Song Renzong was the longest-reigning emperor of the Song Dynasty, and during his forty-two years as emperor, he used a total of nine era names, namely Tiansheng, Mingdao, Jingyou, Baoyuan, Kangding, Qingli, Huangyou, Zhihe, and Jiayou.
From Jingyou onwards, Song Renzong was able to personally govern, and only then did he become the supreme saint in the true sense of the Great Song.
In the early days of pro-government, he had a vision, but because of his contemporary Li Yuanhao, Song Renzong's pro-government performance was bleak and irrelevant. It can be said that Song Renzong lost to his contemporary Li Yuanhao, who was seven years older than him, and the use of the two era names of Baoyuan and Kangding was extremely short, which was caused by Li Yuanhao.
Song Renzong stills
<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" >, contemporaneous contest: Song Renzong lost to Li Yuanhao, who was seven years older than him</h1>
In May of the sixth year (1003) of Emperor Zhenzong of Song,Li Yuanhao was born in Lingzhou. Seven years later, in the third year of Emperor Zhenzong of Song (1010), Emperor Renzong of Song was born.
In the first year of Emperor Zhenzong of Song 's reign (1022), Emperor Zhenzong of Song died, and the twelve-year-old Zhao Zhen became emperor.
At this time, the party leader Li Mingde had already "usurped the imperial system", and his son Li Yuanhao had already become his right-hand man.
Li Yuanhao is "sexually strong, how big is strategy, good at painting", and is an absolute young hero. "Weak crown, single-handedly led troops to attack the Uighur Night Luo Khan King, take Ganzhou", thus being established as the heir by his father Li Mingde.
Li Yuanhao showed the heart of "Wang Ba" very early on, and repeatedly advised his father Li Mingde to "not be a subject of Song", saying: "Clothing and fur, animal husbandry, and sex are convenient." The life of a hero, when the king is a bully, He Jinqi is? ”
Li Yuanhao stills
In the first year of Emperor Renzong of Song (1032), Li Deming died, li Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, and began to prepare for the title of emperor, such as reaching the "bald order" and stipulating the level of clothing.
Yuan Hao also called himself "Wuzu", taking advantage of Emperor Renzong of Song, and later "changed Wuzu to Wuzu" and "insulted the imperial court".
The following year, in the second year of the Ming Dynasty (1033), Empress Liu of the Lin dynasty died, and Emperor Renzong of Song became the true supreme leader of the Great Song Dynasty.
Then Li Yuanhao and Zhao Zhen began a real head-on contest.
After Li Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, he first became unhappy with Song Renzong's era name "Ming Dao", "Yuan Hao avoided his father's secrets and called the Xiandao in the middle of the country", because the "Ming Dao" violated Li Mingde's secrets, and Li Yuanhao called the "Ming Dao" "Xiandao" in his ruling area.
The era name of Ming Dao also made Song Renzong feel inappropriate, one reason was that Li Yuanhao changed Ming Dao in vain, and the other reason was that Empress Liu died, Renzong was pro-government, and a new era began, so Song Renzong announced at the end of the second year of Ming Dao that he would change the yuan to "Jingyou".
Song Renzong changed Yuan Jingyou, "changing the Yuan Zhao to meet the peace", with good hope.
However, Li Yuanhao did not care about this, from the first month of the first year of JingYou, he invaded the Song territory from time to time, "In the first year of Jingyou, he attacked Huanqing Road and killed and plundered the residents", and the magistrates kept reporting that "Zhao Yuanhao had entered the Kou since the first month", and Song Renzong could only "command and deploy strict troops on behalf of the division".
Songxia situation map
In July, "Zhao Yuanhao led more than 10,000 people to Kou and called him a report", the Song army lost the Battle of Longmaling, and the Qinglu capital Qi Zongju, who was on horseback to bear Zhao Dexuan, and Wang Wen, the governor of Ningzhou, went to support, encountered an ambush, "Zongju was executed", soon Li Yuanhao released qi Zongju, song Renzong "Zhao Yongxingjun impeached Zongju and other defeated troops to hear." ”
In addition to military operations, Li Yuanhao also began to change his era name in this year.
"It is the age, change the Yuan Kaiyun, more than a month, or tell Shi Jin to defeat and die in the year number, but change the Guangyun."
Li Yuanhao, first changed the yuan to "Kaiyun", and a month later, the year number was "Guangyun".
"Yuanhao's car clothes are plagiarized, and they are rebellious", Li Yuanhao said that the emperor's founding of the country was already speeding up.
In the next few years of Jingyou, Li Yuanhao continued to conquer, taking advantage of the hesitation and wavering of the Northern Song Dynasty, and developed and grew, "knowing that there are Xia, Yin, Sui, Yu, Jing, Ling, Salt, Hui, Sheng, Gan, Liang, Melon, Sand, and Su." ”
In the fifth year of Jingyou (that is, the first year of Bao Yuan), Li Yuanhao even "asked someone to offer the Buddha Wutai Mountain, begged the envoys to escort him, and gave the museum coupons", Li Yuanhao offered the Buddha Wutai Mountain, but was not a good man and a woman, but "really wanted to spy on the Hedong Road." ”
In October of the fifth year of Jingyou (1038), "Jia Shu, Zhao Yuanhao built an altar to be registered, and the title of Emperor Renxiao of the Great Xia Dynasty Was named Emperor Wu xingfa Jianli Renxiao", officially known as the founding of the emperor.
Still
At the same time, Yuan Hao "sent envoys to sue with usurpations" and officially informed the Song Dynasty that he had been declared emperor.
