Measles season is high for you to master!
Spring is the peak period for measles! So what are the symptoms of measles? And how can we prevent measles?
What is Measles?
Measles is an acute respiratory infection caused by the measles virus, which is one of the most common infectious diseases in children, with the main peak of incidence in the spring, and it is extremely contagious.
Mode of transmission
The virus is mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract through droplets or aerosols produced by sneezing, coughing, talking, breathing, etc.
Susceptible population
The population is generally susceptible. More than 90% of susceptible people develop the disease after contact with a sick person. Long-lasting immunity after illness. Adults are often immune to measles or measles vaccination as children. Babies up to 6 months of age are protected by maternal antibodies. However, after measles vaccination, the natural infection rate of measles decreases, and the antibody levels of women of childbearing age decrease, and the ability to protect their babies also decreases.
What are the symptoms of measles?
After measles virus infection, there is generally an incubation period of 1 to 2 weeks, the main symptoms in the early stage of the disease are fever, runny nose and other "cold" symptoms, and the rash appears on the 3rd to 4th day of fever, which is a rose-colored papule, which first appears behind the ears, then on the face and neck, and then spreads to the whole body, and the rash is generally not itchy. After the rash emerges, it gradually fades in the order of eruption, darkens the color, has pigmentation and pityriasis desquamation, and subsides in 2 to 3 weeks, and the rash subsides and the body temperature also drops to normal. The prognosis of measles alone is good, but measles virus infection can also easily cause complications such as pneumonia, encephalitis, myocarditis, and severe cases can lead to death.
What are the measures to prevent measles?
1. The main measure to prevent measles is to widely vaccinate infants and young children with hemp-containing vaccines. Hemp-containing vaccines can be given to both children and adults who have not had measles.
2. Isolate patients to reduce the spread of measles.
3. The patient's clothes are exposed to the sun, and the patient's room is often ventilated.
4. Exercise more, wash your hands frequently, and maintain good personal hygiene habits.
5. During the measles epidemic, try not to go to public places or crowded places, and wear masks when entering and exiting.
The Bavarian Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminds that the vaccine program of the National Immunization Program stipulates that the vaccination schedule of measles and mumps vaccine is the first dose at the age of 8 months and the second dose at the age of 18 months.
Source: Bavarian CDC
Review: Liu Yu
Editor-in-charge: Zhang Yan
Editor: Guo Qinqin