Historically, Qi. What's the story of Polygo?

Even. Teacher Baoligao, the master of modern horse-head qin art and the master of horse-head qin; He is also an educator, composer, social activist and expert in ethnic music research.

The horsehead qin has a long history, it is integrated with the Mongolian horseback life, nomadic economy, vast grassland environment, melodious pastoral songs, and has become a symbol of Mongolia music culture, it carries the joys and sorrows of the Mongolia people, from ancient times to today, domestic and foreign scholars have made long-term unremitting exploration of the origin and development of the horsehead qin, although many valuable views and opinions have been put forward, but no consensus has been reached. For example, the horse-head qin originated in the ancient Chao'er, and some people say that it originated from the Ikle or Xi Na Gong Hu'er (spoon-shaped huqin), and Qiqili Huer (horsetail huqin), which is to say, one of these instruments may be the predecessor of the horse-head qin. According to the latest research results, it is found that there are many legends and related documents that tell or record the origin of the horsehead qin in history, such as the "Legend of Chichili Huer" during the Xiongnu period recorded by the Denmark explorer Husren from Chahar folk in 1938, the Jin Dynasty period was recorded by Cui Bao in his "Ancient and Modern Notes" "Walking Horse Legend", since the Qing Dynasty, "Flying White Horse", "Suhe's White Horse", "Shao Buen Sarile", "The Legend of Arigasen Huerchi", "Hohe Namujila" and so on. The Legend of Chi Qi Li Hul is the parent version, and the story of Chao Lumeng's creation of the horse head qin told in this legend appears in other legends as a character of the same name, the same story or other people's names, and a variant of the same story, forming a continuous legend system, such as the name of the protagonist in "Walking Horse Yin" is the transliteration of the protagonist "Chao Lu Meng" in "The Legend of Qi Qi Li Huer". In terms of legends, the most representative of them is the "Legend of Qi Qi Li Huer", this legend should be the mother of all other legends, it is the earliest, the name "Chao Lu Meng", and then the Jin Dynasty period of the "Legend of the Walking Horse" appeared, so we believe that "The Legend of the Walking Horse" is a legend recorded 1600 years ago, is a variant of the "Legend of Qi Qi Li Huer", so it seems that "The Legend of Qi Qi Li Huer" is actually a legend before 2000. In addition, there is a lyric in the historical documents, which records the popularity of the horse-head qin in the Xiongnu Khanate, specifically, the Northern Song Dynasty military and political minister, the poet Shen Kuo wrote in his lyrics "Triumph" that the horsetail huqin follows the Han chariot, and the song is still self-complaining. The "horsetail huqin" written here is the perfect Chinese translation of the Mongolian word "chichili huer". The "horsetail huqin" that appears here is a musical instrument made of a horsetail, the Hu ethnic group, which is very clear, and the musical instrument we just said in the "Legend of Chichiri Huer" is the same, in addition, who plays this instrument, the lyrics say that "the song voice actor complains about Shan Yu", Shan Yu is playing this instrument, Shan Yu is of course the Xiongnu period, Mongolia is the Khan (emperor), This can also show that this musical instrument (horsetail huqin) has developed to a relatively good point during the Xiongnu period in that period. Although the matouqin has a history of more than 2,000 years, but from it out of the grassland, to the world stage, only in the last 30 years, from the 70s of the last century matouqin instrument reform, the unification and innovation of performance methods, the creation of musical works, to the establishment of the matouqin society in the 90s, the innovation of inheritance methods and a variety of performances and promotion at home and abroad, these 30 years, is the golden stage of the development of the matouqin, in this period, the development of the matouqin has undergone many significant changes. These horse-head violin artists and luthiers have reformed the quality of the traditional horse-head violin, such as the materials used to make the violin, as well as the string materials, masking materials, production methods, performance methods, etc. Speaking of the development of contemporary horse-head qin, we have to talk about Qi. Polygol, Qi. Baoligao is a well-deserved master of the horse-head qin today, an outstanding representative of the Mongolia horse-head qin school, and his achievements in the horse-head qin and his contribution to the inheritance and development of the contemporary horse-head qin are enough to make him stand shoulder to shoulder with national music masters such as Serasi, Balagen, and Sandulen.

Even. Baoligao has a musical talent since childhood. Baoligao often leaned under the telephone pole left by the Japan Kwantung Army in the Horqin grassland during the puppet Manchukuo era, listening to the sound of the breeze blowing the wires, like the fingers of the wind playing with the red copper telephone line. The seeds of music were sown in the young minds of Polico. In the summer, its voice was very low, and in the winter it became high-pitched, and when people saw me, they thought I was reciting and practicing, and they all said not to disturb him, and to be honest, they were not practicing, but listening to the rhythm of nature, and they were moved. In October 1958, the Inner Mongolia Experimental Theater Troupe (later renamed the Opera Troupe) went to Horqin to recruit students, and a teacher at the school told the news to Qi, who had just graduated from primary school. Polygon. Then I took my own Sihu and Chaoer to apply, that is, I took this Chaoer, the admissions teacher said, what are you taking, I said this is Chaoer, then you play a song, I picked up Chaoer, played a song "Gadamerin", they said that they were geniuses after listening, and they were admitted.

