Author: Nerve endings
On June 14, 1949, Fu Zuoyi sent Wang Kejun, former division commanders Feng Zi and Zhang Huiyuan, former quartermaster of the 11th Corps Sun Shirong, former chief of the General Affairs Department of the North China "Suppression General" Xiao Ruzhi, and Li Shuzhong, chief of the Propaganda Section of the Political Work Department, and more than 20 other people to leave Pingping for Sui with the official text of the "Agreement."
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="8" > First, Dong Qiwu saved Liu Wanchun and reused it, how can Liu not listen to Dong at a critical moment</h1>
Before leaving, Fu Zuoyi said to everyone: "Liu Wanchun holds part of the military power, and he also relies on his old relationship with Xu Yongchang, the head of the Kuomintang military command, plus he is a Hui nationality, and he knows Ma Hongkui in Ningxia, and he thinks that he has great power and has a way to retreat, so he will not be willing to listen to us." Liu Wanchun, Eyousan, Qiao Hankui, Qi Sanxi, and others recently held a secret meeting in Guisui to conceal Dong' secrets, and perhaps they still want to engage in some famous things. He also said: "Tell Chairman Dong that Liu Wanchun must be strictly guarded against, to isolate him to the greatest extent possible, and to weaken his interference with the implementation of the agreement." ”
Wang Kejun said: "Chairman Dong is too generous, he always thinks that he has saved Liu Wanchun's life, taken him in, and entrusted him with a heavy responsibility, and he will obey." ”
What Wang Kejun mentioned refers to the fact that at the end of 1945, Liu Wanchun was accused of embezzling military salaries and selling opium, Fu Zuoyi dismissed him from his post and handed him over to the Military Justice Department for investigation and handling, and Chiang Kai-shek also strictly ordered him to be sent to Chongqing for legal handling. After Dong Qiwu came forward on bail, he was spared from execution. Later Dong appointed him as the deputy commander of the Provisional 3rd Army. In January 1949, Dong was promoted to commander of the 111th Army.
Fu Zuoyi said: "Liu Wanchun began to carry out activities last year, and he also wanted to replace Dong Qiwu as the chairman of Suiyuan Province, and Qiwu still does not know about this matter. ”
"I will definitely remind Chairman Dong of their activities."
"Now Suiyuan is not like the past, and the eve of the great change will not be calm. Be careful everywhere, try not to split, the whole uprising. Fu Zuoyi said.
At about 5 p.m. on June 18, Wang Kejun and his party arrived near Nandian Village on the eastern outskirts of Guisui City. As soon as Liu Wanchun, who went to greet him, asked for the "agreement" in an attempt to detain him. Wang Kejun did not give it to him.
Liu Wanchun said with a mysterious look: "Many people here are not in favor of the peaceful settlement of the Suiyuan issue and the surrender of the Communist Party, and the Agreement must not be published, otherwise there will be chaos!" He also said, "Let's wait until dark before we get into town, so it's safer." ”
Wang Kejun ignored his subordinates, solemnly conveyed to him Mr. Fu's attitude toward solving the Suiyuan problem and his expectations for him, and deliberately accentuated his tone, saying: "At present, the situation is changing, but you are Lai." ”
He listened quite proudly, talked for a while, and then came to his military headquarters together and answered the phone with Dong Qiwu. Dong Qiwu quickly rushed to greet Wang Kejun and his party.
On the way, Wang Kejun said: "Liu Wanchun is still grumpy about the peace agreement. ”
"Yes, after receiving the telegram from you who came to Sui, he once told me that he was not responsible for the safety of Wang Yi and his party after they came to Sui." Dong Qiwu said.
Accompanied by Wang Kejun, Dong Qiwu separately communicated with the military and political leaders and convened a meeting of senior military and political personnel on the afternoon of June 19 to announce various agreements on the peaceful settlement of the Suiyuan issue. On June 24, the contents of the agreement were announced to senior generals at and above the division level, and the necessary explanations and persuasions were carried out. At that time, Sun Lanfeng did not attend the meeting in Baotou. Most, with the exception of a few, were euphoric. Only then has the issue of Suiyuan been peacefully resolved that it has become truly open and clear.
On June 16, the Nationalist Government sent another telegram ordering Dong Qiwu to go to Guangzhou to attend the provincial government chairman's meeting. Again, he used the trick of moving the tiger away from the mountain in an attempt to trick Dong into leaving Suiyuan. He also sent Ma Liangbi, the supervisor of the sub-supervision section of the 32nd Army Station in Lanzhou to escort Dong in a plane sent by Guo Jiyao, deputy commander of the Northwest Military and Political Administration. Dong Qiwu still refused on the grounds that the current military situation was urgent and it was inconvenient for him to leave.
