The woman and Wu Ding worked together to conquer the first battle of the Pakistani side

The woman and Wu Ding worked together to conquer the first battle of the Pakistani side

In 1976, the jade phoenix unearthed from the tomb of the woman in Yinxu in Anyang, Henan Province, with a height of 13.6 cm and a wall thickness of 0.7 cm, is now in the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences. A lot of jade dragons have been unearthed from the tomb of the woman, and the jade phoenix is the only one, which shows that the woman attaches great importance to the phoenix. This vessel is very similar to the phoenix character in the Shang Dynasty oracle bone inscription, and is an excellent physical object for studying the image of the phoenix in the minds of the Shang Dynasty people.

The jade phoenix has a high crown and a beak, short wings and a long tail, and the pavilion looks back and wants to fly, elegant and free, and the long tail of the stretch is naturally curved, and the tail feather is divided into points, and it is clean and unmarked. There is a perforation in front of the body, which makes the phoenix body plump and charming. The perforated knob with the protruding back should be the place where the rope is suspended. The image of the phoenix is beautiful and exquisite, and the jade is crystal clear and clean, which makes people can't help but take a second look and hold on. "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" says: "The phoenix bird is said to be virtuous, the wing is said to be shun, the text is benevolent, the back is righteous, and the world is harmonious when you see it." It shows that the phoenix was still a symbol of morality and benevolence at that time, perhaps, when the woman admired this jade phoenix, in addition to expressing nobility, it also meant auspiciousness.

"Xin Sibu, there are 3,000 women, 10,000 Denglu, and Hu Faqiang. "This is the largest number of troops recorded in the oracle bone inscription, and the supreme commander of this war is the woman. At that time, the warriors and generals who had been on the battlefield for a long time and had made great achievements in the war were all led by the woman. After this battle was fought, the power of the Qiang people was greatly weakened, and the western border of Shang was stabilized.

At that time, there was a strong tribal earthwork in the west of the capital city of Anyang (central and southern Jin). They often intruded on the borders of the Shang and plundered people and property, which was a major problem for the dynasty for many years. Therefore, Wu Ding ordered Nu Hao to lead his troops into battle, and in just one battle, he repelled the invading enemy. The woman took advantage of the victory to pursue and completely defeated the earth. From then on, the earthwork never dared to invade again, and later, it was finally included in the territory of Shang.

The most wonderful battle of the woman is the battle with Wu Ding to conquer the Pakistani side. Before the battle, Nuhao and her husband agreed on a plan, Nuhao ambushed the army in the west of the enemy, and Wu Ding led the elite troops in the east to launch a surprise attack on the Pakistani army. In the encirclement of the Wuding army and the women's army, the Pakistani army took care of one thing and lost the other, and the formation was chaotic, and it was finally surrounded and annihilated, and the southern border was pacified. This is probably the earliest recorded "ambush warfare" in China.

You are the queen's wife, and she doesn't love "red clothes" and "arms". In the tomb of the woman excavated in 1976, many women's special ornaments such as exquisite bone carving knives, bronze mirrors, bone pipes, and agate beads were found, as well as large stone cicadas, small stone pots, stone bases, stone pots and other "utensils" for play, which all show that she has a delicate side of women. What is amazing is that in addition to these gadgets, there are also a large number of weapons in the burial goods.

Two bronze pieces of Yue were unearthed from the tomb of Nuhao, among them, a large Yue is 39.5 cm long, 37.5 cm wide and weighs 9 kg. It is decorated with a double tiger devouring human head pattern, and there is an inscription on the word "good woman". Based on this, some articles say that the woman is holding two big axes and charging into battle, and it is inferred that "the woman's arm strength is amazing".

That's a misunderstanding caused by ignorance of history, and that kind of giant weapon is okay to hold in both hands, but it is difficult to use one in one hand. In fact, this kind of ceremonial instrument as a symbol of power, like the banner used by the army, must be held by a special person (nobleman) and stand on the chariot. If the fire is fierce, then I dare to do it. This is to say, in the felling, Tang himself clings to the banner on the chariot, and the courtiers have a pious attachment to the big Yue, in order to show that they are subject to the mandate of heaven and conquer.

"Historical Records of Zhou Benji" says that "(Zhou) King Wu left staff Huang Yue, right Bing Bai Yi Lu", Huang Yue and Bai Ming are both symbols of power and prestige, used to command the three armies (Yilu), rather than holding these two things to charge into battle. Huang Yue is a bronze Yue, because when the bronze was just cast, it was yellow, and it was called "gold" in ancient times, and it rusted and turned blue-black after a long time. Therefore, the Yue is not a combat weapon, but a ceremonial weapon for the symbol of the authority of the woman, which can be seen that the woman has the right to conquer, which should be a great thing at that time.

It is recorded in the divination that the woman is involved in a lot of government affairs, and Wu Ding often sends the woman to go out to run errands, so in the divination, Zhen asked the woman if she wanted to come to the big business?

The good woman had to send people to do things, and the good woman also cooperated with the ministers to do things for the king. The woman will also see many women, "many women" is the common name of the concubines of Wu Ding, and the concubines of Wu Ding are more than 60 people who are seen in the divination, from different countries and tribes, and their status is noble. The good woman summons many women from the ground, which shows that the status of the good woman is higher than that of many women.

The woman will also meet the elderly. The ruler met with the elders (among the princes and nobles, the old people who were old and virtuous) to show that they respected the elders and cared for their subordinates. Wu Ding also sent a woman to do this, which shows his trust in the woman, and at the same time, he also sees the nobility and extraordinaryness of the woman's status.

The woman also has to pay tribute to the big merchants, and the divination says, "The woman is good to show Shitun." Guest. (See "Collection") "show" is the meaning of dedication, "tun" is "pure", is the unit of measurement of oracle bones used for divination, two pieces of cow shoulder blades (that is, left and right shoulder blades) for one pure, "ten tun (pure)" is twenty pieces of cow shoulder blades. The last "Bin" was the divination official of the Wuding period, and it was he who received the cloth bone offered by the woman, so he engraved his name on the cloth bone to indicate that he signed it. It is also recorded that she paid tribute to the big merchant to the turtle, the divination said "good into fifty", where the divination said how many tun (pure) is the divination bone, only the number does not say the measure word is the divination armor, that is, the tortoise shell used for divination, which is a very rare and precious thing in ancient times, called "treasure turtle", the woman is good at a time to pay fifty pieces, indicating that the woman is very rich.

The prisoner or slave escaped, and let the woman go to arrest, the divination said: "Zhen: call the woman to be persistent" (see the "Collection"), the writing of the oracle bone inscription is like holding the shape of "luck" in both hands, "luck" is the torture instrument that shackles the prisoner, and the "execution" in the divination is the meaning of arresting the prisoner.

In short, there are many big business affairs in which women participate, and women are involved in everything that men can do, and women are not allowed to shave their eyebrows.

In addition to the noble status of the queen and a first-class military general, the importance of a woman is also reflected in the special position she holds, that is, the soothsayer who presides over the sacrifice. In her time, people were superstitious about ghosts and gods, admired the mandate of heaven, and were very popular in sacrificial divination, especially the Shang royal family and the slave-owning ruling class. Therefore, the sacrifice is one of the most important state events. The priests who hold the power of this supreme priesthood must have extensive knowledge and high status, and become the actual decision-makers of major state affairs of the state through communication with ghosts and spirits.

(End of this article)