Since then, Qi. Baoligao followed the people of the experimental theater troupe to Hohhot and embarked on a professional artistic path, when he was 13 years old. Since I was a child, I have determined that I will never be a farmer or herdsman when I grow up, and I want to be an artist. After arriving in Hohhot, Qi. Baoligao was fortunate to learn the horse-head qin from the Mongolia horse-head violin player Sang Duleng, and to learn music theory and composition from Meiqige. Bao Li is like a fish in water, and he continues to absorb artistic nutrients, which has laid a solid foundation for his future songwriting and horse head piano performance. This is when he came to the opera troupe at the age of thirteen to buy, this horse-head qin, at that time this piano 63 yuan, and then went to Sanduleng to apprentice, and later learned violin performance, from Du Zhaozhi teacher to learn composition, from Mei Qige teacher to learn music theory, from Mo Rige Jihu teacher to learn the form, Xin Huguang teacher to learn music, etc., at that time I studied very hard. Feng Hui said: "At that time, we had to pass by a corridor every day during the performance, and we passed by there every day, this young man was very observant of time, and he was also very sitting, no matter what was going on next to you or who was passing by, there was no interference with him at all." I get up at five o'clock in the morning and go to work at eight o'clock every day, I have been practicing for more than two hours, as long as I make a mistake in a note, I will practice again and again, so I am strict with myself and force Liangshan to practice hard.

In terms of the structure of the horse-head piano instrument, it is composed of the piano case, the piano rod, the headstock, the piano shaft, the strings, the bow and other components, in the seventies of the last century, the use of the matouqin case is made of sheepskin, cowhide, donkey skin, horse skin and other livestock skins, so it has a low sound, easy to go out of tune and other shortcomings. On the basis of the innovation and reform of the horse-head qin together with Mr. Baoligao and Mr. Sanduleng, he later reformed it three times, and at first changed the livestock skin of the Mengqin box to python skin, so that the timbre of the horse-head qin became clear and rich, and the vocal range was also expanded a lot. The matouqin covered with python skin is much better than this matouqin, which is about ten minutes to set the strings, but in Beijing and other high-temperature areas, it still takes about five minutes to set the strings. Teng Ping said: "Qi. The process of Baolico's transformation of the horse-head qin is a particularly difficult process. In preparation for the Northern Arts Festival held in 1982, Xin Huguang's "Prairie Tone Poem" Matouqin Concerto was intensively rehearsed in Beijing, and the orchestra was composed of more than 100 performers. When Rehearsal on stage, Bolrigor had to set the strings every five minutes, because the stage lights made his horse-head leather case hot, causing the strings to be out of tune. Baoligao couldn't even sit still with the conductors and actors. A performer who rehearsed together in Beijing said to himself, you are playing a concerto, not a concerto, your horse-head qin sets the strings once every five minutes, and more than 100 of us are waiting for you here, and the famous conductor Huang Feili of the Central Conservatory of Music served as the conductor, and his apprentice Tan Lihua was also present to conduct. Tan Lihua said: "We have been playing Mr. Xin Huguang's tone poems since the early 80s. Polygon's use of the horse-head qin to cooperate with the symphony orchestra, the horse-head instrument if it wants to intervene in the symphony orchestra, it is to do a reform, the improvement of this instrument, its timani, its playing method, its volume, the volume is very important, because the original sound is not enough to penetrate the sound of the symphony orchestra. "Of the 20 yuan, 12 yuan is used to buy a train ticket (from Beijing to Hohhot), and the remaining 8 yuan is to go to the musical instrument factory. I went to Zhang Chunhua, the master of the luthier, and said to him, "Make a horse-head violin resonance box out of wood, and he asked himself, how much money do you have, and he said, I have 8 yuan." Master Zhang said, "Oh, you can't buy a coffin board, what do you buy for 8 yuan?" After many requests from himself, he began to make it for himself, and after many revisions and auditions, he finally made a wooden resonance box that sounded like a python leather case that afternoon, and from that day on, the sycamore wooden horsehead piano that people use now came out. After he reformed in 1996 to make the white pine surface of the horse-head qin, its sound quality and timbre have been unprecedentedly improved, the reformed horse-head qin from the solo to the duo performance, multi-person ensemble and symphony, is not a problem, this is the horse-head qin this national instrument to a new level, since then, the horse-head qin has entered the mature stage, people take the white pine surface of the horse-head qin as the standard to make the horse-head qin, until today. Its horsetail string today has become a modern horsetail (nylon string), because it is a bowed string instrument, then the bow must be changed first, the original horse-head qin is grasped like this (holding the bowstring with fingers), so I added the European bow with a hand-held bow rod to carry the bow, so that the wrist can move, so the horse-head qin in the past, harmony it did not have, it was the original playing method, this is not there, this is all pulled out from the violin playing method, absorbed. It is a very simple and simple horse-head instrument, and then it was gradually transformed into the current complete instrument. Feng Hui said: "He carried out three reforms on the matouqin, so Qi. Bao Li Gao, he in this point, he is very contributory to the production of the horse-head qin instrument, because his ideas are more avant-garde, he has come into contact with the superiority of the violin instrument, so the sound speaker of the horse-head qin has been expanded, the timbre is more beautiful, at this point, Qi. Polygol is a great contribution. ”