Zhang Qingen, former director of the North China "Suppression General" Adjustment Office and director of the Major General of the Military Justice Department, led a large number of secret agents to Suiyuan, and he personally took command, setting up many obstacles to the road to peace. The secret agents began to incite the masses who did not know the truth, marched and demonstrated, posted slogans, distributed leaflets, created momentum and exerted pressure. The flyers and slogans are:
Bring down Fu Zuoyi! Down with Dong Qiwu!
Wang Kejun and Li Qizhong rolled out of Suiyuan!
They also created a terrifying atmosphere and threatened everywhere: "Someone wants to assassinate Wang Kejun!" "Someone wants to assassinate Dong Qiwu!" "No one who surrenders to the Communist Party will have a good end!" For a time, Gui Sui and Baotou were made into a miasma of smoke. The agents also threw grenades at Wang Kejun's station.
Li Junxiu, director of the Political Work Department of the Provincial Security Command, took back a volume of reactionary slogans or anonymous letters every day and placed them in the dormitories of Wang Kejun and others; Liu Wanchun also used the pretext of concern to tell Wang Kejun and others not to go to the streets, saying that "in Gulou, South Street, and other places, every day someone is waiting for you with guns and knives."
Wang Kejun was not intimidated, and together with Dong Qiwu continued to convene meetings of senior administrative personnel of the provincial government to announce and explain the agreement; because Dong Qiwu's attitude was clear, most of the officials also understood Chairman Mao's kindness in "fulfilling" them, and expressed their intention to follow Mr. Fu and General Dong on the road of peace and the road of the people. On July 8, Dong and Wang announced the agreement to the brigade and regimental generals respectively, and carried out persuasion and education work, so that the vast majority of unit commanders gradually became unanimous.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="6" > second, Liu Wanchun and Dong Qiwu sang opposites</h1>
In order to implement the "Agreement," the North China People's Government instructed the Suiyuan Provincial CPC Committee to form the CPC Liaison Office in Suizhen, with Pan Jiwen as the director and Lu Zhihao as the director, a total of 26 people. Pan and Lu had worked in Fubu's 35th Army, Pan was the chief of the organization section of the military political department, and Lu was the director of the political office of the 93rd regiment of the 211th Brigade, and he was familiar with Dong Qiwu.
On June 30, Lu Zhihao led some of his personnel to Suisui in advance and arrived at his camp, but he did not get any news from Dong Qiwu for a long time, so he sent his secretary He Shusheng, accompanied by Xiao Ruzhi, former chief of the General Affairs Office of the North China "Suppression General", to contact outside the east gate of Guisui New City the next day. Dong Qiwu did not know about this matter in advance, did not make any preparatory work, and after studying with Wang Kejun, it was decided that in order to ensure their safety, they would not let their party enter Guisui for the time being. Therefore, Wang Kejun and others went to their battalions, explained to the CPC liaison personnel, asked them to temporarily return to Fengzhen, and the time of stationing was separately agreed, and promptly telegraphed fu Zuoyi of this situation.
A few days later, he Shusheng, accompanied by Xiao Ruzhi, met with Dong Qiwu and reported that the liaison office was preparing to move in. Dong Qiwu asked, "Before Director Lu came last time, why didn't you send a letter early to explain it?" ”
Xiao Ruzhi said: "The letter has long been sent, why hasn't it been received?" ”
Dong Qiwu promised to check the whereabouts of the letter and make some preparations before entering. After investigation, the letter was privately detained by Liu Wanchun, and in order to take into account the overall situation, Dong Qiwu only asked Liu for a reply to the letter and did not pursue the matter.
Subsequently, Dong Qiwu sent Shou Yuenan and Li Qizhong to Fengzhen to negotiate the date of the specific stationing of the liaison office in Guisui, which was determined to be July 11. On the 10th, Li Qizhong returned to Sui first. In the evening, Wang Kejun and Li Qizhong came to report the results of the talks to Dong Qiwu. Because Dong Qiwu had long arranged for Liu Wanchun to be responsible for the security work in Guisui, he called and asked him to come and listen to the report together.
