dop设计(ID:dopdesign)原创
Author丨Dong Xiao
Good afternoon, fellow readers of DOP Design:
In public projects, there are often designs with doors of more than 3 meters, especially in spaces such as banquet halls and halls.
Under normal circumstances, the mainstream view in the industry is that the height of more than 2.4m is considered a super high door, of course, there are also said that the height of more than 3m is an ultra-high door, and for the weight of more than a combination of pages to bear the weight (50kg) of the door is an overweight door, the specific definition should be determined according to the regulations.
The question is, what are the design points of this kind of ultra-high and overweight door? Let's talk about it:
1. What hardware is used to open and close?
2. What is the structure?
3. What are the key points of design control?
01. What kind of hardware do you use?
1. Determine the opening and closing method
△ Elevation of the super high door
If you want to know the hardware installation of the ultra-high and overweight door in the diagram, you must first know the opening method of the door, if it is only one-way opening (that is, it can only be opened inward or outward), then according to the thickness and weight of the specific door, choose the corresponding model of heavy-duty hinge or eccentric door shaft and other door hardware to achieve;
If it is opened in both directions (both inside and outside), it is necessary to use a heavy-duty floor spring or a heaven and earth shaft to make the opening and closing members to meet this requirement.
△ Heavy-duty hinge
△ Heavy-duty floor springs
2. Selection of hardware accessories
The ultra-high and overweight door adopts customized heavy-duty door shaft hardware accessories, eccentric installation, one-way opening, and the maximum load-bearing capacity is 300-450KG door weight (universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the door);
When the door weight is between 450-700KG or higher than 4m, in addition to the use of customized super heavy duty door shafts, the upper part of each door also needs to add three heavy-duty pivot door shafts, the bottom of the door is installed with universal wheels, and all hardware is installed in accordance with the technical parameters provided by the manufacturer.
△ Floor plan of overweight and overweight doors
If the ground spring or the heaven and earth shaft and other components need to be embedded, it is necessary to play the positioning line on the spot before the ground leveling in the early stage, and the hardware components are embedded in advance.
3. Installation requirements
Before the installation of all over-height and overweight doors, the installation technical plan must be formulated. When installing, it is necessary to ensure that the upper, middle and lower pivots are on the same axis, and the pivot must be firmly connected with the steel skeleton embedded in the door sleeve and the door.
△ Side elevation of ultra-high and overweight doors
The upper part of each door must be equipped with a safety chain (anti-inverted chain), one end of the safety chain is fixed on the embedded steel skeleton in the door, and the other end is fixed on the galvanized sodium square connected with the structure; the safety chain bears a tensile force of more than 300KG, and is greater than the door weight, and the safety chain must be fixed on the embedded steel frame of the door leaf and the door frame.
△ Detail of the upper installation node
△ Detail of the lower installation node
02. Structural analysis of ultra-high and overweight doors
For the construction of ultra-high and overweight doors, there is a very detailed interpretation in my book "Interior Design Practical Guide (Craft)", here is a brief explanation.
Let's first sort out through the structure of the swing door: the structure of the swing door = door sleeve + opening and closing component + door leaf, and the opening and closing structure refers to the components that play the role of opening and closing, such as hinge, heaven and earth axis, eccentric axis, etc.
△ The structure of the door
Applying the formula of door structure (door structure = door sleeve + opening and closing member + door leaf), the installation method of ultra-high and overweight can also be understood in this way, that is: ultra-high and overweight door structure = metal door sleeve + heavy-duty floor spring + metal door leaf.
In order to ensure that the door of this height is more stable, it is not like the ordinary door, only wood and plates are used to make the door leaf, and the form of steel frame needs to be added to the door to ensure the stability of the door.
△ The front elevation of the embedded steel frame in the door leaf
In this way, the weight and thickness of the door leaf will become heavier, and the thickness of the general door is about 50mm, while the door thickness of the ultra-high and overweight door similar to the figure is usually between 60~100mm.
In order to ensure its safety, when the door exceeds 6m, it should be calculated by the structural design whether it is necessary to increase the safety chain, if it needs to be increased, the embedded parts of the safety chain should be reserved when deepening, and the embedded parts need to be connected with the steel frame of the base layer, and must not be fixed on the door sleeve finish.
△ Safety chain schematic
03. What are the key design control points?
1. Door crack treatment
For the ultra-high and overweight door in the picture above, a closer look will show that there will be a gap between the door leaves. When making design, everyone wants the effect of seamless splicing, but the thickness of this super-heavy and ultra-high door itself is thicker than that of conventional doors, coupled with the limitation of material specifications, in order to ensure the normal opening of the door leaf, there must be a joint situation.
△ Safety chain schematic
There will be a 2mm seam in the middle of the conventional swing door, and the ultra-high and overweight door needs 5~10mm to leave a seam, and in order to reduce this seam situation, a dust strip or sealant strip will generally be set in the door leaf for sealing treatment, and the door leaf can also be staggered.
△ Staggered seam treatment
2. Consideration of design points
According to the different use space, it is also necessary to consider the sound insulation and functionality of the door, whether it is necessary to increase the door hardware accessories such as dust strips, ground locks, sealing strips, etc., and also consider the relationship between the door sleeve of the ultra-high and overweight door and the surrounding materials.
△ Installation node details
If you want to realize the two-way opening of the door, you need to use the axis of heaven and earth to realize the 360° opening of the door.
△ Schematic diagram of the installation of the axis of heaven and earth
3. Door leaf finishing layer treatment
When designing the scheme or deepening the design, remember that the material with too large area must reserve the process seam. If the relationship between the joints of the large area of the material and the surrounding shape is not taken into account in the design, the construction party may place an order for the material according to its own understanding, which will affect the aesthetics.
In addition, it is necessary to consider the specification constraints of the material to avoid the situation of ideal design. The maximum side length of most decorative panels is 3000mm, such as: wood veneer, stone, etc. Aluminum plate, stainless steel plate is a metal material, the conventional maximum side length is about 6000mm;
The width of the wallpaper is about 1400mm, and only glass, a common decorative material, can be customized to more than 10m, but its high cost is scary.
Brief summary.
Let's summarize the design points of doors over 3 meters:
1. First of all, it is necessary to clarify the opening method of the ultra-high and overweight door, and select the hardware components corresponding to the heavy-duty hinge or eccentric door shaft according to the specifications of the door when opening in one direction;
2. When the door weight is between 450-700KG or higher than 4m, in addition to the use of customized super-heavy door shafts, the upper part of each door also needs to add three heavy-duty pivot door axles, and the universal wheels are installed at the bottom of the door.
3. Ultra-high and overweight door structure = metal door sleeve + heavy-duty spring + metal door leaf; in order to ensure the stability of the door, it is necessary to increase the form of steel frame in the door to ensure the stability of the door; when the door exceeds 6m, it should be calculated by the structural design whether it is necessary to increase the safety chain (anti-inverted chain).
4. The door crack of the ultra-high and overweight door needs to leave a gap of 5~10mm, in order to reduce this seam situation, a dust strip or sealing strip will be set in the door leaf for sealing treatment.
Well, this issue of DOP dry goods is here, if it helps, remember to like, watch, forward support, your support, is the biggest motivation for us to update!
What other questions and insights do you have about the super high and super heavy door?Welcome to leave a message below, and we will discuss and learn together~
Finally, regarding the node analysis and landing control of design cases, I recommend the course "Dongxiao丨Process Node Improvement Plan" to you. Through 20 practical cases, you will be taught a set of ways of thinking and change your design landing analysis ability.