deal with the current problem." ”
Deng Ping asked, "What to do?" ”
Peng Dehuai said: "Now there is only rioting, and there must be no hesitation. ”
Deng and Zhang said almost in unison, "Good! The two men added: "It is good to grasp the situation, otherwise it will be completely caught." ”
At 7 p.m., Peng Dehuai, Deng Ping, Zhang Rongsheng, Li Can, Li Li, and Li Guang arrived at Huang Chunyi's ward. Teng Daiyuan also came, he tightly held Peng Dehuai's hand, looked at the communist leader of the Kuomintang army, very excited, and then Teng also met with the others one by one.
Here are Li Can, He Guozhong, Huang Chunyi, and Li Guangliu. Li Can, formerly known as Wen Bin (文彬), was a native of Lijia Village, Yizhang County, Hunan Province (now part of Changchong Village, Chengguan Town, Hunan Province). Born on November 1I, 1901 to a wealthy middle-peasant family. He dropped out of high school in 1917 and returned home. This winter, he married Xiao Yingmei. At this time, Li Can's brother-in-law Xiao Wenduo served as chief of staff in the Lu Diping Department of the Xiang Army, and through his introduction, Li Can served as a soldier in 1918 in the 1st Company of the 1st Battalion, 6th Regiment, 6th Regiment of the 2nd Division of the Xiang Army, and happened to be in the same squad as Peng Dehuai. Since then, he has become close friends with Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo, and gradually embarked on the revolutionary road.
He Guo's original name was He Zuhui (何祖徽), the character書帆. A native of Fengle Township, Xiangxiang County, Hunan Province (now part of Xinzhuang Village, Shuangjiang Township, Lianyuan County).
Born on January 24, 1904, to a poor peasant family. In 1920, he went to Hengyang to serve as a soldier in the 3rd Regiment of the 2nd Brigade of zhao Hengti's army. He was promoted to platoon leader in 1923. In the winter of 1924, he was transferred to the 2nd Brigade Headquarters of the 4th Division of the Xiang Army as an aide-de-camp. Later, he served as an aide-de-camp to the headquarters of the 4th Division of Tang Shengzhi's 8th Army. In January 1927, He Guozhong was sent to the Huangpu Military Academy in Guangdong to study, and together with Huang Gongluo and Huang Chunyi of the 35th Army, he was admitted to the military section of the senior class of the school. He forged a deep revolutionary friendship with Huang Gongluo and Huang Chunyi. His graduation coincided with the white terror that enveloped the Whampoa Military Academy, and he joined the Chinese Communist Party at this time. After graduating from He Guozhong, he came to Nanxian County, Hunan province in early March 1928 with Huang Gongluo and Huang Chunyi, and on the recommendation of Peng Dehuai and Huang Gongluo, He Guoguang went to the Military and Political School of the Independent 5th Division of the National Revolutionary Army as the chief of education, responsible for the political education of the school.
Huang Chunyi was born in 1905 on the second day of the tenth lunar month of the lunar calendar in Fanggaoping Jinji Nest, Huanggang County, Hubei Province. Because of his intelligence and studiousness, he was known as a "prodigy" in the local area. In 1922, Huang Chunyi served under Ben Ren of the Jiangxi Governor's Army as a platoon leader. Descendants of the Whampoa Military Academy. After graduation, Chiang Kai-shek assigned him to a certain ministry in Nanjing as a staff officer, but he did not accept the appointment but returned to his hometown to engage in revolutionary activities. After the defeat of the Revolution in 1927, Huang was informed by the landlord Qin Chuanbi, and he had to flee from home to Wuhan, and then to Hunan, where he found Huang Gongluo, whom he had met in Guangzhou. In March 1928, Huang Chunyi, together with Huang Gongluo and He Guozhong, went to NanXian and served as the commander of the 5th Division's accompanying battalion school, by which time Huang had already joined the Communist Party of China.