Soon after, Emperor Renzong of Song absolutely used troops against Yuan Hao, but unfortunately, the Song army was defeated in the Battle of Sanchuankou and the Battle of Haoshuichuan, and the self-esteem of the Northern Song Dynasty was shattered under Yuanhao's machete.
At this time, the Khitan also blackmailed the Xia into deceiving the Song, forcing Song Renzong to increase the number of coins, and finally the Northern Song Dynasty reached a celebration of the calendar in Liao.
Fortunately, the Western Xia could not afford to toss, "the death of the eelection is half, people are trapped in the point collection, and the financial resources are not given."
Coupled with the breakdown of the Liao-Xia relationship, Yuan Hao asked for peace in time, "Where the age is given silver, silk, silk, and tea 255,000, begging as usual, the subject will no longer have anything to do with him." Beg for an oath, and the cover will be obeyed by the world, and will always be good. If the righteousness of the king does not exist, or if the heart of the courtier changes, the ancestors will not last forever, and the descendants will suffer. ”
Yuan Hao's plea gave Song Renzong a step in his distress, and he immediately replied:
"The four seas, the land of the land, the land of the Western Xia, the world thinks it is a miracle." Now Naina is loyal and repentant, and manifests itself in the oath of faith, the sun and the moon, the ghosts and gods, and the descendants, and there is no change. Shen Fu pleaded, and he was very grateful. Read the oath and do as promised. ”
In the end, Song Xia negotiated peace, Yuan Hao canceled the imperial title, and Song gave Western Xia coins.
It can be said that Yuan Hao, as an outstanding military genius of that era, Song Renzong was completely inferior in his competition, until the eighth year of the Qing calendar, Yuan Hao was killed by his son, and Song Renzong was really relieved.
It's hard to feel crushed.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > second, the year number Baoyuan, and Kangding are all short-lived, all related to Yuanhao</h1>
At the end of the fifth year of Jingyou (1038), Emperor Renzong of Song announced that he would change the yuan to Baoyuan.
In this year, Yuan Hao had already claimed the title of emperor, and after he sent emissaries to Kaifeng, the Northern Song dynasty monarchs had a dispute over how to deal with the emissaries.
"Although the imperial court knew that Yuan Hao had decided to rebel, he was still good to the situation, and his emissaries would do it, and they would not accept the edict and the gifts. The Privy Council was inconclusive for several days. ”
As for the Western Xia emissaries, "Wang Deyong and Chen Zhizhong wanted to behead them", and Cheng Lin, the governor of the government, "said that the ancients were in a military exchange, so that in the meantime, it was advisable to send them well to show the general body", and finally sent them to the Western Xia emissaries, but their offerings were sent to the realm. ”
Seeing the weakness of the Northern Song Dynasty, the attitude of the later Western Xia envoys to Beijing was much more arrogant, "the emissaries were proud", the ministers thought that they were troubled, and some people suggested that "because the emissaries entered the house, they crushed the yuan and ordered them to die", but they were rejected.
When Yuan Hao was proclaimed empress dowager, the Privy Counsellor Wang Deyong, who was also a fierce general, "please ask yourself to please Yuan Hao", and Song Renzong did not allow it.
Next, Emperor Renzong of Song discussed endlessly whether the Western Xia was peaceful or not, and some people suggested sending troops, and some people still suggested appeasement, and talked about the way of Huayi.
The Privy Counsellor Wang Deyong was also deposed and released from the government because of the advice of the counselor's "appearance-like yizu".
Yuan Hao continued to invade the border, and the military situation in the northwest deteriorated even more.
It can be said that Yuan Hao became a nightmare for Song Renzong, seeing that the word "Yuan" Song Renzong had a headache, the era name "Bao Yuan" naturally could no longer be used, so he announced that he would change to Yuan Kangding.
"It was Zhao Yuanhao who rebelled against Hexi, changed his surname to Yuan, and the imperial court was evil, and changed yuan to Kangding."
Changing yuan kangding naturally means hoping for national stability.
After changing the Yuan Dynasty to Kangding, Emperor Renzong of Song also formally decided to use force against Western Xia for the purpose of stabilizing the country.
However, the spiritual victory method such as changing the era name could not play a practical role, and the Song army against the Western Xia failed one after another, and the ideal stable situation did not appear.
statue
At the Battle of Sanchuankou in the first year of Kangding, the Song army was defeated miserably, and in the battle of Haoshuichuan in the second year of Kangding (the first year of the Qing calendar), the Song army was once again defeated.
Kangding's age number was a bit of a punch in the face, and it hurt a lot.
By November of the second year of Kangding, some ministers pointed out that "Kangding is a tanner", and Kangding is a nickname, which is used for the era name unknown. Therefore, Song Renzong announced that the Yuan "Qing Calendar" was changed, and the second year of Kangding became the first year of the Qing Calendar.
The Kangding era name took less than two years, becoming a shorter-lived era name than Baoyuan.
Baoyuan and Kangding are two short-lived era names that reflect the deterioration of the situation in the northwest during the reign of Emperor Renzong of song and the history of the independence of Western Xia.
Statue of Yuan Hao
In the first month of the eighth year of the Qing calendar, Yuan Hao was killed by his son, and Song Renzong's nightmare was over.
Yuan Hao was really a tyrant in that era, he adopted a flexible foreign policy between the Liao and Song Dynasties, relying on the Liao and Song Dynasties, playing pure fire with a diplomatic card, successively winning the Song and Xia Wars, and later winning the First Liao-Xia War, which completely enabled the Western Xia to gain a firm foothold at that time, and the pattern of the new three kingdoms of the Liao, Song and Xia was basically formed.
In the face of such a figure, Song Renzong can be said to have lost without dignity.