Preface
As the first portable energy storage stock (stock code: 301327), Huabao New Energy has been deeply involved in photovoltaic charging outdoor power supply for 12 years, with a cumulative global sales volume of more than 3 million units. Hello Tech New Energy's domestic brand Dianxiaoer has launched the latest outdoor power supply 1000 Pro 2 to meet users' needs for a higher performance, safer and cost-effective outdoor power supply with 1 kWh of electricity.
The new generation of 1000 Pro 2 continues the iconic black and orange brand color scheme and ergonomic patented handle of the old 1000 Pro with a capacity of 1070Wh, which has been upgraded in an all-round way in terms of performance and safety. Power upgrade: The 1000 Pro 2 adopts GaN bidirectional inverter technology, with a rated output power of 1500W, an increase of 50% compared to the previous generation, and a peak output power of up to 3000W. Charging speed upgrade: Added emergency flash charging, 1.8x acceleration and 1 hour full charge at the earliest. Security upgrade: Equipped with ChargeShield 2.0's new safe fast charging technology, it provides 62 protections from the inside out, with three charging modes to switch. Durable upgrade: Built-in high-quality lithium iron phosphate battery cells of the world's top 3 brands, which are still greater than 70% after 4000 times of full charging and discharging, and are recharged once a day, lasting for ten years. Design upgrade: smaller and compacter, 18% smaller than the old model. In addition, the 1000 Pro 2 upgrade adds smart APP, UPS and other functions, making it more intelligent and lightweight. The following charging head network will bring you the dismantling of the new generation of electric Xiaoer outdoor power supply 1000 Pro 2, and take a look at the internal materials and workmanship design.
Multi-port charging without queuing: multiple AC+DC function ports, worry-free charging and power consumption
The 1000 Pro 2 continues the classic black and orange design language, but the design has been upgraded, and the volume is 18% compressed compared with the previous generation, making it more compact and portable.
The front of the fuselage is equipped with LCD digital display screen, lighting, 2C1A and multiple DC output ports of cigarette lighter, and two sets of 3+2 combined AC jacks.
The outdoor power supply is not only equipped with a main switch, but also equipped with an independent control switch for each functional module, and also has an indicator light prompt, which makes the on/off status clear at a glance, and the use is more flexible and safe.
The LCD digital display screen can display the current input and output power, remaining power and remaining power consumption time.
On the right side is the LED light, equipped with a separate switch that can be adjusted in three modes with different clicks, and in case of an emergency, it can be set to continuously flash the SOS rescue light to help get out of trouble in an emergency.
The left car charger output supports DC 12V10A specifications.
The corresponding maximum output power parameters are printed next to the three USB ports of 2C1A, which is convenient for users to choose.
Two sets of 3+2 national standard AC jacks support up to AC 1500W pure sine wave output, and there is a safety protection door inside the jack to prevent foreign objects from being inserted into a single hole to ensure the safety of electricity.
The back of the fuselage is pasted with the nameplate of the electric Xiaoer outdoor power station 1000 Pro 2.
Close-up of the product nameplate
Name: Power Station 1000 Pro 2
Model: JE-1000D
Cell type: lithium iron phosphate cell
Lithium-ion battery pack energy: 30.4Ah/35.2V DC (1070Wh)
AC 额定输出能量:835Wh(220V~,6.81A)
AC 输入:220V-240V~50Hz,10A Max
DC Input (8020 Port):
光伏 16V~60V/10.5A,双路 21A/400W Max;
车充12V~16V/8A Max,双路 8A Max
2xAC 输出:220V~50Hz
AC total output: rated 1500W, peak 3000W
USB-C1输出:30v max,5v3a、9v3a、12v2.5a、15v2a、20v1.5a
USB-C2输出:100V max,5v3a、9v3a、12v3a、15v3a、20v5a
USB-a输出:18v max,5-6v3a、6-9v2a 9-12v1.5a
Car charging output: 12V10A
Charging temperature: 0°C~45°C
Discharge temperature: -10°C~45°C
Seller: Guangdong Electric Xiaoer Technology Co., Ltd
Manufacturer: Shenzhen Huabao New Energy Co., Ltd
The top of the fuselage is designed with an ergonomic patented folding handle, which is comfortable to hold and easy to store.
The orange casing on one side of the fuselage is designed with heat dissipation holes.