Li Guang's milk name is Li Shiqing. Born January 30, 1900. A native of Hanshou County, Hunan Province. Li Guang grew up poor. He lost his father at the age of 6 and went to work on carpentry run by the capitalists at the age of 15, and he was dissatisfied with the exploitation and oppression of the capitalists, and often organized workers to struggle against the capitalists. He joined the Communist Party of China in October 1926. In the spring of 1928, Peng Dehuai urgently needed a loyal Communist Party member to serve as his service soldier in order to cover the work of the Party. In the middle of April of the lunar calendar of that year, on the recommendation of Yao Jingguo, the liaison officer of the South China Special Committee at that time, and with the approval of the party organization, Li Guang was sent to Peng Dehuai's side as a service soldier, at which time he changed Li Shiqing's name to Li Guang.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="9" > Peng Dehuai held an emergency meeting of the league party committee to discuss whether to revolt</h1>
Words turned back. Peng Dehuai, Deng Ping, Zhang Rongsheng, Li Can, Li Li, and Li Guang went to Huang Chunyi's hospital room in the name of seeing a doctor, and after meeting with Teng Daiyuan, Peng Dehuai immediately told the story of the situation that because of the arrest of the traffic officer of the South China Security Special Committee, Huang Gongluo and the other three people had been exposed, and Zhou Pan ordered the immediate arrest of the three people. Later, he said: "Today, an emergency meeting of the Party Committee of the League is held, and I invite you to discuss whether there is an uprising or not. ”
Li Can seemed to hesitate a little about the uprising, he said: "Now the uprising, the time is not ripe, it is a little hasty, the situation after the uprising is not very favorable to me, and it may be better by the end of the year." I think we can let the three of them escape, and when they have to, the regimental commander can also avoid it. ”
Peng Dehuai said emphatically: "Determined to revolt, we cannot hesitate at all!" Hesitation leads to failure. ”
Li Can listened and immediately agreed: "Good! Give up your hesitation and revolt now! ”
Zhang Rongsheng said about the situation of the 1st Battalion, he believed that the work of the 1st Battalion was assured, he said: "The soldiers hate the reactionary county government and the Qingxiang Committee. Every time the reactionary government and the regimental defense against the killing of young students and peasants were conveyed among the soldiers, the soldiers were indignant. ”
Li Li said: "The same is true of the special agent company and the machine gun company, only the divisional special agent battalion did not react at all, or an iron plate." ”
Zhang Rongsheng interjected: "The main reason is that they did not do their work, and the soldiers of the 2nd Battalion were in a poor mood, and it was also because they did not do their work." ”
Huang Chunyi said: "The work of the 3rd Battalion has developed greatly in the past month, and the soldiers are resentful of the Kuomintang and local reactionaries, and their emotions are rising day by day. Now the county government and the Qingxiang Committee did not dare to kill people during the day, let alone kill people in the wrong tree. When they kill people secretly at night, soldiers also automatically organize patrols to obstruct them. Everyone still had doubts and complaints about the regimental commander, saying why didn't the regimental commander come out to interfere in such a matter? Why don't you come out and lead a regiment to kill these bastards? ”
Peng Dehuai said: "Are these just your 9 companies?" ”
Huang Chunyi said: "Not only 9 companies, 10, 11, 12 companies are also like this." Huang also said: "Now that we are preparing to introduce three people to join the Communist Party, Li Jukui, the leader of the 9th Company, has been particularly active in asking to join the party." ”
Zhang Rongsheng said: "The tragic killing of peasants and young students in the wrong tree flat and the indignant obstruction of the killing of the 3rd Battalion soldiers, the 1st and 2nd Battalions, the Special Agent Company, and the Machine Gun Company were notified, that is, the Division Special Agent Battalion was not notified. ”
"The secret soldiers of the 1st Battalion and the regimental subordinates will take the initiative to demand recovery from the bottom up," Peng said. Gather the secret soldier members tonight and get ready to make a fuss. Now the salary arrears are longer than in Nan County, and they have not been paid for more than 5 months, and only two yuan have been advanced since March. The disturbance is the main means of launching an uprising, from secret to public, to win the participation or sympathy of battalion, company and platoon leaders, and it can also be said that the regiment commander agrees to do so. Only by making trouble could we break through the fortress of more than 200 people in the division's special service battalion and unite the vast majority of the whole regiment, so as to effectively defend against the possible attack of the 2nd and 3rd regiments. ”
After listening to Peng Dehuai's proposal to use the disturbance as a means, everyone said that they were all good, and suddenly their confidence was multiplied, their momentum was greatly increased, and they said that with the experience of making trouble in the past, they would certainly be able to win. Several people in the same voice: determined to revolt, unwavering! It was decided to revolt at 1 p.m. on July 22 (june 6 of the lunar calendar) at 1 p.m.
