Science and technology strategy
The UK Institute for Artificial Intelligence Security announced the establishment of its first overseas office in San Francisco, USA, and released a summary report on the security testing methods and results of five open-source models
According to the British Ministry of Science, Innovation and Technology on May 20, British Technology Secretary Michelle Doniland announced that the British Institute for Artificial Intelligence Safety will set up its first overseas office in San Francisco, USA. The British Institute for Artificial Intelligence Security said that the opening of overseas offices will be conducive to the cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom on artificial intelligence security, promote talent exchanges, and strengthen artificial intelligence security research in laboratories in the United Kingdom and the Bay Area. In addition, the British AI Security Institute simultaneously released a summary of the security testing methods and results of five open-source AI models, in which the UK tested the network, chemical, biological and agent capabilities of AI models and the effectiveness of security assurances, and assessed the potential harm they may cause.
The U.S. unveils key steps to protect workers from AI risks
According to the White House on May 16, the U.S. Department of Labor formulated a set of key principles for the "Executive Order on the Development and Use of Safe, Reliable and Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence" to protect workers and ensure that they have a place in the field of artificial intelligence. The specific principles are: focus on worker empowerment; developing AI in an ethical way; establishing AI governance and human oversight; ensuring transparency in the use of AI; protection of labour and employment rights; using artificial intelligence to empower workers; supporting workers affected by AI; Ensure responsible use of manual data. These principles are only a guiding framework for businesses, and AI developers and employers are required to review and tailor best practices to their own circumstances throughout the AI lifecycle.
The Biden administration has announced new actions to ensure environmental protection in the Antarctic region
According to the White House on May 17, before the 46th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting, President Biden signed a national security memorandum (NSM) on U.S. policy in the Antarctic region. Through NSM, the U.S. aims to: protect the relatively unspoiled environment of the Antarctic region and its associated ecosystems; retain and pursue unique scientific research opportunities; Maintaining the Antarctic region as a zone of international cooperation dedicated to peaceful purposes; Ensure the conservation and conservation of living resources and ecosystems in the Antarctic region. The United States has the largest science program in Antarctica, managed on behalf of the nation by the National Science Foundation, with the participation of other federal science agencies, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Biden administration will work with Congress to continue to support U.S. scientific research in the Antarctic region and defend broader U.S. interests in the region.
The U.S. Department of Defense announced a $20 million grant to Australia's South32 company to strengthen the U.S. manganese supply chain
According to the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) on May 17, the DoD announced on the same day that it would provide $20 million in funding to Australia's South32 Hermosa project through the "Defense Production Act Investment" (DPAI) program to promote the sustainable production of battery-grade manganese in Santa Cruz County, Arizona. Manganese is an important material in both military and civilian batteries, and the DPA funding will enable the company to accelerate the Hermosa project and deliver the manganese mine two years ahead of schedule. Anthony Di Stasio, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for Industrial Base Resilience, said: "This is the first manganese production award from the DPA and will significantly reduce the import dependence of the U.S. battery materials supply chain. ”
Information
Google Inc. in the United States released the 3D generation model CAT3D, which can quickly generate 3D content
According to the news on May 20, Google released the 3D generation model CAT3D, which can quickly generate 3D content. CAT3D UTILIZES A MULTI-VIEW DIFFUSION MODEL TO GENERATE A HIGHLY CONSISTENT NEW VIEW OF THE SCENE FROM ANY NUMBER OF INPUT IMAGES AND TARGET NEW VIEWS. In addition, CAT3D not only supports single image input, but also is capable of processing multiple image inputs, resulting in richer and more detailed 3D scenes. According to Google, the new views generated by CAT3D can be used as input to 3D reconstruction technology to render 3D representations in real time from any viewpoint, which is useful for areas such as virtual reality, game development, and architectural design.