There are also 220-240V 10A MAX AC strong current input ports and two DC input ports (2*8020 ports) below, which can be charged in a variety of ways to solve users' outdoor charging anxiety.
The shell on the other side of the fuselage is also designed with heat dissipation holes, and it can be seen that the internal configuration is equipped with a cooling fan, which actively dissipates heat to ensure that the product can operate efficiently for a long time.
The bottom four ends of the fuselage are designed with anti-slip pads, and the center area of the fuselage is concave to prevent wear.
The measured length of the outdoor power station is about 32.7cm.
The width is about 22.4cm.
The height of the fuselage is about 24cm.
In addition, the weight of the 1000 Pro 2 is 10.85kg.
The USB-C port supports FCP, SCP, AFC, QC3.0/4+, SFCP, PD3.0, PPS, DCP, SAM 2A, and Apple 2.4A charging protocols as measured by ChargerLAB POWER-Z KM003C.
PDO报文显示USB-C口具备5v3A、9v3a、12v2.5a、15v2a、20v1.5a五组圑v2.5a、15v2a、20v1.5a定电压档位,以及3.3-11v3A、3.3-16V2A两组PPS电压档位.
The other USB-C port supports FCP, AFC, QC3.0, PD3.0, PPS, QC5, DCP, and Apple 2.4A charging protocols.
PDO报文显示 USB-C口还具备5v3a、9v3a、12v3a、15v3a、20v5a五组固定电压档位,以及3.3-21V5a一组PPS电压档位.
The USB-A port supports Apple 2.4A, Samsung5V2A, DCP, QC2.0/3.0, AFC, FCP, and SCP charging protocols.
Finally, the output voltage of the AC jack is measured to be 218.7V, which is in line with the mains standard after removing the influence of errors and fluctuations.
Well-known brand materials, new safe fast charging technology, fine workmanship, reliable quality
First, unscrew the fixing screws on the surface of the housing and disassemble the housing.
The plastic housing is provided with stiffeners inside.
Close-up of damping rubber for the handle hinge.
The shell is made of PC+ABS material.
The inside of the fuselage is a bidirectional inverter module at the top, a battery pack at the bottom, and a protection plate on the side of the battery pack, which is connected by wires and connectors.
There are vents in the grille on the sides.
The grille is also made of PC+ABS material.
The grille on the other side is equipped with an AC input socket and a DC input socket.
The DC input socket is soldered to the small board and connected by wire soldering.
The AC input socket and the connecting wire are connected by plug-in connectors, and the jacket is covered with an insulating rubber sleeve.
Close-up of the battery pack output XT30 connector.
The battery pack is connected to the bidirectional inverter module via an XT90 connector.
The DC charging input is connected to the bidirectional inverter module via the XT30 interface.
The battery pack is fixed with a plastic frame and the bidirectional inverter module is a metal shell.
The bidirectional inverter module is equipped with a cooling fan.
The other side has a breathable grille.
The top of the bidirectional inverter module is also equipped with an open-hole grille for ventilation.
The battery pack is secured by a plastic frame.
The positive and negative electrodes of the battery are laser welded.
The bidirectional inverter module is shielded with a metal shell.
The binding post in the lower left corner is the AC input end of the inverter module, and the connecting wire is the AC output end of the inverter module.
The bottom of the bidirectional inverter module is a metal shell.
Remove the metal casing on top of the inverter.
Inside the housing, there is an air duct composed of a cooling fan and Mylar sheets.
Unscrew the fixing screws and remove the PCBA module from the inside of the housing.
The inside of the housing is insulated with black Mylar sheets.
There are screw posts inside the housing for fixing the PCBA module.
In the middle of the PCBA module, there is an air duct composed of a cooling fan and a Mylar sheet.
Disassemble and remove the air duct composed of the cooling fan and Mylar sheets.
Mylar sheets are fixed by sticking double-sided tape to the heat sinks.
The cooling fan is from Huaxia Hengtai Electronics, the model is DA0625B12HG, and the specification is 12V0.25A.
List of bidirectional inverter modules, the connecting wire in the upper left corner is the AC output terminal, the socket in the lower left corner is the AC input terminal, the soldering common mode inductor, the safety X2 capacitor, and the switching relay. The lower right is the DC input terminal, and the filter inductor and filter capacitor are welded. The upper part is the switch tube and the heat sink, and the filter inductor, resonant capacitor, resonant inductor and transformer are welded above the heat sink. The upper middle position is the high-voltage filter capacitor, and the right side is the control board.