After listening to the report, Liu Wanchun said angrily: "Those who come from Suidong must concentrate their weapons and keep them in the custody of our army, and they are not allowed to go to the streets at will, otherwise there will be problems and I will not be responsible." ”
The people present were stunned, and Dong Qiwu said: "People are guests, they come to work, and they can't be treated like that." We must do a good job of safety and security. ”
Liu Wanchun also said: "These days, the Struggle Daily has published a lot of Xinhua News Agency news, which has simply become a newspaper of the Communist Party, and some people want to smash it; Li Jiansheng (a communist party member and former political worker of the Dongbu Department) is jumping so badly that some people want to clean him up. ”
"You should try to stop the violence from happening..."
"I can't handle it!" He didn't wait for Dong Qiwu to finish speaking, shouted a word, and flew away.
After Liu left, they continued to study the reception issue and decided to send Kang Baoan, Zhang Guolin, Wang Jingtai, Li Shuzhong, Zhang Hongen, and others to form a reception team, responsible for contacting comrades in the liaison office, food and accommodation arrangements, and guards. Dong Qiwu also immediately sent someone to inform the newspaper to strengthen its vigilance.
The next day, the personnel of the CPC Liaison Office arrived in Guisui led by Lu Zhihao, and Dong Qiwu arranged the Liaison Office in a building at No. 6 Xiluofeng Street in the new city, with the bank working group living in the courtyard of the provincial bank, headed by Zhang Guang, and the railway working group living at the railway station, and headed by Lang Juemin. That night, Dong Qiwu held a welcome banquet for them.
Unexpectedly, that night, the "Struggle Daily" was really smashed, office facilities, doors, windows, and machinery and equipment were destroyed, and many editors, reporters, and workers were injured. Afterwards, it was reported that Liu Wanchuncha was a secret agent of the military command and director of the Political Work Office of the 258th Division, Zhao Yuande, who coaxed more than 20 soldiers to do it.
On July 17, Pan Jiwen, director of the Liaison Office, led the second batch of more than 100 staff members, carrying a radio station, from its battalion into Guisui. That night, Dong Qiwu held a banquet at the Dewang Mansion to wash the dust for the staff of the Liaison Office and welcome it.
After the liaison office entered the city, it began intensive work to publicize the CCP's policy of peacefully resolving the Suiyuan issue. Through his work, Dong Qiwu issued the original text of the "Agreement" after July 20, and the troops were sent to battalions and companies, and the localities were sent to townships and towns, and conveyed to all personnel, so that the peaceful uprising would soon be announced to the soldiers stationed in Sui and the people of the province.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > Third, the Beiping massacre occurred, Dong Qiwu was restless, and Chairman Mao personally comforted</h1> him
The stationing of a large number of CCP personnel made the reactionary diehards panic and uneasiness, and the agents felt that the day was precarious, and when the end came, they could no longer hold back, so they suddenly began to kill. On March 24, a massacre occurred that shocked the whole of Suiyuan and Beiping.
At about 4 p.m. on this day, Wang Shixin, secretary of the Liaison Office in the Railway Working Group, Wang Baotang, Tao Jun, Guang Di and four other people, on the way back from the old city to the Xincheng station, when they walked to the vicinity of the "Chunyi Shan Society", the 5 thugs who had been ambushed inside in advance suddenly chased after them and threw two grenades. They didn't have time to hide, and Hikari was injured. At the same time as the explosion, more than 10 more thugs went on a rampage and opened fire. Wang Shixin was hit in the abdomen by a bullet and fell in a pool of blood, and Tao Jun was also injured. At this time, the thugs were still shouting: "Fight! Can't let them go! ”
When the liaison office heard the news, they immediately rushed to the scene and sent the wounded to the Suiyuan Provincial Hospital. At 2:00 a.m., Wang Shixin finally died of his injuries and ineffective rescue.
After receiving the report, Dong Qiwu was very shocked and immediately rushed to the liaison office and hospital to express condolences and apologies, and to negotiate disposal measures.
Pan Jiwen said indignantly: "This is a serious incident of the reactionaries sabotaging peace, and the murderer should be immediately investigated and severely punished." He also pointed out: "The safety of the staff of the liaison office is not guaranteed, and it is difficult to carry out their work, so they have to withdraw all the liaison offices." ”
After the incident, there was a tense atmosphere in Guisui, and the broad masses of the people were strongly dissatisfied with the atrocities committed by the spies, some demanded that the corpses be carried and paraded, and generally expressed concern about the future of peace. Dong Qiwu was even more anxious and uneasy, and called Fu Zuoyi that night to relay the report to the CPC Central Committee and Chairman Mao.