Google DeepMind has launched a new framework for assessing the dangerousness of AI models
According to Semafor on May 17, the DeepMind division of Google has launched a new framework for assessing the danger of artificial intelligence models to determine whether artificial intelligence is developing dangerous capabilities. DeepMind has set key capability ratings for four areas: autonomous systems, biosafety, cybersecurity, and machine learning R&D. DeepMind notes that every time the computing power used to train the model increases by a factor of 6, or when it is fine-tuned for 3 months, DeepMind re-evaluates the model. In between assessments, DeepMind will design an early warning assessment. DeepMind will work with other companies, academia and legislators to improve the framework and will begin using the tool in 2025.
creature
The Chinese research team has developed a novel AAV vector that can cross the blood-brain barrier, bringing new options for gene therapy for brain diseases
According to the news on May 17, the Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Harvard Broad Institute team has developed a new AAV gene therapy delivery vector BI-hTFR1, which can effectively cross the blood-brain barrier by binding to the highly expressed human transferrin receptor in the human blood-brain barrier, and inject this AAV into the blood of humanized mice expressing the human transferrin receptor, and its level of entry into the brain is much higher than that of AAV9 approved by the FDA for gene therapy for the central nervous system, and is 40-50 times higher. The vector has a high probability of being effective in human patients, laying the foundation for more effective gene therapy for central nervous system diseases.
A TEAM OF U.S. scientists has developed an HIV vaccine that works within weeks
According to China Science and Technology Network on May 15, a research team at Duke University in the United States has developed a candidate for a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine. The vaccine targets the extravaginal region on the outer membrane of HIV-1 that remains stable even when the virus mutates. Antibodies that target this stable region of the HIV outer membrane prevent infection by many HIV strains. Clinical trial results for the vaccine showed strong immune activation, with most seroreactions mapped to the viral fraction targeted by the vaccine and a broad spectrum of neutralizing antibodies induced in just two doses. The research results were published in the journal Science.
Fudan University resurrected the "frozen" human brain for 18 months
According to the news on the official account of Xinzhiyuan on May 18, the scientific research team of Fudan University successfully resurrected the human brain that had been frozen for 18 months, breaking the record in the field of cryogenic technology. The team has developed a novel cryopreservation method, MEDY, that interferes with a pathway that normally leads to brain cell death, enabling the preservation of a variety of brain organoids and human brain tissue without disrupting nerve cell structure or function, making thawed organoids very similar in appearance, growth, and function to organoids of the same age that have never been frozen. This achievement is a major breakthrough in the field of cryogenic technology, paving the way for improved research methods for neurological diseases. The research results were published in the journal Cell Reports Methods.
energy
Japan's parliament passed a 15-year, $19.2 billion bill on large-scale green hydrogen subsidies
According to Hydrogen Insight on May 18, the Japanese parliament passed the "Hydrogen Society Promotion Act" on May 17, paving the way for 15-year subsidies for locally produced and imported low-carbon hydrogen. The bill stipulates that the Natural Resources and Energy Agency of Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) will provide subsidies to any type of "low-carbon hydrogen" certified supplier. Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida has previously promised that the government will contribute 3 trillion yen (about $19.24 billion) under the bill to support the promotion of clean hydrogen. These subsidies will be set on a project-by-project basis, with producers receiving subsidies for 15 years as long as supply begins before 2030, but producers must commit to continuing to supply clean hydrogen for another 10 years after the 15-year support period ends. Each project will also need to find an end-user for its hydrogen (or derivatives) in Japan in order to qualify for the subsidy. International developers can take advantage of both Japanese subsidies and domestic production subsidies. The new law needs to be formally promulgated by the Japanese government within six months, and the formal project selection process will begin after the bill is enacted.
U.S. companies are using supercomputing to train open-source AI models in the nuclear domain
According to the China Nuclear Think Tank on May 17, Atomic Canyon (Atomic Canyon) of the United States cooperated with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) of the Department of Energy to use the latter's supercomputer Frontier to train an open-source artificial intelligence model specifically for the nuclear industry, with the goal of open-source nuclear terminology, help build artificial intelligence infrastructure, and provide powerful tools for efficient data navigation, document indexing, performance improvement and cost savings in the nuclear field. This will be the first AI model tailored to nuclear data and content. Atomic Canyon has trained its AI model using millions of publicly available documents from the National Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). The model uses a sentence embedding algorithm that converts written sentences into numerical representations, allowing AI to grasp nuclear terms and accurately identify information, thereby preventing "hallucinations" and biases in the process of data search and analysis. The model can assist in the analysis of a large number of public regulatory guidelines, inspection reports and other documents to help technical developers understand nuclear safety and security requirements. Atomic Canyon will not train the model on sensitive information about the design or operation of nuclear facilities.
