#人们不敢大消费的原因有哪些? #
It is a well-known fact that the Chinese population is large. China's population will reach 140 billion by the end of 2020. The increase in population has both labor dividends and consumption. With the popularity of advanced consumption concepts, as well as the rapid development of mobile payment, people can spend more money more easily, and thus get more access to loans. Chinese people have always had strong purchasing power, so many foreign attractions have Chinese signs, and use Chinese holidays to carry out some promotional activities to attract Chinese to spend.
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the purchasing power of ordinary people has been greatly improved, and the dream of owning their own house and car is gradually becoming realized. However, our per capita consumption level is still very low relative to advanced countries, especially the United States. The United States is the world's largest economic power, with a GDP higher than that of Europe. Although some have already raised questions about the US government. But there is no doubt about the economic strength of the United States.
The United States uses the "spending method" to calculate GDP, with 70% of GDP being calculated from GDP. This figure comes after retail sales of consumer goods in the United States reached $6 trillion. In the same year, China's total retail sales of consumer goods reached 41 trillion yuan, equivalent to $200 billion in the United States. It's no secret that Americans are few. The population of the United States reached 330 million in 2020. That's a lot for China's 1.4 billion people.
Despite this, in recent years, the United States has been one of the most powerful countries in the world, which has made many countries jealous. Why does the United States, with a population of 330 million, have the world's largest purchasing power, while China, with its population of 1.4 billion, does not surpass the purchasing power of the United States? Why do the Chinese stop spending money?
First of all, Chinese are not always happy to spend money, but afraid to spend it. In stark contrast, Chinese residents prefer to save, which makes it difficult for them to make significant gains. In real life, although young people nowadays have a more advanced consumption concept, most people, especially the older generation, are still more inclined to save and "trickle down" in case of emergency.
Second, the majority of residents are not reluctant to spend, but their purchasing power is not strong enough. In real life, few people can truly achieve the independent distribution and free consumption of wealth. Most people only have enough to fill. Some may still be struggling to survive. So, on the whole, the purchasing power of residents is not high, which is why everyone does not dare to spend more.
Third, our consumption of goods is largely dependent on exports. On the one hand, people's spending power is not enough, and they are reluctant to consume. On the other hand, the state is investing more and more in the industrial base, and the production capacity is also increasing. However, mass-produced products were still exported. Domestic demand is insufficient, and the products produced can only be exported abroad. But now it seems that once the world economy cools down, it will inevitably have an impact on the domestic economy, and people's spending will also fall.
Fourth, high price effects. When house prices go up, even though people put their money into real estate, because house prices are getting higher day by day, we feel that our wealth is increasing, so we have the courage to spend it. In the past two years, people's expectations for future housing prices have changed under strict regulations. Many people lose money when they buy a house, but there are also many people who are skeptical about the property in their hands, afraid that the house price will fall and their assets will shrink, so they dare not spend money. Therefore, the continuous rise in real estate prices has changed from the "wealth" effect of the past to the "squeezing" effect.
At the same time, Jack Ma and Cao Dewang also expressed their views on the previous purchasing power.
Jack Ma estimates that China has a population of 1.4 billion, of which more than 300 million are middle class. However, he also pointed out that the consumption of middle-income earners is still far from meeting their expectations. How rich are the Chinese, but why do they have so much money and dare not use it? Cao Dewang has a different view on this. There are less than 200 million people in China who have purchasing power, and nearly a billion people who are just ordinary people who have no purchasing power at all. At the same time, he pointed out that most of the Chinese spend on houses, which creates a shortage of actual consumer demand and spending.
In fact, Jack Ma and Cao Dewang have different understandings of Chinese purchasing power. The group of people that Jack Ma has a fancy for has purchasing power, they are "China's richest", with the characteristics of high consumption and high savings. Cao Dewang, on the other hand, pays more attention to those who have no purchasing power, that is, ordinary people. There are also data showing that China's household savings are declining every year, and the savings of 560 million yuan are "zero". At the same time, the growth rate of mainland residents' debt has also greatly exceeded that of developed countries, and the per capita debt has reached 130,000 yuan.
Other figures show that China's household debt-to-earnings ratio is as high as 100 percent, meaning that most of the money earned is used to pay off debt. The numbers above show that many people are "in debt" when they don't actually have enough money to spend it. Coupled with the sudden outbreak of the "epidemic", many people went bankrupt and could not afford to repay their debts.