Flocks of egrets flutter on the blue waves, wild soybeans produce bunches of pods on the shore, goldfish algae float in the deep water, firethorn fruit red cheeks in the autumn wind... In the autumn of October, Peixian Anguo Lake Wetland Park becomes a paradise for wild animals and plants. Statistics show that 89 species of birds and 155 species of vascular plants have appeared here.
The harmony of Peixian Anguohu Wetland Park is just a silhouette of Xuzhou's biodiversity conservation.
On 11 October, the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) was held in Kunming, Yunnan Province, to determine a global strategy for biodiversity conservation in the next decade.
Biodiversity is an important foundation and guarantee for ecological priority and green development. The latest census shows that Xuzhou has more than 300 species of vertebrates, more than 210 species of invertebrates, 9 species of wild animals under national key protection, 1196 species and varieties of vascular plants, and 27 species of endemic and rare protected plants. On the road of improving the ability and level of biodiversity conservation, Xuzhou has done a lot of useful exploration and contributed "Xuzhou wisdom"——
Birds of Pan'an Lake Wetland Park
Ecological restoration, the construction of regional protection pattern
The swans of Jiuli Lake, the blue-headed diving ducks of DashaHe, the Mongolian silver gull "AD81" that flew over 2500 kilometers to Yunlong Lake for 10 consecutive years... Over the years, Xuzhou people have deeply felt that with the improvement of the ecological environment, more and more wild animals have settled in Xuzhou, from "passers-by" to "permanent residents". In particular, the wetland park in Xuzhou is rich in biodiversity and simple natural landscape, and wild birds such as egrets, herons and spotted ducks can be seen everywhere, becoming a paradise for birds to survive and reproduce.
"Biodiversity" is the sum of the ecological complexes formed by organisms (animals, plants, microorganisms) and the environment, as well as the various ecological processes associated with them. Biodiversity has important ecological and environmental value, can conserve water sources, regulate climate, purify air, maintain ecological balance, is the material basis for human survival, is a strategic resource for sustainable economic and social development, and is an important guarantee for ecological security.
To protect biodiversity, the ecological environment is of paramount importance. Ecological restoration is an important means to build a regional spatial protection pattern, to this end, the city has scientifically compiled the "Xuzhou City Ecological Restoration Special Plan" and "Xuzhou City Ecological Restoration Three-year Action Plan Implementation Plan (2019-2021)", systematic, precinct to promote ecological restoration work.
Beautiful fire thorn fruit on the shores of Lake Anguo
The ecologically restored wetland park is biologically diverse and the landscape is simple. The city has built 4 national wetland parks.
In the Dashahe National Wetland Park in Fengxian County, the water quality of the ecological conservation area located at the source of the Dasha River is maintained at Class III all year round. The vegetation coverage rate of the shallow water area of the floodplain reaches 51.3%, especially the large distribution of wild lotus flowers. The vegetation coverage rate of submerged water is about 25.7%. Conservation areas focus on protecting waterfowl habitats and maintaining the water purification function of wetlands. In 2019, 13 orders, 25 families and 42 species of wild animals were monitored, and there were 7 orders, 8 families and 21 species of water birds, including the blue-headed diving duck, with a number of more than 5,000.
Wild lotus of Lake Ankook
During this year's Spring Festival, photography enthusiasts also surprised to send out four or five blue-headed diving ducks in Anguohu Wetland Park, and two more young birds were found last month. Zhu Xingpei, director of the Forestry Station in Anguo Town, said excitedly: "It seems that the blue-headed diving duck has settled in Anguo Lake. ”
Anguohu National Wetland Park began to monitor birds in 2016, and so far a total of 89 species of birds have been found, including 10 species of national key protected birds such as little swans and Aurora Yaque, 46 species of jiangsu provincial key protected birds such as crested ibises and mallards, and 5 species of national key protected plants, Metasequoia, Ginkgo biloba, wild soybeans, lotuses and beech trees.
Wild soybeans by Lake Ankoku
The beautiful Pan'an Lake National Wetland Park, with 19 wetland islands, more than 30 species of first- and second-class wild animals, about 1 million square flowers and plants, and more than 200 bird species, is a veritable biological kingdom, of which swans, bustards and pond fir forests are all on the protection list.
Including the wetland park, in recent years, the city has built 27 nature reserves, with a total area of about 73332.82 hectares, delineating the ecological protection redline area, creating a good living environment for the protection of biodiversity. In the Quanshan Nature Reserve, the wild concentrated distribution area of the tertiary rare species Oftilbene, the "Green Sandalwood Germplasm Resources Conservation Community" has been established, and fixed signs have been set up at the edges, and special personnel have been arranged to monitor and grasp the dynamic changes of plant populations in a timely manner.
Pan'an Lake Wetland Park is biologically diverse
National action, love birds and protect birds for harmonious coexistence
The conservation of biodiversity requires the efforts of the whole people, and civil society organizations are also an important force.