ocean
The French Navy uses AI to process sound signals to detect enemy ships
According to the reference news network on May 20, the French Navy's Acoustic Interpretation and Reconnaissance Center recently said that it is cooperating with the French start-up Prairjean to analyze underwater acoustic signals with the help of AI technology. France hopes to test the technology on submarines by the end of 2024 and put it into operational deployment in 2025. According to the report, as more ships are equipped with a large number of passive acoustic sensors, the amount of acoustic data that needs to be analyzed has increased exponentially, from 1TB in 2020 to 10TB in 2024, and is expected to reach 100TB or more in 2030. In this context, it is necessary to analyze massive amounts of data with the help of innovative technology AI.
South Korea's HD Hyundai Group invested in Subic Shipyard in the Philippines
According to the news of the international ship network on May 18, South Korea's HD Hyundai Group and the United States Private Equity Corporation (CCM) recently jointly held a press conference on the future operation plan of Subic Shipyard in the Philippines. At the meeting, HD Hyundai Group signed a contract to lease part of the land and equipment at Subic Shipyard. HD Hyundai Group said it is working closely with the Philippine government to develop Subic Shipyard into a Maritime Complex capable of manufacturing offshore wind substructures, ship segments, and providing ship repair services.
China's first intelligent offshore drilling platform has been installed offshore
According to the news of the international shipping network on May 18, recently, the upper block of the Huizhou 26-6 drilling platform weighing 17,000 tons in the mainland was accurately docked with the jacket, marking the completion of the offshore installation of the first offshore intelligent drilling platform in the mainland. The design and construction of the Huizhou 26-6 platform highlights the core concepts of integration, reuse, and cost reduction, and the number of intelligent equipment is three times that of the traditional platform, but the space occupied is reduced by 1/3, the production efficiency is increased by about 20%, and the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced by 10% per year. The platform will deliver oil and gas deep under the seabed to thousands of households on land through a series of powerful functions such as intelligent production, intelligent drilling, equipment health management, intelligent security, and typhoon production mode.
aviation
The European Missile Group signed a cooperation agreement with the Joint Arms Cooperation Organization to start the conceptual design phase of the development of a hypersonic weapon interceptor missile
According to the TheDefensePost website on May 18, the European Missile Group (MBDA) signed a cooperation agreement with the Joint Arms Cooperation Organization (OOCAR) to start the three-year conceptual design stage of the development of hypersonic weapons interceptor missiles. The conceptual design stage is aimed at selecting an anti-hypersonic ballistic missile interceptor concept that meets the needs of European countries, including defining operational scenarios, weapon system interfaces, establishing joint standards for countering various threats, etc. The missile was developed as part of the European Hypersonic Defense Interception Research (HYDIS2) project, which aims to develop a hypersonic ballistic weapon interceptor missile for use in the atmosphere by 2035. At present, 19 partners and more than 20 subcontractors from 14 European countries are involved in the project, which is coordinated by MBDA.
North Korea successfully completed a test launch of a tactical ballistic missile
According to the Korean Central News Agency (KCNA) on May 18, the DPRK Missile General Administration successfully conducted a test launch of a new tactical ballistic missile in the eastern seas. The missile adopts a new guidance and navigation technology developed by the DPRK, which will significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of strikes. At the same time, the new guidance and navigation technology has the characteristics of high intelligence and autonomy, and supports the carrier to independently complete navigation and strike tasks in complex environments, marking an important breakthrough in the field of missile technology for the DPRK. North Korea said the test was part of the normal activities of the North Korean Missile Administration and its National Defense Research Institute to improve weapons system technology.