The back of the PCBA module is soldered to isolate the driver chip and the current sampling chip.
A thermal protector is welded to the AC input.
The thermal protector is S11 series, and the specification is 12A.
On the right side of the thermal protector, there is a safety X2 capacitor and a varistor.
A green thermistor is used to detect the internal temperature of the inverter.
Close-up of the MPPT input filter circuit with filter inductor, Y capacitor and magnetic ring inductor. The bottom of the filter inductor is insulated with bakelite board.
The blue Y capacitor comes from Anshan Qifa.
The two filter capacitors are from Aihua.
The specification is 80V330μF.
Close-up of magnetic ring inductors, filter capacitors, filter inductors and other components.
The film capacitor is from Shengrongda and has a specification of 0.1μF.
One dual op amp from SRP, model LM2904A.
Fix eight switches on the heat sink.
The four on the left are from Xinjieneng, model NCEP035N10M, NMOS, withstand voltage 100V, conduction resistance 3mΩ, TO220 package.
Close-up of four filter capacitors and four switch tubes on the other side.
The filter capacitor is from Aihua and has a specification of 63V 680μF.
The four MOS tubes on the right are from Xinjieneng, model NCEP023N85, NMOS, withstand voltage 85V, conduction resistance 2mΩ.
The connector used to connect the battery pack is from ams.
The connector is XT90 model.
In the middle of the two heat sinks, there is a transformer, a resonant capacitor, a resonant inductor and a filter inductor.
The filter inductor is magnetically wrapped.
The resonant capacitor is from Xiamen Farah Electronics, and the specification is 0.027μF 1000V.
The resonant capacitor is welded to a small vertical plate.
Below the resonant capacitor is the resonant inductor, which is wound with litz wire.
The transformer is wound with PQ35 cores.
Close-up of current transformer, wound with high-temperature tape insulation.
Four switches are fixed on the heat sink behind the transformer.
The switch is from Shangyangtong, model SRC65R100BS, NMOS, withstand voltage 700V, conduction resistance 100mΩ, TO-220C package.
Four switch tubes are fixed on the heat sink on the other side.
The two switches on the left are from Shangyangtong, model SRC65R075FBS, NMOS, withstand voltage 700V, conduction resistance 75mΩ, and TO247 package.
The two gallium nitride switches on the right are from gallium future, the model is G1N65R050TB, it is a gallium nitride switch with a withstand voltage of 650V and a peak withstand voltage of 800V, its conduction resistance is only 50mΩ, and the overall performance is at the leading level in the industry. It also features a rugged gate that simplifies gate drive design, providing optimal performance and outstanding reliability.
A thermistor is fixed on the heat sink to detect the temperature.
The two high-voltage filter capacitors are from Aihua and are 525V390μF.
The output end of the inverter module is equipped with safety X2 capacitors, common mode inductors, relays and current transformers.
The output lead is equipped with an anti-interference magnetic ring.
The safety X2 capacitor is from Europ and has a specification of 3.3μF.
The power relay is from Hongfa, model HF7FD, coil voltage 12V, built-in set of normally open contacts, contact capacity of 16A 250Vac.
Close-up of a transformer detecting the output current.
Common mode inductors are wound with flat copper wire.
The common mode inductor and the relay are glued and fixed.
The relay is from Hongfa, model HF140FF-G, is a small medium power relay with a coil voltage of 12V, two sets of built-in conversion contacts, and a contact capacity of 16A 250Vac.
A small control board is provided at the edge of the PCBA module.
Two control chips are soldered on the other side of the control board.
There is also a transformer on the back of the small board to isolate the power supply.
The primary controller is from Texas Instruments, which is a C2000 series real-time microcontroller, model TMS320F280023PTSR, with a built-in 32-bit DSP core on the chip, a frequency of 100MHz, an integrated FPU and TMU, and a built-in 64KB flash memory. It can be used for industrial motor drives, motor control, photovoltaic inverters, digital power supplies, electric vehicles and transportation, sensing and signal conditioning applications, and is available in an LQFP-48 package.
A buck chip is from MPS, silkscreen printed IARDR.
