The greatest evil of intellectuals is to build their own ideological prisons. ——Wang Xiaobo
This section focuses on the influence of the character structure of "Zarathustra" on the "Golden Age", which is both childlike and clear-hearted- the open ground of love and freedom.
The three giants that influenced human thought in the twentieth century, Marx, Nijin, and Freud. Nietzsche's "Zarathustra Says So" tetralogy, composed from 1883 to 1885, in the author's opinion, it is the same as "Will to Power" and "The Birth of Tragedy", which constitute the core system of Nietzsche's thought. Some call it a philosophical novel, aphorism, or poetic prose, but I prefer to call it an allegorical philosophy or a fairy tale philosophy, nietzsche's painstaking work, in his own words: "As long as you understand the six sentences of this book, you can excel!" "He considers himself to be the breadwinner of German literary language. Zarathustra is the embodiment of the author, who went up the mountain to live in isolation at the age of 30 and felt good about himself at the age of 40 and began to preach down the mountain. Then return to the mountains and return to solitude. Hearing that his doctrine had been distorted, he went down the mountain again... Similarly, "The Golden Age" has an evangelist, that is, the author's incarnation of Wang Er, you read that right, this is what the author said, and this is not a joke.
The images of Nietzsche and Salome in the biographical film "In Love with Dew" (aka "In Love with the Philosopher").
"Zarathustra Says" belongs to the "Analects" style aphorism prose, so the character shaping is difficult to say that the personality is distinct and vivid, but even so, the author still has to summarize the level of its characters, which helps us to clarify the character structure of "Golden Age". The first level: Zarathustra and his kind (shadows, voluntary beggars, lionhearted people, etc.); the second level: "the one who seeks you" (the active eternal reincarnation, the high man, the "suffering, the doubtful, the disappointed, the self-ignorant, the frozen", the four different, the ugliest, the ominous dwarf, the sad, the desperate, the destitute, the light-fearing, etc. The third level: the old society, the defenders of the old morality (the crumbling man, the, the spider, the hymn writer, the infected, the sick, the phlegm sucker, etc.). ）
As a novel, the characters of "Golden Age" are not rich, wang Chen and the two protagonists, some even do not even have a specific name, such as captain, military representative, Ledu sister, division chief, regiment leader, etc., in the role of minor characters are not counted, there is really a name - three boring children, three boring children, which attracted the author's attention: why take such a name? What is the author's deep meaning? What does the name mean?
Stuffy, a word that expresses a sound, such as dull, muffled, bored at home, and stuffy for a while, Zhuangzi De Chong Fu "muffled but after the response, pan but like a word". The words of the four voices, such as melancholy, depressed, dull, stuffy gourd, drinking drunk, sullen, sullen, sullen, sullen in the drum, Lao Tzu 58 Chapters" "Its government is stuffy, its people are pure; its political inspection, its people are lacking." "Chu Ci Nine Chapters, Xi Recitation" "Shen Yu's annoyance, the middle of the sullenness." The word is clearly a negative, negative word. Three, of course, is the meaning of many, three stuffy: people who are smothered by many rules and regulations, people who are bound by many old ideas and old moral systems, and even dwarfs or slaves who have lost their self and have no sense of autonomy. In the third chapter of The Golden Age, because I was fighting with the three bored children, the captain wanted to hold a struggle meeting or help meeting, and as a result, I was by the three boring women and smashed on the waist, and the author noticed that a similar scene also appeared in Zarathustra Said the Morality of the Dwarf: A woman grabs her child and does not let him come near me, 'Let the children avoid it.' She shouted, 'These eyes can scorch the souls of children.' It can be seen that the three boredues represent the third level of such people in Zarathustra, and Nietzsche makes a powerful criticism and endless ridicule of this kind of person, "The Spirit of Gravity": "Chew and digest everything - that is the essence of the pig!" Only creatures like donkeys and donkeys always know to say 'yes'. ”
Next, the author will focus on the character of Chen Qingyang. The author has roughly turned over some university journals and literary magazines about the articles commenting on the "Golden Age", most of which are very poor because of the text and the nature of the text, and the intensity of ideological expansion is very poor, almost some general talk, and it is not too much to evaluate it as shallow and difficult to say profoundly. Although Wang Xiaobo also said that "sex is sex, stories are stories", this is because he does not want his works to be stained with too many ideological things, not that sex literature and stories do not need to talk about artistry and thought. Based on this, for the "Golden Age" author wants to write something of his own, which is also the origin of this article. Also because the author is tired of running and writing in a hurry, some arguments are not profoundly expressed, and can only look forward to having time to make up for it later. Although this article "The Age of the Golden Age - The Awakening and Publicity of Chinese Sexual Literature" is also called a sexual literature work, it is actually to emphasize the leading role of this work in Chinese sexual literature, not limited to the framework of sexual literature. Otherwise, I would be too sorry for Wang Xiaobo.
