On November 19, 1884, Long Yun was born in a family of toastmasters in Songle Village, Zhaotong, Yunnan, whose ancestors were yi people from Liangshan, Sichuan, and his grandfather had served as a tribal chief, and his father's Han name was Long Qingquan, and Long Yun also had a Yi name in addition to his Han name, called "Naji Cape".
At the age of nineteen, Long Yun, with a good kung fu, broke into the old lair of Yu Haishan, the evil bandit of the Green Forest, and cut the grass and roots, eliminating harm for the people. After the establishment of the Republic of China in January 1912, Long Yun had good luck and was quickly sent to the Fourth Phase of the Yunnan Army's Cavalry Section to study after returning to Yunnan with the Dian Army. In the Lecture Hall, Long Yun, with a good kung fu, did a heroic thing that was acclaimed and acclaimed -- in the autumn of this year, a French Hercules went to the Lecture Hall to swing the ring, and a few days ago, he won consecutive battles, and just when this foreign devil was clamoring to fight invincible hands all over the world, Long Yun, who was sick, wore a pair of straw shoes and boarded the ring. The fierce people did not talk much, and within three rounds, the French Hercules was knocked to the ground, and Long Yun's reputation in the Dian army rose from then on, and it attracted the attention of Tang Jiyao, the governor of Yunnan.
Later an aide-de-camp to Tang Jiyao, the governor of Yunnan, in 1922, at the age of 38, he was appointed commander of the Fifth Army.
As the saying goes, a soldier who doesn't want to be a general is not a good soldier. As Long Yun's military power grew, he became more and more unwilling to be subordinate to Tang Jiyao. Thus, in 1927, he staged a coup d'état to force Tang Jiyao to step down, and he himself took control of the military and political power in Yunnan, beginning his 18-year rule over Yunnan. Because when he managed Yunnan, he maintained a relatively stable situation in the territory, and carried out a series of rectification and reforms in the military, cultural, educational, economic and other aspects, and there were certain effects, so that Yunnan's comprehensive strength was enhanced. Therefore, Long Yun is known as the "King of Yunnan".
Later, when our troops were surrounded by the Japanese army, Long Yun once led the troops to save our troops.
During the Long March of the Red Army, Long Yun was open to the Red Army, and originally did not want to cause trouble, so it was mainly driven, and there was a story of "Long Yun presenting pictures", what happened?
Although Longyun later turned to revolution, the "Longyun Present Map" that occurred during the Long March was not the result of this local powerful faction taking the initiative to show goodwill to the Red Army, but the result of the main force of the Central Red Army after entering Yunnan. In April 1935, after the main force of the Central Red Army entered Yunnan, it immediately created a huge momentum for the attack on Kunming. The "King of Yunnan" Long Yun stared at an empty city, and his heart was so frightened that he hurriedly dispatched the elite main force of the Dian Army back to Bao Provincial City. Because Long Yun continued to call for help, Chiang Kai-shek also ordered Xue Yue's troops of the Central Army to advance toward Kunming day and night along the road of the Red Army.
History is full of coincidences. Just as the vanguard of the Red Army was advancing reconnaissance along the Dianqian Highway, it collided head-on with a truck coming from the direction of Kunming. "Be the enemy, ready to fight!" Experienced Red Army soldiers quickly took cover on both sides of the road. The enemy apparently did not detect anything unusual, and the truck drove all the way along the road. With a few crisp gunshots, the Red Army soldiers rushed out like divine soldiers descending from heaven, blocking the truck. The truck was filled with local yunnan specialties - Xuanwei ham, Pu'er famous tea and so on. In addition, there were many medicines, especially Yunnan Baiyao, which was very precious at that time and specialized in treating bruises. These were all gifts that Long Yun had specially given to Xue Yue, but unexpectedly they had become the spoils of war for the Red Army. What was even more coincidental was that the Red Army also captured from the car two packages of 1:100,000 scale maps of Yunnan provided by Long Yun according to Xue Yue's request, which were still printed in chromatic colors, which was very beautiful. Long Yun originally wanted to send a plane to deliver it, but because the pilot was sick, he used a truck to send it instead.
Chen Yun, then political commissar of the Column of the Central Military Commission, recorded this history in the "Records of Seeing and Hearing with the Army On Its Westward Journey": "When the Red Army surrounded Qujing and advanced towards MaLong, it intercepted the car taken by Xue Yue, an aide-de-camp from Kunming, which was full of military maps and the famous white medicine in Yunnan (which can be healed by gunshot wounds, extremely valuable). When the car was 20 miles away from Qujing, it encountered the Red Army. Therefore, the guards adjutants were all handed over their guns, and the military map was not handed over to Xue Yue but was used by the Red Army to cross the Jinsha River, and white medicine, ham, and tea were all enjoyed by the Red Army. Therefore, every time the soldiers of the Red Army talk about this, they are all hilarious. Zhou Enlai was overjoyed to learn that a military map had been intercepted.
Mao Zedong laughed and joked: "When Liu Bei entered the river, it was Zhang Songxian's map; now that we have crossed Yunnan into Sichuan, it is the map of Longyun's 'dedication', and the omen is good!" Using the captured military maps, Mao Zedong quickly found out the three Jinsha River crossings of Longjie, Kyaukpyeong, and Hongmen, and plotted the location, mutual distance, and route of passage of the crossings and sent them to the troops. The Red Army quickly seized these three crossings with lightning speed, crossed the Jinsha River smoothly in the north, got rid of the encirclement and blockade of hundreds of thousands of enemy troops, and won a decisive victory since the Long March.
On August 8, 1937, Long Yun went to Nanjing to attend the National Defense Conference of the Republic of China Government. He expressed his willingness to send 20,000 troops to support the War of Resistance, saying at the meeting: "I will pour out all the manpower and financial resources of the locality, contribute them to the country, sacrifice everything, and fight the Japanese to the end!" In the Battle of Taierzhuang, the 69th Army, which shocked the whole country, was one of his troops.
His attitude showed the determination of the people of Yunnan to resolutely resist the Japanese army! After that, Long Yun led the Yunnan military and civilians to fight against the Japanese army many times.
More than a month after Japan's surrender, Du Yuming launched the "Ten.Three" coup in Kunming, and Long Yun was dismissed from all posts in Yunnan. He escaped to Wuhua Mountain, was forced to fly to Chongqing because he resisted his master's orders, and was forced to follow the Republic of China government to Nanjing. At the end of 1948, he fled to Hong Kong by plane. On August 13 of the following year, he published an article entitled "Our Understanding and Propositions of the Chinese Revolution at the Present Stage", formally declared the uprising, supported the leadership of our party, and later successively served as a member of the Central People's Government and vice chairman of the National Defense Commission.
On December 9, 1949, under the persuasion of Long Yun, Lu Han led an uprising and Yunnan was peacefully liberated. Because of his wisdom and merit, Long Yun was treated with courtesy in New China, and although he was mistakenly worn by the "rightist" hat in the middle of the way, on June 28, 1962, the day after his death, the wrong hat was immediately removed, which was very rare at the time.
In his conversation with Gu Yingqiu (the third wife), the widow of Long Yun, Premier Zhou affirmed the three major contributions of the former Yunnan wang: first, he made meritorious contributions to China's democratic revolution; second, he made meritorious contributions to opposing Chiang Kai-shek's personal dictatorship; and third, throughout the War of Resistance Against Japan, he resolutely supported the War of Resistance Against Japan until victory.
After Long Yun's death, the ashes went into the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.