The secondary controller is from TI Texas Instruments, which is a C2000 series real-time microcontroller, model TMS320F280025PNS, with a built-in 32-bit DSP core on the chip, a frequency of 100MHz, an integrated FPU and TMU, and a built-in 128KB flash memory. It can be used for industrial motor drives, motor control, photovoltaic inverters, digital power supplies, electric vehicles and transportation, sensing and signal conditioning applications in an LQFP-80 package.
The memory is from Puran, model P24CM01, with a capacity of 128KB, which is used to store configuration information.
A buck chip is from MPS, silkscreen printed IARDR.
The isolation amplifier is from NOVOSENSE, model NSi1311, which is used for voltage detection and isolated transmission.
The isolated power chip comes from Xinpeng, model PN8149, the chip integrates a controller and an 800V withstand voltage MOS tube, the peripheral components are simplified, and it has complete and comprehensive protection functions.
A total of eight NOVOSENSE NSi6602AD drivers are used in the inverter for switch drive, six of which are in SOP16 package.
Two are in SOW16 packages.
The isolation chip comes from Rongpai, model π131S61R, which is a three-channel digital isolation chip.
The current sensor from Xinjin Electronics, model CC6910, is a high-performance Hall-effect current sensor that supports DC and AC measurements, with high accuracy, excellent linearity and temperature stability, and is widely used in industrial, consumer and communication equipment. The chip has 2.5A, 5A, 10A, 20A, 25A, 30A, 40A, 50A and multiple ranges, and the amount is SOP8 package.
Xinjin CC6910 data information.
The current sensor chip is from ACEINNA, silkscreen MCA11503, model MCA1101-50-3, is a 50A range, 3.3V power supply isolated current sensor, using AMR anisotropic reluctance technology.
A driver chip from SRP, model TPM27524, is used to drive the isolation transformer.
Close-up of the corresponding isolation transformer.
A step-down converter from Jewalt, model JW9563P, supports 100V input voltage, peak limiting current of 3.5A, the chip has a built-in high-voltage switch, the switching frequency supports 100-600KHz adjustment, the chip has input under-voltage lockout, current loss control protection, output short-circuit protection and overtemperature protection, and adopts ESOP-8 package.
Jewalt JW9563P Profile Information.
The battery pack is fixed by a frame, using a lithium iron phosphate battery with a size of 33140, using a total of 22 batteries, which are 11 strings 2 and connected.
The battery pack is labeled with a charging limit voltage of 41.6V and a capacity of 30Ah.
A list of battery protection plates, with a current sampling resistor and fuse on the left and a battery protection tube below.
Three 2mΩ resistors are connected in parallel to detect the battery current.
The battery end fuse is from Better Electronics, the discharge number is 477, the specification is 40A, and the two are connected in parallel.
The battery protection chip is from Texas Instruments, model BQ76952, supports lithium-ion, lithium-ion polymer and lithium iron phosphate, supports monitoring and protection chips of 3-16 string battery packs, integrates a charge pump inside the chip for high-side NMOS drive, has two independent ADCs built into the chip for voltage and current simultaneous sampling, and supports nine external thermistors for temperature detection.
The battery protection MOS tubes are connected in parallel using seven pieces.
The battery protection tube is from Jiejiewei, model JMSH0804N, NMOS, withstand voltage 80V, conduction resistance 3.2mΩ, and TO-263-3L package.
Close-up of equalization MOS transistors and resistors for multi-string cell balancing functions.
TVS diode models are SMCJ54A for overvoltage surge protection.
The transistor is from Yangjie Technology, model MJD31C, withstand voltage 100V, collector current 3A, TO252 package.
One MOS transistor is from Xinjieneng, model NCE01P13K, PMOS, withstand voltage -100V, conduction resistance 170mΩ, and comes in TO-252-2 package.
Close-up of two current-limiting resistors.
SMDJ54CA双向TVS二极管特写。
One MCU from GigaDevice, model GD32FCESCBT6, is used for protection board communication control.
An isolator chip is from NOVOSENSE, model NIRS21N1D, which is a dual-channel bidirectional high-reliability digital isolator.
Two EL3H7 optocouplers are used for isolated communication.
Inside the case, there is a socket module and a fast charging panel.
The socket module is from Zhejiang Belga Electronics, and the specification is 10A250V.