There is a group of bird watchers in Xuzhou, and the number of bird watchers has grown to fifty or sixty. Member Ma Haijun said that according to continuous monitoring in recent years, they found that Xuzhou currently has about 250 species of common birds, including the national first-level protected birds blue-headed diving duck, white-headed crane and oriental white stork, as well as more than 20 kinds of national second-level protected birds such as black-winged kites, and they are increasing every year. Among them, crested eagles, red-headed long-tailed, coal, etc. have all been found in Xuzhou in the past two years. The principle of their bird watching is not to make any disturbance to the birds, and the distance between observation and shooting is relatively long.
In October 2019, Ma Haijun found more than 20 red-footed falcons in Hanwang Town, which are national second-level key protected animals; in December 2019, he photographed the Aurora crow known as the "giant panda among birds" in Peixian Anguo Wetland Park. In 2016, the Aurora Jay was listed on the World Red List of Threatened Species, a global near-threatened species, and on April 13, 2020, he observed the Eastern White Stork, a nationally protected bird, in the Lower Flood Reservoir of Xuzhou. According to 2009 statistics, the world's wild population of oriental white storks is less than 3,000; from 2019 to early 2021, he photographed the blue-headed diving duck in Dashahe Wetland Park three times in a row, more than once; in February this year, he found a maitake magpie in Quanshan Forest Park. According to the records, the maitake magpie is mainly distributed in Southeast Asia and southern China.
Painted ibises appeared on the northern outskirts of Xuzhou in May this year
In May this year, the Ma Navy photographed the painted ibis, a national first-class protected animal in the northern suburbs of Xuzhou, which was listed on the "Red List of World Endangered Species" and was once declared extinct in China.
"Rare birds continue to 'settle' in Xuzhou, and their survival is becoming more and more stable, indicating that the ecological environment in our city is getting better and better." Ma Haijun sighed.
The spirit of the bird lover is touching, and the story of the bird protector is even more admirable. In the Luoma Lake Dadaowan Wetland Egret Island, 56-year-old farmer Zhu Xianzheng volunteered to protect birds for 20 years, relying on selling feed by the lake to maintain Egret Island, hoping that his son would take over his baton; there is also an Egret Island on the YiHe River in Qipan Town, Xinyi City, Tang Xiaobao's father and son have guarded for 40 years, turning the former desert island into a bird "paradise"; Zhu Yixun, the old principal of Dayu Primary School in Suining County, has led the teachers and students of the school to love birds and protect birds since the early 1980s, and his story was made into a movie "Bird Love Primary School" in 2020.
Rational planning, long-term management of biological resources
For biodiversity conservation, our city started earlier. In the past 10 years, the "Xuzhou Important Ecological Function Area Protection Plan (2011~2020)", "Xuzhou Biodiversity Conservation Plan (2011~2020)" and other special plans have been formulated successively, providing a basis and guarantee for the protection of biodiversity.
In order to strengthen the scientific nature of biodiversity conservation, the Xuzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, together with the School of Urban and Environmental Sciences of Jiangsu Normal University, prepared the Biodiversity Conservation Plan of Xuzhou City as early as 2011, and then established a biodiversity conservation research base, which provides a strong backing for identifying biodiversity hotspot areas and improving the effectiveness of regional biodiversity conservation. Tongshan and Xinyi have successively completed local surveys of biodiversity, providing data support for the protection of the city's biological resources and finding out the bottom number of the city's ecological diversity.
Swans that winter in Jiuli Lake
Efforts pay off. The data show that compared with the late 1990s, the total number of plants, birds and fish species in the city has remained generally stable. The census shows that Xuzhou has more than 300 species of vertebrates and more than 210 species of invertebrates. Among the animal resources, there are 9 species of wild animals under national key protection, all of which are birds, such as white storks, mandarin ducks, red-crowned cranes, otters, kestrels, grey cranes, great bustards, etc. There are 1196 species and varieties of vascular plants, and 27 species of endemic and rare protected plants in China.
However, with the continuous increase of construction land, there is inevitably a contradiction between land resources and biodiversity conservation. According to the relevant person in charge of the Xuzhou Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, in order to alleviate this contradiction, in March this year, the "Outline of the Biodiversity Conservation Plan of Xuzhou City" was introduced. The implementation targets are exciting: by 2025, complete the city's biodiversity background survey action; establish a municipal biodiversity observation network; build the Xuzhou Biodiversity Science Museum to show the public the achievements of Xuzhou's biodiversity conservation this year, comprehensively promote public participation, and enhance public awareness of conservation.
During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the task of protecting biodiversity is arduous and long. The city will assess the current status of biodiversity in the city through the survey system, especially the current status of rare and endangered species, protected species, invasive alien species, etc., collect electronic specimens to establish a list and catalog database of related species; compared with historical survey data, in-depth analysis of the changes in biological species resources, assess the threat status of major endangered species and ecosystems, scientifically formulate planning suggestions for the conservation and utilization of species resources, and propose conservation countermeasures for biological species and ecosystems in the new era. Strengthen the conservation and capacity building of biological species resources, realize the long-term management of biological species resources, provide scientific basis for the conservation, management and decision-making of biodiversity in Xuzhou, and help Xuzhou develop into a strong city in the center of Huaihai, a green city for transformation and demonstration, and a famous city for landscape culture.
Xu Bao Rong Media Reporter: Gan Xiaomei Wu Yun/Wen Zhou Jie/Photo
Some information images are provided by the scenic spot
Editor: Wang Tao