Preface
VBUS refers to the power supply pin or voltage bus of the USB interface in the fast charging path, VBUS carries the power supply signal and provides the required power supply to the connected devices. At the same time, VBUS is also used for device detection and identification. When the USB is plugged in or unplugged, the load state of the VBUS changes, triggering the system to detect and respond to the device. In addition, some USB-C cables are also designed with VBUS protection to ensure that the current and voltage received by the device from the USB port does not exceed the rated value to protect the device and the power supply.
For fast charging adapters, the protocol chip is often used with VBUS switch applications, and its working principle is to be refrigerated by the protocol chip, and then the power device is constantly "turned on" and "turned off", so that the power device can pulse modulate the input voltage, so as to achieve DCDC voltage conversion and automatic voltage regulation. However, in the past, the separation design of protocol chips and VBUS switches was difficult to meet the needs of miniaturization and efficiency of fast charging equipment at this stage.
The application of integrated VBUS switch protocol chip in fast charging equipment
When sorting out the previous dismantling cases, the charging head network found that there were protocol chips with integrated VBUS switches from Greenlink, Romas, ZEEKR and other brands of charging equipment. Some of the parameters of the four protocol chips that appear in the article are shown in the figure, and the detailed information will be introduced to you below.
慧能泰HUSB351
Hynetek HUSB351 is a protocol chip designed for low-power USB-C chargers in a DFNFC-9L package. The chip is USB PD certified, TID:1962, supports Type-C 1.4 and USB PD3.0 specifications, and is available in a DFNFC-9L package.
The chip has a wealth of fast charging protocols, supports constant voltage and constant current control, and integrates VBUS switch and current sampling resistor, which can save board space and reduce BOM cost. Hynetek HUSB351 also has multiple protection functions including over-voltage protection, under-voltage protection, over-current protection, over-temperature protection, etc., and the peripheral components are simplified.
Application examples
Jiletang 25W fast charging charger
This 25W fast charging charger is designed with a straight body and is equipped with Euro-standard fixed pins to support a wide voltage input. The charger has a single USB-C interface, supports PD and PPS fast charging, and other fast charging protocols, and has two output voltages of 5V and 9V to meet the charging needs of mainstream mobile phones and tablets.
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Teardown report: JOYROOM 25W fast charger
慧能泰HUSB382
Hynetek HUSB382 is a protocol chip that supports USB-C and USB-A ports, and the chip integrates a VBUS switch for interface output control to further simplify the peripheral components. HUSB382 supports 5V, 9V, 12V FPDOS and two programmable APDOS, HUSB382A supports 5 FPDOS and two programmable APDOS.
HUSB382 supports Chip-Link technology and supports multi-chip communication. The chip integrates over-voltage protection, under-voltage protection, under-voltage lockout, over-current protection, fast over-current protection, CC and DPDM pin over-voltage protection and thermal shutdown protection, and the chip provides QFN4*4-32L package, which is suitable for fast charging chargers and car charging applications.
Application examples
倍仕达20W 1A1C快充充电器AD26
This 20W charger is designed with fixed European plugs and a straight board shape. The charger supports a global wide voltage input, the output has a 1A1C interface, the USB-C interface supports 20W PD fast charging, and supports PPS fast charging, which has good compatibility with Apple and Android mobile phones. In addition, the USB-A port has an 18W fast charging output, which can also meet the fast charging needs of old-fashioned mobile phones, which is more practical overall.
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Teardown report: Bestar 20W 1A1C fast charging charger AD26
Yingjixin IP6566
Yingjixin IP6566 is a fully integrated SOC step-down chip with integrated dual USB-C port outputs, supporting 20W fast charging output, and supporting USB-C and USB-A port applications. The chip integrates VBUS switch and current sampling resistor, which can achieve single-port fast charging, dual-port 5V output without external switch and sampling resistor, and has independent interface overcurrent protection.