Chairman Mao immediately received Fu Zuoyi. To him: "Things are tortuous, and the revolution cannot be without sacrifice. The liberation of Suiyuan remains unchanged using the 'Suiyuan method'. Please tell Chairman Dong to pay more attention. ”
Fu Zuoyi put forward: "Suiyuan's situation is complicated, there are many spies, whether to practice military control. ”
"Suiyuan did not need the military management method, and after the uprising, a military and political committee was set up, with you as the chairman of the military and political committee and Dong as the vice chairman..."
After receiving Fu Zuoyi's instructions to turn to Chairman Mao, Dong Qiwu's mood calmed down and he felt Chairman Mao's great mind more deeply.
Pan Jiwen immediately telegraphed the situation to the Suiyuan Provincial CPC Committee and the North China Bureau, and at the same time lodged a solemn protest with Dong Qiwu and stated that the liaison offices would all be withdrawn. After hearing the news, the North China Bureau sent a telegram to the CPC Suiyuan Provincial Party Committee and the Suiyuan Work Committee on July 25, pointing out that if this incident was committed by secret agents, the Liaison Office would not withdraw for the time being. But Pan Jiwen could not see the telegram in time. Therefore, Pan Jiwen decided to withdraw all the liaison offices immediately. On the morning of July 26, Dong Qiwu and Wang Kejun handed him a call from Fu Zuoyi to Pan Jiwen, repeatedly urging ccp members to stay.
Before the Liaison Office was ready to withdraw, Dong Qiwu rushed to the Liaison Office again and said to Pan Jiwen: "In order to resolutely implement the policy of the CPC Central Committee and smoothly realize the peace in Suiyuan, I sincerely request the Liaison Office to continue to stay in Suisui to stabilize the hearts and minds of the army and the people..."
Pan Jiwen said the party's policy would not change as a result of the incident. Prepare to stay with Lu Zhihao, Cao Yuwen, He Shusheng and others to continue their work. The remaining 132 men, led by Pan, left Guisui on the same day. Subsequently, Wang Kejun also left Guisui and returned to Beiping.
The North China Bureau of the CPC and the Suiyuan Provincial CPC Committee pointed out: This incident is a conspiracy of Kuomintang agents with the aim of provoking us and causing peaceful divisions, such as the withdrawal of all liaison offices, which is exactly what they did. Therefore, stay and continue to work. This must not close the door of peace in Suiyuan.
Nie Rongzhen and Bo Yibo also instructed: The liaison office will not withdraw from Suisui; it will only hold a memorial service, will not conduct a parade, and is even less allowed to carry out a parade of corpses; the 'Suiyuan method' will not change, and all exchanges will remain the same.
According to Dong's opinion, the liaison office was moved from No. 5 Xiluofeng Street in the new city to the courtyard of the Dewangfu Mansion on Jianshe hall street, and the vigilance was strengthened, and Dong Qiwu specially sent Shi Guoxiying to serve as a guard in the activity area of the Dewangfu and even the liaison office. Lu Zhihao and others continued to work hard regardless of their personal safety. In disregard of Dong Qiwu's good intentions and persuasion, they consciously appeared in the streets and public places, so that the broad masses of the people could see that the communists were still there, that the relations between the Communist Party and Dong Qiwu had not been broken, and that there was still hope for peace.
At the beginning of the incident, Dong Qiwu ordered Liu Wanchun, Zhang Shizhen, and Zhao Xiaofeng, commander of the 258th Division, to strictly pursue the murderer and severely punish him. Later, according to Liu Wanchun's report, the murderer was Li Xiqing, company commander of the Duan Jintang Regiment of the 258th Division. The murder was committed by him at the behest of Zhao Yuande and led more than 20 soldiers to wear plain clothes. Li Xiqing was originally Liu Wanchun's horse abandoner, and Duan Jintang was also Liu Jintang's old subordinate.
When Li found out that he was being tracked down, he falsely sent an order, saying that he had been ordered to "suppress the bandits" and coaxed some soldiers to abscond. Duan Jintang was ordered by Liu to immediately lead 3 companies to pursue and suppress. After being chased, the soldiers realized that they had been deceived, and Duan shot Li on the spot. It is said that Duan has arrested Li, so why not bring him back for interrogation and shoot him on the spot?
There may be an article in this, but at that time, Dong Qiwu proceeded from the overall situation of peace and did not pursue the case, but only ordered the immediate arrest of Zhao Yuande.
About the author: Nerve endings, engineering history enthusiast, works scattered in various newspapers and magazines.