Ji Xianlin's essays on reading are particularly numerous, including a book that recalls the "chance encounter" of the young book poverty period; there is sharing the favorite book list; there is also sharing the reading feeling, thinking about the "friends" in the bookcase; and encouraging young people to love books...
He once said: "China is the world's most favorite country to collect books and read books", he also said: "Reading books and collecting books, sitting on the book city means enough." ”
The essay collection "To Take Reading Seriously" collects most of the articles about "reading" that Ji Xianlin recalled and understood in his later years.
In China, "reading" has two meanings, one is to go to school and the other is to read books.
Ji Lao's lifelong love of books is like a fate, and he stands on the edge of life in his old age to summarize how a child from a poor and remote area is admitted to Tsinghua step by step.
After the double reduction of education, parents have to think about some problems: the so-called knowledge content of the previously full after-school class has run out of children's necessary exploration fun. Is it better for a child's life to grow seedlings or is self-growth more conducive to a child's life? How to weigh the combination of parental resources and children's self-motivation?
Re-reading Ji Xianlin's prose today, sometimes there are children and parents to understand the matter of "learning" and "reading", and the feeling is quite different.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="73" > aimless state in the game and is the key to developing creativity
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Ji Xianlin lived with his parents in a poor area of Shandong between the ages of 6 and the poorest family in the village. If it were not for his uncle who survived in Jinan who took Ji Xianlin away, it is difficult to say whether there would be a literary master Ji Xianlin in China.
The learning environment at an early age was given by parents, and at the turn of old and new China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, what books to read and what books to read were determined by the social environment and family origin.
The Baicao Garden to the Sanwei Book House gave the young Lu Xun the space to read, and also gave the children a perfect place to release their nature. Ji Xianlin left the countryside at the age of 6, lived in the home of his uncle and aunt in Jinan, and was arranged to study in a private school and a regular primary school, but he still found his own "Hundred Grass Garden" in a limited space.
Ji Xianlin, who is in elementary school, is not interested in all the main classes and uses a confrontational attitude. Often small movements, inattentive in class, wandering is the norm, pay more attention to the change of seasons outside the window, the pig farm next to the school to watch the pig bundles, prisoners executed, the grades have been on the upper middle.
Ji Xianlin's primary school era, if according to the modern education assessment, belongs to the children with mediocre qualifications, even if he has the opportunity to go to the better educational resources in the big city, he does not have the internal drive to learn, and the ordinary level is presented.
In junior high school, Zhengyi School was on the shore of the beautiful Daming Lake, and the toads and shrimp in the lake became good friends of Ji Xianlin's entire junior high school, but they were far away from home, so they had more free time to catch fish and shrimp.
Because of the love of all nature, in a spring trip after the composition competition, Ji Xianlin first appeared, after eight or nine places in a "You Kaiyuan Temple", but it is also considered to be on the list, the teacher's composition comment "quite Ousu true qi" let Ji Xianlin feel the joy of writing for the first time.
British psychoanalyst and pediatrician Donald Winnicott once said that children enter a purposeless state in play, and it is this state that allows us to experience the good feeling of giving up all defenses and completely relaxing. This state of unconsciousness is the perfect time to develop the greatest creative power, appreciate nature and discover the joy of life.
Ji Xianlin's prose writing scenery, writing people, writing things, for more than seven years, the most loved to write is prose, his prose words are endless and endless, everywhere reveals the wisdom of life, experience the beauty of life, which has a certain relationship with his childhood sneaking to play, appreciating nature and life between amusement.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="69" > use the "idleness" of reading
In the 1920s, there was a private tuition class, and the uncle who paid attention to ancient Chinese reading signed up for an ancient chinese tuition class for Ji Xianlin, probably talking about ancient books such as "Zuo Zhuan" and "History", which were not counted by the Tang and Song Dynasties.