A close-up view of Wang Xiaobo's tomb
Including the shaping of the character of Chen Qingyang, in fact, it is very difficult, it is not in place, the image is destroyed, and whether Chen Qingyang's image is affirmed is the key to the success or failure of the whole novel. There is a characteristic of the character may be ignored by many people, as soon as the character appears, the author confesses that "her husband has lived in prison for a year", which shows that she is a person with sexual experience, according to this logic pushed down, the next interaction between the two may be reduced to the real meaning of the px, Chen Qingyang This image shaping is successful, whether it is positive, is the work's "place of death and life, the way of survival, can not be undetected." The reason is very simple, the more correct its image, the more obvious the inverse effect, and the stronger its criticism and ridicule of society. The author's strict positioning of the characters can be described as painstaking, and finally he can be regarded as a perfect interpretation of Chen Qingyang, without making the work flow in thick lines and desires. As an audience, if you must say like Luo Xiaosi that "Wang Er and Chen Qingyang took off their pants", pay attention to whether they are emotional or superficial?
"Golden Age" was first published in China, not the version of Huaxia Publishing House, but serialized in a sex journal, the result was not finished until the suspension of publication, you can imagine how helpless Wang Xiaobo was at that time, perhaps the audience's understanding of a crystal of thought, it needs a process, just like the world's acceptance of Nietzsche's thought. Similarly, commenting on the image of Chen Qingyang, the excavation is not in place, the thinking is not profound, and you cannot really grasp this excellent work, look at the brushstrokes of your papers, the flashes of light, the words are nothing, and the hairy grass is so many times - let's see how Chen Qingyang's image is carefully shaped.
Chapter 6 of the Golden Age: "After consulting with Chen Qingyang, I decided to explain the relationship between men and women. She said that what she did was not afraid to account for it. She said, exposure is exposure, I am not afraid! She also said that it was natural to grow like this, and it was not that she had tricked the ghost. As for what others had in mind when they heard about it, it wasn't her problem. Chapter Nine, the two went on a business trip to fight, and there were three paragraphs of "incomprehension" in the work, and the point came-"Sometimes she was turning her head and seeing some strange faces, she smiled at the person." At this time, she thought, this is really a strange world! What was going on here, she didn't understand at all. She saw the men present bulging in their crotches. She knew it was because of her, but why was it, she didn't understand it at all. Chen Qingyang said that when she was on a struggle trip, people always had to pull her hair to make her look around, so she combed her hair into two strands and tied them with leather bands, so that it was particularly convenient for people to hold her wrists with one hand and pull her hair with the other hand. She was driven to see everything, and everything flowed into her heart. But she didn't understand anything. But she was very happy, she did everything that people wanted her to do, and the rest had nothing to do with her. That's how she played the broken shoe on stage. The same is zhangjiu: "She was finally relieved of all her troubles, and she no longer had to think about why she was a broken shoe, what a broken shoe was, and other inexplicable things: why we came to this place, what we came to do, and so on." ”
Through the above quotations, we find that Chen Qingyang is sexual and not obscene, contrary to the worldly vision, she carries a different heart and a pure child's heart in her bosom, which is the focus. Regarding what is a child's heart, the author has previously written a brief article, and the child's heart is also called the heart of the child, that is, the dirtless, spotless heart. Zarathustra says of the Spirit of Gravity: "Many of the inner things in the human heart are like sea clams—disgusting, slippery, and difficult to grasp—so there must be a pearlescent and beautiful shell to defend those things." Chen Qingyang is a piece of ice heart, she does not understand those "shells", she does not want to understand, because her sex is naturally out of instinct, freedom, love.