One side of the fast charging panel is equipped with a screen, cigarette lighter interface, wireless communication module and LED lighting. The USB-C and USB-A ports are soldered underneath.
On the other side, there are components such as buck inductor, main control MCU, filter capacitor and MOS tube.
The input wire is sleeved with a magnetic ring to suppress high-frequency interference.
The input fuse is from Bet Electronics, and the specification is 15A.
The input filter capacitor specification is 220μF 63V.
One MOS transistor is from Xinjieneng, model NCE0110K, NMOS, withstand voltage 100V, conduction resistance 108mΩ, and comes in TO-252-2L package.
The synchronous step-down controller from MPS Xinyuan Semiconductor, model MP9929, is a synchronous step-down controller that supports 100V input voltage and drives an external NMOS switch.
Close-up of four synchronous buck MOS tubes used with the MP9929.
The two step-down upper tubes are from Jiejiewei, model JMSL1008AG, NMOS, withstand voltage 100V, conduction resistance 6mΩ, and are packaged in PDFN5*6-8L.
The step-down downtube is also from Jiejiewei, model JMSH1006AG, NMOS, withstand voltage 100V, conduction resistance 5.3mΩ, and is packaged in PDFN5*6-8L.
The step-down inductor is made of magnetic surrounding, the inside is glued and filled, and the outer heat shrinkable tube is insulated.
The output filter capacitor specification is 220μF 50V.
The synchronous buck controller of the 12V output of the cigarette lighter is from Nanxin Technology, model SC8002, which is a synchronous buck controller, which can be configured as dual output or single output. The SC8002 regulates the output voltage to a 5V or other voltage by setting a voltage divider resistor. High-accuracy output current limiting is also provided. When either of the two output channels reaches the set current limit, the SC8002 enters constant current (CC) mode. The total output power can be set by the resistor, which is convenient for constant power control.
The SC8002 can be set to the frequency and select the PWM or PFM operation mode. With the smallest BOM, maximum functionality can be achieved for the user's different applications. The SC8002 also supports full-featured protection, including under-voltage protection, over-voltage protection, short-circuit protection, auto-restart, and over-temperature protection. SC8002 is mainly used in on-board chargers, multi-group interface adapters, hubs, industrial voltage conversion, etc.
Close-up of the four step-down switches used.
The synchronous step-down switch is from CR Micro, model HGQ065NE4A, NMOS, withstand voltage 60V, conduction resistance 5.2mΩ, and adopts PDFN5*6 package.
The step-down inductor used with it is made of magnetic surround and insulated by a heat shrinkable tube.
The filter capacitor is from Fengbin, which is a PV series solid capacitor with a specification of 220μF35V.
Close-up of filtered magnetic ring inductance.
The positive electrode of the cigarette lighter is welded to the housing by wire, and the negative electrode is welded to the housing.
The fast charging panel main control MCU is from GigaDevice, model GD32F303RCT6, is an MCU with a frequency of 120MHz, built-in Cortex-M4 core, with 256KB FLASH and 48KB SRAM, and supports PWM signal output.
The memory used is from GigaDevice, model GD25Q64ESIG, with a capacity of 8MB.
The 1117 voltage regulator chip has an output voltage of 3.3V and is used to power the MCU.
The LCD screen is connected to the fast charging panel through a cable.
A step-down chip comes from MPS Xinyuan Semiconductor, model MP9487, the chip has a built-in high-voltage upper tube, supports 100V input voltage, and the output current is 1A.
Close-up of the chip fuse at the input.
The input filter capacitor is from Aihua and is specified at 10μF 100V.
The output filter capacitor specification is 100μF 25V.
The LED driver IC is a step-down LED driver from CR Silicon, model PT4115E, supporting 50V input voltage, output current of 1.5A, and SOT89-5 package.
Close-up of five SMD LEDs.
The wireless communication module from Espressif, model ESP32-C3-MINI-1, supports 2.4G WiFi and Bluetooth 5, and is used to connect the outdoor power supply to the mobile app.
The step-down chip for the 30W output power USB-C interface comes from Zhirong Technology, the model is SW3526S, the chip integrates a 3.5A high-efficiency synchronous rectification step-down converter, supports PPS, PD, QC, AFC, FCP, SCP, PE, SFCP, low-voltage direct charging and other charging protocols, supports CC/CV mode, and only requires a small number of external components to form a complete high-performance multi-fast charging protocol charging solution.