Ji Xianlin frankly said that such a classical tome could not be read by teenagers at that time, and it was quite burdensome ideologically. The more forbidden the book, the more attractive it became, and Ji Xianlin hid in the bed and looked at it with a flashlight, looking for a place to peek.
In the junior high school stage, Ji Xianlin read a lot of ancient Chinese, and Xiaowen also read several articles, but the attractiveness of these books was far less than that of "Peng Gong's Case", "The Complete Biography of Ji Gong", and "Seven Heroes and Five Righteousness", which were completely banned by his uncle.
In high school, because North Park High School is a boarding school, the freedom to read "idle books" has increased. The cost of living is self-managed, and Ji Xianlin cuts down on food and clothing to buy books.
Write a postcard and send it to Maruzan Bookstore in Tokyo, Japan, and order the English books you want to buy, and the two or three pieces of ocean you save every year are all here. This bookstore, Mr. Lu Xun, also often went to order foreign books when he studied in Japan.
Ji Lao also put forward some suggestions for modern children's books, he believes that the current children's picture books, exquisite printing, meticulous illustrations, but too many pictures, too little text, in fact, underestimated the absorption capacity of less, and is not conducive to the improvement of reading level, and the formation of writing language ability.
Whether it is a literary text or a vernacular text, Ji Xianlin has paid great attention to the structure of text arrangement since childhood, with clear layers and a very rhythmic sense. These influenced the level of Ji Xianlin's writing and writing his first essay during his reading period, and even if he wrote prose for 70 or 80 years, he formed a good sense of writing.
For parents, the so-called "idle books" are the opposite of textbooks and materials. Today, today is different from the past, many parents hug and cry bitterly: now children, even interested in reading "idle books", only look at mobile phones every day.
In the background of the technological era, confiscating mobile phones for a long time and cutting off the network is not an excellent way to deal with it, which is the same as watching "idle books" in Ji Lao's era, and will secretly use all means to achieve the goal.
Instead of paying the price of rigid parent-child relationship, it is better to use resources to turn disadvantages into benefits. Every week I would hand him my phone on a Friday night after he had finished his weekend homework. He likes to brush videos, and I stipulate that he will watch the news of the People's Network and Xinhua Network this week, and tell me about it, and then exchange information.
The purpose of this is to guide him to pay attention to the changes in current affairs, politics, economy, society and other aspects through the form of video, and from a broad perspective, there is a broad vision of attention, thinking training, and patriotism cultivation, from a narrow point of view, in the geography, history, language, politics of several major liberal arts understanding and writing answers are of great help.
The story of Ji Lao makes people suddenly enlightened, a generation of literary heroes are not qualified from childhood, love books like life, but a small part of reading is gradually rendered and upgraded to expand the scope of reading, which is the process of gradual growth of teenagers.
A teenager who loves to read martial arts books will not read only this one field of reading in his life, a teenager who loves to watch videos, nor will he hold a mobile phone all his life without a brain, do nothing, give the child some time to explore, give mindfulness guidance, and one day he will walk on that broad road.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="16" > it is not important to aspire sooner or later, and finding the internal drive is the key to learning</h1>
Ji Xianlin has mentioned in many reminiscent essays that "I have no great ambitions when I was young", and when I was in elementary school, I was willing to walk around the middle and upper class with grades, and put more attention to the fish, shrimp and toads by the pool, the mystery and beauty of nature.
"I don't like to read, I just play", I have never dreamed of yuanyuan, if there is any expectation, it is that my uncle hopes that he has a stable job, and my aunt expects him to work early.
"I've never thought about what I've wanted to do in my life. Hazy seems to feel that he is a person who can't get on the table anyway, and he can be satisfied with a small staff in his lifetime. ”
Admiring the honesty of Ji Lao and the mediocre mentality of childhood is the norm of children's psychology. Most people are more curious about play, the natural environment, and relationship building in childhood.
