Time flies really fast, now it has entered the middle of May, and soon we will usher in the small full solar term, where the "full" refers to the fullness of the wheat, to the small full solar term wheat will immediately mature, and the farmers will enter the wheat autumn festival.
After Xiaoman, the rainstorm weather increased significantly, the weather became significantly hotter, and high temperatures above 30 °C were commonplace. So what vegetables can we still grow when we enter the Xiaoman solar term? The following 5 kinds of heat-resistant vegetables can be planted with confidence, and vegetable farmers should not miss it.
1. Loofah
The loofah has smooth flesh and is rich in vitamins, which can make the skin white and tender, and it is very popular at the table. The loofah is native to the tropics, has strong heat resistance, and we can plant it with confidence when entering the small full solar term.
The loofah can be live-seeded, or seedlings can be transplanted, and we mainly focus on live broadcasting when planting loofahs after a small full. When sowing, we prepare the land and ridge, each ridge is sown in a row, the row spacing is 80 cm, the plant spacing is 50 cm, each hole is sown 3 seeds, and the sowing is covered with 1~2 cm thick fine soil. Special attention should be paid to the loofah, we should not sow too densely, sowing too dense will lead to too closed in the field, poor plant ventilation and light transmittance is not only easy to lead to the occurrence of pests and diseases, but also will lead to the aggravation of loofah flower and fruit drop.
The agricultural proverb says that "the loofah before the melon depends on drought, and the loofah after the melon is irrigated by water", which means that the loofah has not yet bloomed and bears melons, and we should water less before the loofah bears fruit, and the moderate drought of the soil can not only promote the development of the root system of the loofah plant, but also prevent the plant from growing vigorously; When the loofah blooms and bears fruit, the plant has a large demand for water, we should water frequently, and the soil drought will not only affect the expansion rate of the loofah, but also affect the taste of the loofah.
As the old saying goes, "there is no harvest in water, and more harvest and less in fertilizer", when planting loofah, we can combine land preparation with sufficient rotting farmhouse fertilizer as base fertilizer, and we can apply a small amount of urea in the young stage of loofah to promote the vigorous growth of loofah seedlings; When the demand for nutrients is relatively large after the loofah flowers and fruits, we can add 20 kg of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer per mu to promote the continuous flowering and fruiting of the plant; When the loofah enters the peak fruiting period, in order to prevent the premature aging of the plant, we can use 50 grams of potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixed with 20 kg of water per mu for foliar spraying, spraying once every 7~10 days, spraying 2~3 times in a row, which can significantly improve the yield and quality of the loofah.
2. Chili peppers
The mainland is the world's largest pepper planter, and many people are not spicy, such as Qiubei pepper, Shizhu Chaotianhong, Shaanxi line pepper, Hainan bell pepper, Tianying pepper, Sanying pepper, etc. are all excellent varieties of mainland pepper.
Pepper is not cold tolerant, and when the average temperature of the day is stable above 15 °C, you can transplant pepper seedlings, and we can plant with confidence when entering the small full solar term. When transplanting peppers, we should choose robust pepper seedlings, which are the basis for high yield of peppers, and robust pepper seedlings have the characteristics of tall plants, thick stems, developed roots, and dark green leaf color.
When planting peppers, we should choose soil with deep soil layer, convenient drainage and irrigation, and rich organic matter content, and then apply 1000 kg of decomposed farmhouse fertilizer and 25 kg (15-15-15) compound fertilizer per mu in combination with land preparation as base fertilizer. Because the root system of pepper is neither drought tolerant nor waterlogging, we should plant pepper with ridge cultivation, ridge height of about 20 cm, 2 rows of planting per ridge, row spacing of about 40 cm, plant spacing of about 35 cm, and planting 2 plants per hole.
Pepper seedlings should be planted with as much soil as possible, after planting, the soil should be fully watered, and then covered with straw or shade nets for shade, which can prevent the sun from burning the seedlings, which is conducive to adding slow seedlings. When the seedlings are planted for 10 days, we can combine the cultivated loose soil and apply 10 kg of urea per mu to promote the vigorous growth of the seedlings. When the pepper is set and the fruit is set, we need to reapply flower and fruit fertilizer, which can be 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu to promote the fruit of pepper stubble.
3. Beans
Beans, also known as cowpeas, are a typical heat-tolerant crop, even if the temperature is above 35 °C, the beans can bloom and pod normally, so we can plant carobs with confidence after a small full.
The planting of beans is mainly based on direct seeding, we can soak the seeds in water for a day and night before sowing, which is conducive to speeding up the emergence of seedlings, when sowing we sow 3~4 seeds per hole, and cover 1 cm thick thin soil after sowing. When the carob plant grows to about 30 cm, we can build a frame (X-shaped frame or herringbone frame), and the height of the shelf is more than 2 meters, which is conducive to the flowering and fruiting of the carob.
Special attention: carob itself is a nitrogen-fixing crop, so we must not apply partial nitrogen fertilizer when planting carob, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer can easily lead to the vigorous growth of carob plants, and the vigorous growth of carob plants will inhibit reproductive growth, and the yield of carob will be greatly reduced. When the carob plant grows to a height of 1.5 meters, we can top the carob plant, which can promote the carob plant to bloom more and set more pods, and the yield of the carob will be greatly improved.
Fourth, cucumbers
Cucumber, also known as courgette, was introduced to the mainland by Zhang Sai's envoy to the Western Regions, and has been cultivated in the mainland for more than 2,000 years. Cucumber is not cold tolerant, when the temperature is lower than 12 °C, the seed will not bud, the most suitable temperature for growth is 22~32 °C, which is very suitable for planting in summer.
Cucumber likes moisture and is not tolerant to waterlogging, we should use high furrow cultivation, furrow width is about 1.2 meters, each furrow is planted in 2 rows, row spacing is about 60 cm, plant spacing is about 40 cm, and furrow width is about 30 cm. In order to reduce nutrient waste, we have to remove the excess tendrils by hand, and remove the old leaves, yellow leaves, and diseased leaves at the bottom of the plant, which can not only promote the concentrated supply of nutrients to the cucumber to blossom and bear melons, but also improve the ventilation and light transmittance of the plant, and the yield and quality of cucumbers will be greatly improved.
Special attention: when the cucumber grows to 30 cm high, we have to set up a frame to lead the vine, and the vine should be carried out in the counterclockwise direction, and the time of the vine should be carried out in the afternoon, so that it is not easy to break the stem.
5. Water spinach
Water spinach is a heat-loving plant, and the seeds germinate very slowly when the average temperature of the day is below 15°C, so water spinach is very suitable for growing in hot summers.
The planting of water spinach is very simple, we can soak the seeds in water for 24 hours before planting, and then sow the seeds after soaking by hand, which can greatly speed up the emergence of seeds. Water spinach can be sown or sown in strips, and seedlings can emerge in 7 days after sowing.
Water spinach likes water and fertilizer, in the growing period we should water frequently, try to keep the soil moist, fertilization to nitrogen fertilizer, so as to promote the vigorous growth of water spinach.
In summary, the weather is getting hotter and hotter after Xiaoman, and the above 5 kinds of vegetables are high-yield and heat-resistant.
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