Chen Qingyang's childlike heart is precisely the highest level of the human spiritual character preached by Nietzsche - the spirit of the child. What Zarathustra says (Part I): "Zarathustra is changed, he becomes a child. In Nietzsche and His Philosophy of The Superman, Mr. Tintin describes what Nietzsche considers to be the three mental states: "The first state is the childlike spirit of freedom, the second state is the camel-like spirit of bearing humiliation and burdens, and the third state is the lion-like spirit of courageous struggle." "Its provenance is unknown and it seems to be wrong. In Zarathustra Says Three Transformations (Part I), Nietzsche says, "I tell you about the three transformations of the spirit, how the spirit becomes a camel, how a camel becomes a lion, and finally how a lion becomes a child. It can be seen that the child's spirit is the highest state of the human spirit, and he explained the "child": "The child is innocence and forgetfulness, a new beginning, a game, a rotation wheel, a primitive action, a sacred affirmation." This is a bit like the infant and child spirit in the ancient Chinese "Lao Tzu" philosophy: "All saints are children", "I am alone and uninformed, like a baby's child", "Hengde is inseparable, return to the baby". The infant state obviously refers to a kind of original ecology that returns to the truth and does not perish, it is said that the Emperor Ofe has refined thirty-six thousand five hundred and one stone to replenish the heavens, and as a result, one piece is useless, abandoned under the Green Terrier Peak of the Great Desolate Mountain, the infant state is also the state of this Green Terrier Peak, as evidenced by the poem: "Love this fist stone, exquisite out of nature." Tracing back to the ancients, what year did it fall into the world? There is an ambition to complete the pu, and there is no talent to make up for the day. Don't ask for appreciation, be a stubborn immortal. (Cao Xueqin's "Self-Painted Stone")
Distant view of Wang Xiaobo's tomb
Lao Tzu - Cao Xueqin - Nietzsche - Chen Qingyang (Wang Xiaobo), the spiritual thoughts of human beings are sometimes connected, and can cross ancient and modern, national boundaries, and disciplines, although the expressions are different but the connotations are the same. On April 10, 1997, a brilliant soul broke through the night sky to go to β Star (I wish I was also a star - Wang Xiaobo), Wang Xiaobo passed away unexpectedly, Li Yinhe could no longer find her favorite, she thought that the four-square-square burial chamber was not consistent with Wang Xiaobo's free soul, after several turns, finally selected a nuwa relic stone on the mountain of Foshan Cemetery in Changping Yangfang Town, Beijing, and then chiseled the stone as a tomb to place this unruly and interesting soul - Li Yinhe is worthy of Wang Xiaobo's lover and confidant. Wang Xiaobo's eyes to see the world with a childlike heart are just like the stubborn stone that returns to the pu, not pretentious and unpretentious, and Chen Qingyang's pure heart is the embodiment of the writer's opposite sex, so in a sense, Wang Er and Chen Qingyang are really one person, or Chen Qingyang is wang Er's shadow.
The author believes that in the tetralogy of "What Zarathustra Says", although the fourth part is not necessarily the one with the highest ideological achievement, it must be the one with the highest literary achievement. "When I reach the heights, I find myself always lonely, no one to talk to me, and the lonely winter makes me shiver, what do I really want to do in the heights." Nietzsche was full of loneliness and laughter, so he pulled eagles, snakes, and even his own shadows over to chat, and we watched Zarathustra Says Shadows (Part IV): "I roam with you in the most distant, coldest worlds, like a ghost on the roof of winter and on the snow." I go deep with you into the forbidden place of all, the worst and farthest place of all things: if I have what is called morality, it is that I am not afraid of any prohibition. And he said, "I and you crush what I respect in my heart: I have torn down all the stones and idols: I have chased the most dangerous desires—really, I have crossed all sins." "Gu Ying is self-pitying, taking the shadow as a lover, how lonely it is to be invincible." Who is Nietzsche describing, isn't it Wang Er and Chen Qingyang? This is exactly what Wang Er wanted to say to Chen Qingyang, and it was also wang Chen er who made it arm in arm, so "Later she said, she felt that her sins were deep and that sooner or later she would be punished." Chasing the most dangerous desires, and being harassed from time to time by the world's value scale, she is contradictory, according to secular values to think that she will be punished, making a psychological preparation for the future criticism, this expectation allows her to finally face the "destruction" calmly, and her image is thus more and more full and strong.
It's still "Zarathustra Says Shadow": "You poor wanderer and sentimental, you slack butterfly! Do you want to have a resting place and a home tonight? If you want to, then go to my cave house! So Chen Qingyang came: "But like those women who ran around in the middle of the night, she stripped off her underwear, wore only a white coat, and walked barefoot into the mountain." So she walked through the grass in the sun, into a dry ditch, and walked in the ditch for a long time. The ditches were messy, but she didn't make a single mistake. Later, she came out of the ditch, walked into a sunny depression, and saw a newly built grass house. If none of Wang Er had told her the way, she would not have been able to find a grass hut in the vast and desolate mountains. But when she walked into the grass hut, she saw Wang Er sitting on the bed, and the little monk stood up straight, but she screamed in fright. We see that this scene is as similar to the description of Zarathustra the Willing Beggar: "But as he walked and walked, up and down the hill, sometimes through the turquoise meadows and through the barren sand ditches where the stream had dried up, he suddenly became warmer and faster." ”
What Chen Qingyang is looking for is her love and her freedom, which coincides with wang Er's pursuit of human life. Everything shows that Chen Qingyang is Wang Er's shadow, what is the shadow? Kissing girlfriends, better than acquaintances, with the same concept, is the second me, so the character of Chen Qingyang belongs to the first and second level categories of "Zarathustra Says So", that is, the same kind of Wang Er and "the person who seeks you".
(Literary responsibility and ownership belong to 360 Wu Li Road)