Although it is the expectation of the country to make great ambitions from an early age, it may take a period of time to explore the ambition, and it will take an opportunity.
Ji Xianlin's early ideological turning points occurred in a score contest in high school, and the prize was a calligraphic fan and a couplet written by Zhuangyuan Gong himself.
Ji Xianlin won the first place in the six classes of high school, and was the only person in the school who won the Crown Prince's Ink Treasure. This honor made Ji Xianlin realize his own strength and summed up his advantages in the discipline.
At an important stage of adolescence, Ji Xianlin's transformation from inferiority to self-confidence made him play a key role in applying for Peking University a few years later. If he had been in the past, he would have been daunted, and the goal of the little clerk must have been to subconsciously contain his footprints.
A few years later, he applied for both Peking University and Tsinghua University, and was admitted at the same time, giving him his own choice.
Many parents will anxiously think: If you only wait for your children to find their own ambitions, will they have to get the year of the monkey? Maybe you can't wait for this life, parents must intervene!
But if the time and space given to the child are stuffed, and there is no gap in the child's free imagination and the space to release youth, then they will be like manipulated robots, without thinking, and naturally unable to explode his own "ambition".
"Zhi" is like the rudder and the bridge of a ship, which can guide the direction of human growth and stimulate potential and motivation. "Zhi" is a weapon to overcome human weaknesses such as laziness, avoidance, selfishness, weakness, and seeking advantage and avoiding harm.
The original Zhi is not necessarily Dazhi, it may only be the first few places in the grade ranking, like Ji Lao said, he thinks that he has to get the first place is vanity, fifteen-year-old children, think of a limelight, think of a unique gift, nothing more.
Parents can help their child to make up his mind, but they cannot take the "rudder and the bridge" to determine the direction for him. Assistance can be in the following areas:
First, use adult resources to expand the scope of children's interests and hobbies, and recommend celebrity biographies in the field.
Second, according to the child's interests and hobbies, give a certain amount of time and space to study and ponder. The "flow" state plays a positive role in learning and life.
Third, the determination can be appropriate to give the supporting sense of responsibility and vanity to do the early stimulation.
Ji Lao grew up in the famous Republic of China period, and Ji Xianlin before high school did not have the same lofty aspirations as Lu Xun, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, and other revolutionaries and thinkers who had already reached adulthood.
His domestic further education experience is quite close to today's college entrance examination set for lifelong further education system, all the way to learning and enlightenment, countless times in the middle will form a world of fate, but this playful teenager, in high school to hang a soaring explosive force, should be attributed to the "internal driving force" that benefits a lifetime.
In fact, the internal drive is the biological signal that the individual produces in the process of environment and self-communication, has a driving effect, and gives the individual a positive hint. Its essence is an unconscious force that derives from the most primitive and accumulated psychological experience of the entire historical experience in the human brain.
The internal force that drives the organism to produce certain behaviors corresponds to the concept of the inducement, the internal drive exists inside the body, the inducement exists outside the body, and what the parent can do is to help the child detect the external trigger of more possibilities, rather than taking the child into a dark and boring passage.
Write at the end:
Ji Lao's 98-year life course, he joked that he was in sync with the new century, this is not necessary. However, his vivid vitality has been felt by more descendants, and it also benefits from the vivid writing power of his old man.
Most of a person's life in childhood and even in youth is given by God and earned by his parents, and then the road is to charge and take the helm alone. His reminiscent essays after the age of 80 give us more inspiration for life, and the dilemma we are suffering and confused about is only a choice and miss in retrospect.
After all, learning is a lifelong thing, standing in front of the canoe bridge, it is a good thing to stand in the C position and be fully equipped, but the life after the canoe bridge is the fairest competition for everyone, that is what we have experienced and have is our own wealth.
—Author:Rong Rong—
——Explore a fundamental problem in each book -
Read deeply and slowly, think deeply about it for a long time, and reject short-term rapid dementia behavior.