The chip integrates a synchronous step-down converter, supports USB PD3.0 fast charging, supports 5V, 9V, 12V PD voltage output and 3-11V PPS fast charging, supports QC2.0/3.0, supports Huawei FCP/SCP fast charging protocol, supports Samsung AFC fast charging, supports VOOC fast charging and SFCP fast charging. The built-in upper tube conduction resistance is 30 mOhm, the lower tube conduction resistance is 20 mOhm, and the working frequency is fixed at 105KHz. IP6566 supports 32V working voltage and 40V input withstand voltage, which meets the requirements of USB PD fast charging multi-port step-down and 12V and 24V car charging applications. The input under-voltage protection is 8.2V, and the chip has built-in input over-voltage, input under-voltage, and output over-current/short-circuit protection, and supports over-temperature protection function. The data pin has built-in 30V overvoltage protection to effectively prevent damage to the finished product caused by damaged data cables, and is available in a QFN-28 package.
Application examples
ZEEKR 1200W power bank 1200
ZEEKR is a mobile power supply with a built-in bidirectional inverter module, with AC fast charging and AC output capabilities, which is essentially an outdoor power supply product. ZEEKR mobile power bank adopts an integrated shell design, adopts a long square column shape, and integrates carry handles on both sides of the shell for easy movement. The power bank has a built-in 1058Wh lithium battery, supports 1200W inverter output, and the peak output power is 2400W.
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Teardown report: ZEEKR 1200W power bank 1200
罗马仕20000mAh 100W快充移动电源Sense6 Max
This 20,000mAh power bank has a 2C2A port, and two USB-C ports support 65W fast charging input and 100W fast charging output. And the 188 digital tube power display is used to accurately display the battery percentage, and the remaining power of the mobile power supply is more intuitive. There are also touch buttons on the side for a better user experience.
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拆解报告：罗马仕20000mAh 100W快充移动电源Sense6 Max
Silicon Semiconductor XPD767
The VS767 protocol chip has passed the USB PD3.0 certification, TID: 3479. It supports QC2.0/3.0/3.0+, AFC, FCP, SCP, HVSCP, PD and PPS fast charging protocols, supports USB Type-A and Type-C dual-port working modes, integrates 10mΩ VBUS path power switch inside, and integrates 10mΩ current sense resistor, supports perfect protection function, saves the number of peripheral components, simplifies the circuit, reduces costs, and has TSSOP-20 and QFN20 packages.
Application examples
机乐堂70W 2A2C快充车充
The 70W car charger body of the machine is designed with a glossy surface and matte design, and the style is rounded. There is a cool RGB light ring on the top of the car charger, which is more beautiful. The biggest feature of this car charger is that it is equipped with up to four USB ports, and has a good total output of 70W, with excellent compatibility, it can charge four devices at the same time, meeting the needs of multiple devices at the same time during travel.
Related Reading:
Teardown report: Jiletang 70W 2A2C fast charging car charger
绿联130W 2C1A快充车充
This 130W car charger is equipped with 2C1A three interfaces, supporting 100W/20W PD fast charging and 22.5W Huawei low-voltage fast charging, from the performance point of view, it is an upgraded version of the previously disassembled green link 69W car charger, not only that, but also with LED light rings, the overall is more exquisite and beautiful, to meet the needs of media reporters and travel enthusiasts.
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Teardown report: Greenlink 130W 2C1A fast charging car charger
Summary of the charging head network
In fact, in the continuous dismantling of the charging head network in recent years, it is found that the trend of today's power chip market is integration and high efficiency, so the application of integrated VBUS switch protocol chip is becoming more and more extensive. These chips enable brands to simplify circuit design, while providing precise voltage and current control and multi-protocol support in the fast charge overoutput, and reducing the parasitic impact of wiring to provide users with a more stable and safer charging experience.
The four chips mentioned in the article, Hynetek HUSB351, HUSB382, Yingjixin IP6566 and Yunsi Semiconductor XPD767, all support a variety of fast charging protocols on the basis of built-in VBUS switches, and support multiple safety protection functions, with high integration, which can save circuit board space and reduce BOM costs, provide manufacturers with greater design flexibility and cost advantages, and effectively protect the safety of equipment and users.