"Sozoku March 3"
Are Guangxi friends ready to sing a song?
In the Lingnan region of ancient times
People sing and dance with this instrument
Today, let's get to know the Yongfu kiln blue glaze painted flower cavity waist drum
01
Beat the waist drum and sing
This "small waist" is not simple
Speaking of waist drums
You might think of this scene
Historically, waist drums are not limited to such shapes
A thin waist drum produced by a local porcelain kiln in Guangxi in the Song Dynasty
It was quite popular at the time
This porcelain blue glaze painted flower cavity waist drum
Unearthed in Guangxi Guilin Yongfu kiln Tianling kiln
The length of the drum is 46.7 cm
The porcelain of the waist drum is gray tire
The drum body is glazed
One end is approximately spherical
The other end is flared
Has a slender "small waist"
Take a closer look at the drum body
It is depicted with an abstract chī pattern and a dragonfly brown pattern
The "mantle" is a legendary dragon without horns
It was often used as a decoration on ancient crafts
02
The waist drum commonly used by the folk in Guangxi
How to play?
Zhuang, Yao and other ethnic minorities in Guangxi
At harvest and festival times
There is a custom of beating waist drums
It was also widely used in the past
Occasions related to sacrifices, such as Nu opera, Nu dance, and Shigong opera
Therefore, Guilin people are multi-energy, Fangjing family has this drum, good luck and evil things are all together, and all night long.
"Guilin County Chronicles" describes the universality of the waist drum in Guilin, Guangxi
and its important use in sacrificial activities
Until today
Porcelain waist drums are still used in Vinh Phuc's folk activities
In the performance of "Yongfu Yin Flute Music".
One of the instruments that plays the role of the main voice of the pillar is the waist drum
First, cover one end of the ball with sheepskin
Then strangle the "little man's waist"
Control the intervals with the degree of tightness
It is usually set at the G or D tone
Acts as a metronome during playing
Tap on one end of the ball
The horn can transmit the sound far away
But the waist drum in the performance of "Yongfu Yin Flute Music".
It is not a spherical end opening, but a short cylindrical opening
It can also be seen from this that the waist drum unearthed from the Yongfu kiln and Tianling kiln
The influence on the later waist drum system
03
It was transmitted to the Central Plains along the Silk Road
The Song Dynasty built a kiln to specialize in firing waist drums
The porcelain waist drum was first seen in the Sui Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty
Continued to the Song and Yuan dynasties
This type of waist drum originated in the Western Regions
During the Western Han Dynasty, it spread to the Central Plains along with the Silk Road
During the Sui and Tang dynasties, with the prosperity of music and dance, it was popular in the Central Plains
When playing Western music and dance such as Qiū Cí and Shule
You will use the waist drum
△ Porcelain waist drum after restoration
The Song Dynasty waist drum was also widely used in folk music
Fan Chengda of the Southern Song Dynasty recorded in "Guihai Yu Hengzhi".
Flower cavity waist drum, out of Guizhitian Township. Its soil is particularly suitable for drum cavity, and the villagers specialize in kiln burning, and the oil painting safflower pattern is decorated.
To this day, there is still the custom of using waist drums in many areas of Guangxi
△ Schematic diagram of the geographical location of Yongfu kiln Tianling kiln
Judging by the current archaeological excavations
Yongfu kiln Tianling kiln, Tengxian Zhonghe kiln, Rongxian Chengguan kiln in Guangxi Song Dynasty, etc
All of them are made of porcelain waist drums
Among them, Yongfu kiln Tianling kiln has the largest number
There is also a kiln that specializes in firing waist drums
△ Yongfu kiln Tianling No. 1 kiln real picture
The yield is so large
Could it be that at that time, "everyone had one hand and one drum"?
In fact, it is not only used by local people
The products of Guangxi Song Dynasty porcelain kilns will also be exported to foreign countries in large quantities
The Song Dynasty was a period of vigorous development of the porcelain industry in the mainland
At that time, Guangxi mainly burned the porcelain kiln of waist drums
All of them are distributed along the ancient waterway transportation arteries
It shows that the products of these kilns will also be sold to other places through waterways
The waist drum is constantly inherited and innovated among the ethnic minorities who can sing and dance
It has witnessed the integration of Central Plains culture and Lingnan culture
Across geography and time and space
Let us hear the remnants of a thousand years ago
Source: CCTV News
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