At present, a specific division of labor was made: Li Li was responsible for organizing the forces of the two companies of machine guns and secret agents, and sent representatives to collude with the division's special agent battalion to make trouble; Li Can and Zhang Rongsheng were responsible for leading the 1st battalion and colluding with the 2nd battalion to make trouble, organizing a soldiers' committee, and winning the participation or sympathy of the battalion commander and company commander; Zhang Rongsheng and organizing the personnel of the headquarters of the 1st regiment and the 2nd and 3rd regiments to make trouble; Li Guang sent a letter to Huang Gongluo, the 3rd battalion of the 3rd regiment of the 3rd regiment in Chiayi Town, instructing him to revolt at 1 p.m. on the 22nd, which could only be slightly late, not in advance;
Xi Hongquan and another person surnamed Guo were sent to the He Guozhong Office in Yuezhou to inform him of the above situation, asking him to immediately drive the school to Pingjiang, saying only that it was an order from the division headquarters, and it was estimated that the order could be delivered on the evening of the 19th and at noon on the 20th at the latest; Teng Daiyuan, the provincial commissioner, was responsible for political work and was responsible for contacting local parties and establishing governments; Deng Ping participated in the drafting of slogans, slogans, leaflets, and bulletins for the uprising; and Peng Dehuai was responsible for the preparations for eliminating vigilante groups, clearing the townships, the police, the county bureau, the release of prisoners, and the settlement of the division headquarters Li Can and Lei Zhenhui were responsible for eliminating the door-to-door regiment of the Qingxiang Committee; Huang Chunyi mobilized the 9th Company and, as far as possible, won the participation of the whole battalion in the settlement of the county garrison and police, released prison prisoners, guarded the division headquarters, and arrested reactionary personnel of the organs. The special agent company and the machine gun company were to monitor the division's special service battalion during the uprising. All preparatory work is required to be completed before noon on the 20th, and at noon on the 20th, all preparatory work is reported to Peng Dehuai once.
Since Teng Daiyuan's identity had not yet been made public in the army, in order to facilitate his work, he moved from the "Mirror in the Sky" Hotel to live in a peasant's hut behind Tianyue Academy outside the county town. The owner of the house is called Zhong Jilan, a farmer, honest, and Deng Ping also lives here at the same time. This place was very close to Li Can's troops, which was both remote and convenient for work, and was an ideal place.
Teng Daiyuan put forward demands on the political propositions after the uprising and the implementation of the land policy program, the main ones were: (1) the complete elimination of the militia groups in Pingjiang City, the door-to-door regiments, and other landlord reactionary forces, the arrest of reactionary leaders such as county chiefs, provincial inspectors, deputy division commanders of the independent 5th Division, and all local tycoons and inferior gentry; (2) the announcement of the establishment of the 5th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and the transfer of some of the captured weapons to the local party committees to arm the workers and peasants; (3) the establishment of the Pingjiang County Workers' and Peasants' And Soldiers' Soviet Government, and the announcement of the land policy program and labor decrees, first of all, non-repayment of debts. Do not pay rent, beat up local tycoons, divide the land, implement the "three-eight work system", and increase wages;
Release all political prisoners in prison; (5) Establish revolutionary base areas on the border of Xiang'e-Gansu and seek to mingle with the areas where the Red 4 Army operates. Establish a government of workers', peasants' and soldiers' Soviets on the border between Xianggan and Gansu in order to lead the revolutionary struggle in a unified way; (6) improve the lives of soldiers. All the officers and men who participated in the uprising were found to be three yuan. Officials, soldiers, and husbands were treated equally, the economy was open, revolutionary soldiers' committees were established, chiefs were elected, and swearing and slave education were abolished; (7) salaries were collected from rich merchants, and the property of landlords and gentry and reactionary leaders was confiscated. (8) Oppose all imperialism and confiscate the churches, enterprises and property of the imperialists in Pingjiang and give them to the Government of the Workers', Peasants' and Soldiers' Soviets; (9) the people have freedom of speech, press, association, assembly, strike, etc.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="11" > Author Profile: Nerve endings, engineering history enthusiast, works scattered in various newspapers and magazines. </h1>