space flight
Blue Origin restarts the suborbital manned mission of the New Shepard rocket
According to the SpaceNews website on May 20, Blue Origin successfully launched the "New Shepard" rocket at the Texas One launch site and successfully completed the suborbital manned mission, marking the first resumption of the suborbital manned mission since the failure in September 2022. The mission, codenamed NS-25, carried six crew members to an altitude of about 106 kilometers above the ground. The capsule eventually landed successfully, but one of the parachutes was not fully inflated during the descent, causing a deployment failure. The crew of the NS-25 mission included 90-year-old former U.S. Air Force pilot Ed Dwight, venture capital firm Mason Angel, software engineer Ken Hess, retired accountant Carol Schaller, and French businessman Sylvain Shiron.
The U.S. Space Force released the "Data Analysis, Artificial Intelligence Strategic Action Plan" report for fiscal year 2024
According to the news on the website of the U.S. executive government on May 16, the U.S. Space Force released the report on the "Data Analysis and Artificial Intelligence Strategic Action Plan" for fiscal year 2024. The report supports the four major priorities and visions of the Space Force. Among them, the four major priorities include: first, improving the governance of data and artificial intelligence within the system; the second is to promote the construction of a culture driven by data and artificial intelligence; The third is to re-optimize data and promote the integration of analysis and artificial intelligence technology; Fourth, strengthen cooperation between the government and industry. The four vision objectives include: first, establishing a unified approach between data and AI activities; the second is to develop a team of skilled personnel; the third is to promote research and rapid experiments; Fourth, strengthen relations with allies and partners.
India's testing of a 3D-printed PS4 rocket engine will support the increase in the frequency of its space launch
According to the Aerospace Power Lookout on May 17, India has tested the PS4 rocket engine made of 3D printing. The engine, which lasted for 665 seconds during the test, was in squeeze mode and used a two-component MMH/NTO propellant for the first stage of attitude control and the upper stage of the Indian PSLV rocket. The successful commissioning of the engine will support the enhancement of India's space launch frequency and manned space launch capabilities.
Materials
The Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has developed a new strategy for low-cost and high-quality cathode regeneration of retired power batteries, which is expected to accelerate the promotion and application of advanced recycling technology for power batteries
According to the double carbon intelligence on May 17, the Power Battery and System Research Department of the National Key Laboratory of Energy Catalytic Conversion of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences has made progress in the sustainable recycling of retired power batteries. Based on the regeneration strategy of sustainable leaching and co-precipitation, the research team proposed a high-quality regeneration scheme for the cathode of one-step retired lithium-ion batteries and a new way to transform to the next generation of power battery cathode materials. The research team used the co-precipitation regeneration process to regenerate the ternary oxide cathode with a reversible surface capacity of 2.73mAh/cm2, which exceeded the performance of the current commercial ternary cathode materials. At the same time, the cathode of retired power batteries can be recycled into low-cost NASICON sodium cathode material, which can run stably for 1,200 cycles, and can run stably for 20 years based on 5 times a month. In addition, through life cycle analysis and techno-economic analysis, the team demonstrated that the cost of assembling a 1kWh battery pack from recycled materials would be reduced by $21.65 and $41.67 per kWh (38.3% and 73.6%, respectively), and the impact on human health, ecosystem quality, and resource scarcity would be reduced. The research results were published in the journal Nature Sustainability.
Advanced manufacturing
KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden has developed technology for 3D printed silicate glass sensors
According to the 3dprinting website on May 19, researchers at the Royal Institute of Technology in Sweden have developed an advanced technology that can directly 3D print silicate glass sensors at the tip of the fiber. The new sensor outperforms conventional plastic sensors in measuring organic solvent concentrations and is extremely small enough to place more than 1,000 on a surface area the size of a grain of sand. In addition, the researchers also demonstrated the printing technology of nanograting, which provides new possibilities for the development of quantum communication and other fields. The technology is expected to drive technological advancements in areas such as microfluidic devices, MEMS accelerometers, and fiber-integrated quantum emitters, with far-reaching implications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemistry, environmental monitoring, and healthcare. The research results were published in the journal ACS Nano.
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