Thanks to the high integration of the chip, SW3526S the protocol chip, synchronous buck controller and step-down MOS transistor in the traditional fast charging step-down solution are all condensed and integrated into one package, which greatly simplifies the circuit design of multi-port fast charging.
Zhirong SW3526S Detailed specifications.
Close-up of the magnetic ring buck inductor used with it.
The VBUS switch is from Silan Micro, model SVT03200PSA, PMOS, withstand voltage -30V, conduction resistance 16mΩ, and SOP-8 package.
The protocol chip for 100W output power USB-C comes from Nanxin Technology, model SC9712, which is a highly integrated dual-port fast charging SoC that supports a variety of fast charging protocols, integrates a 36V high-efficiency synchronous step-down controller, and has a set of Type C interfaces and two sets of DPDM fast charging protocol interfaces, which can minimize external components and support UFCS fast charging protocol.
The SC9712 supports up to 140W of total output power, all dual-port outputs support CC/CV mode, NTC temperature monitoring, and provides a variety of protection mechanisms, including over-voltage protection, over-current protection, short-circuit protection, and over-temperature protection, effectively protecting chips and systems. It is available in a 32pin 4*4mm QFN package.
Nanxin Technology SC9712 Facts.
The synchronous step-down switch is from CR Micro, model CRTM063N04L, NMOS, withstand voltage 40V, conduction resistance 4.5mΩ, and DFN5*6 package.
Close-up of the magnetic ring buck inductor used with it.
The output VBUS switch is of the same type.
The USB-A port uses Nanxin Technology SC8101 synchronous step-down converter for step-down output. The SC8101 is a high-efficiency synchronous step-down DC-DC converter with an adjustable output voltage range of 5V to 32V input and output up to 5V/5A. At the same time, it also provides a high-precision output current limit, and when the output reaches the set current limit, it enters constant current mode. The chip has an integrated switch and streamlined peripheral components.
Nanxin SC8101 details.
Charging head network learned that Nanxin SC8101 has previously been used in Anker PowerHouse II 400 outdoor power supply, Nubia Maifei magnetic car wireless charger, Anker magnetic dual wireless charger, Huawei P40 mobile phone protective case, Xiaomi 2-in-1 charger and other products. In addition, Nanxin's fast charging chips are widely used in mobile power supplies, chargers, car chargers and other fields, and have been adopted by dozens of products.
Close-up of magnetic ring buck inductor.
The input filter capacitor specification is 100μF 35V.
The output filter capacitor is 220μF 35V.
Both the USB-C and USB-A ports are soldered through vias, and the black tongue does not show copper.
Close-up of the SMD button used to control the output of the fast charging panel, with an LED light on the left side.
A list of all dismantling and a family photo.
Summary of the dismantling of the charging head network
The new generation of electric power station 1000 Pro 2 has made major upgrades in many aspects such as charging speed, output power, safety and durability. The three charging methods of mains, solar power and on-board car charger allow users to recharge with peace of mind wherever they go, and the higher AC inverter output power makes it not a problem to use on-board refrigerators, electric kettles, frying pans and other equipment. In addition, it is equipped with a variety of DC output ports to meet the charging needs of laptops and mobile phones. The new upgrade brings a better experience to users' outdoor recreation, outdoor operation and emergency backup and other power consumption scenarios.
Through the dismantling of the charging head network, it was learned that one of the core battery packs is made of high-quality automotive-grade lithium iron phosphate cells of the world's top 3 brands, which brings better quality and stronger performance with higher standards. At the same time, the battery pack adopts a patented nickel belt design and a fully wrapped battery protection compartment protection, supplemented by the industry's high-level fire and shockproof standard design shell to ensure long-term safe use.
The bidirectional inverter module is designed with the popular GaN technology solution, which not only has higher reliability, but also brings higher efficiency and lower temperature ramp performance than conventional solutions. The product also comes with an intelligent light sound cooling system design, 22dB light sound air cooling and heat dissipation, so that the product can run efficiently and quietly when supplying power to high-power equipment.
The internal materials of the product are all well-known brands, with 12 layers of intelligent protection of battery management system, the whole machine has passed 533 rigorous tests, the overall workmanship is fine, and the quality is reliable. The internal PCB is coated with conformal paint for protection, which enhances the protection ability and improves the reliability of the whole machine.