Cheerful gongs and drums were beaten, high-pitched and loud suona was blown, and people in the red were twisted.
"Look! Look! It's coming! It's coming!"
"Ahh
"Ha! That person who carries the abacus seems to be the security director of our village!"
"Hey, who's that pretty daughter-in-law on a dry boat?"
These are some scenes of the Spring Festival and Lantern Festival in Wugu Town in the sixties and seventies of the 20th century.
Stirring up the Yangge
In the sixties and seventies of the 20 th century, people went through the difficult and difficult moments of eating in the big canteen and the great famine, through the Four Clean-up Movement of socialist education, and the baptism of the "Cultural Revolution" that touched people's souls.
People all have some desires, and while they are well fed and clothed, people also have further needs for spiritual enjoyment, especially during the traditional and lively Spring Festival. At that time, there were no televisions, and people had no other form of entertainment. As a result, the traditional form of making a scene during the Spring Festival became a unique form of rendering the New Year's customs and making a Lantern Festival at that time.
At that time, most of the boom was inherited from some traditional programs left by the predecessors, as well as some programs that people kept pace with the times, wrote, directed, and performed by themselves, although there was no luxurious stage background, no high-end equipment, and no gorgeous costumes. But it is prosperous, lively, unpretentious, natural, although some also have some heavy tastes, but it is just to set off the festivity, laughter, and make people happy, not to promote anything yellow.
Provincial intangible cultural heritage such as gongs and drums, noisy heavenly music clubs, etc. - Fenyang Wai cymbals are locally called pounding cymbals
Fenyang Wai cymbals are locally called pounding cymbals
At that time, the prosperity played a role in connecting the past and the future, and was a kind of inheritance of traditional culture, based on the local area, enriching the spiritual and cultural life of the people, rendering the atmosphere of the New Year's Festival, and making the local New Year's flavor stronger, more mellow and more festive. The performers are all familiar people, familiar dialect slang, and show some local folk customs, as well as some stories that happen in the lives of local people, which is more down-to-earth and popular. As a result, more people are attracted to get involved.
The New Year is in full swing
Although those twisting Yangge, racing carts, running dry boats, big-headed dolls, etc., as well as beating gongs and drums, are a bit cheesy, and even dirty, but its prosperous scene can make people feel the breath of the New Year, the liveliness of the Lantern Festival, and let people feel that this "New Year's Festival" has a good time, be happy, reduce some troubles and pressure in the joy and excitement, and bring some different kinds of joy. Then, the traditional programs handed down by the predecessors will be passed on and bloom on the vast stage of the countryside.
At the same time, because of the prosperity based on the local area, close to the local culture, inheriting some local folk customs, propaganda and changing customs, imperceptibly, so that the people away from gambling and feudal superstition, the rural folk customs for a new look.
It has gone beyond the simple entertainment function, while enriching people's cultural life and rendering the atmosphere of the New Year, as a symbol of rural culture, it has also become a good carrier for condensing people's emotions, promoting rural civilization and promoting the harmonious development of the countryside.
At that time, when it was the Chinese New Year, some people in our Yanwu Ancient Town spontaneously and voluntarily organized to make a scene. It is nothing more than some programs handed down by the people before the inheritance, twisting Yangge, running dry boats, rowing dry boats, racing carts, big-headed dolls, stepping on stilts, gongs and drums and noisy music clubs, etc.
Twisting Yangge: Twisting Yangge is generally some beautiful big girls and little daughters-in-law, wearing colorful costumes, drawing eyebrows and eyes, heavy makeup, wearing flower arrangements, hand-cranked fans, with the nodes of gongs, drums and suona, light and cheerful twisting around. The people watching from the side couldn't help but twist around to the beat of the music and drums and their steps.
Twisting Yangge
Dry boats: Dry boats originated very early and were related to sacrifices. It is said that more than 2,000 years ago, the patriotic poet Qu Yuan threw himself into the Miluo River and died, and every Dragon Boat Festival, people raced dragon boats in the river to commemorate.
According to the record of "Huguang Zhi", Yunmeng County could not race boats because of the shallow river, so it used bamboo and paper to form a dragon boat, beat gongs and drums, and paraded in the city. This activity has been handed down and dry boats have been formed. Later, it gradually spread to various places.
According to the "Miscellaneous Records of the Ming Emperor", there were roller coasters and dry boats in the Tang Dynasty. Books such as Song "Old Things of Wulin" recorded the grand scene of dry boats in the Song Dynasty.
Dry boats can be divided into two types, one is rowing boats, and the other is running dry boats.
During the rowing, one of the performers is a "captain" who leads the way and makes a variety of rowing movements. In the performance, the boat riders often take fast steps, so that the hull can keep the boat in a stable state, just like a boat floating on the water, quite vividly shaping the scene of sailing on the water.
The rowing performance consists of a young woman standing in the boat, called the "Boat Girl", and another person playing the role of a clown, holding a broken pampa fan in her right hand and an oar in her left hand, her nose smeared with white powder, and a big beard under her forehead, fanning back and forth around the boat, thus triggering laughter from the audience.
When rowing the "dry boat", the accompaniment instruments generally used are gongs, drums, cymbals and other percussion instruments, and there are also places with one or two suona accompaniments, the atmosphere is warm, the mood is active, and it has a strong local customs and national color. The rest of the people beat gongs and drums on the side, and the dry boat performs according to the change of rhythm.
The performances and props of the dry boat are concise, bright and simple, and the atmosphere of life is strong, which is a kind of folk art that the masses particularly like.
The pilot of the rowing boat holds the oars, and the performance route of the fleet depends on his command. There is more than one boat rider, three or five in groups, lined up in a line, and the "boatman" tacit cooperation, up and down, with the "waves" rotation, bumping, just like the vivid animation of the boat running on the water. In the process of advancing, it is necessary to run out of a variety of routines that are usually trained, with ups and downs, vivid and lively, attracting people who watch the "red fire".
Dry boating
In the performance, rowing boats are generally led by one male to move forward, and there are also two male rowing one boat forward, this is rowing boats.
The other is that there are many ships without a "captain", and one ship leads the way in front. This is a dry boat.
In the process of running a dry boat, it is necessary to run out of various routines that are usually trained, which are undulating and lively, attracting people who watch the "red fire".
Run dry boats
Run dry boats
The production of dry boats is mostly made of bamboo, wood, and straw to form a boat-shaped skeleton, and the size of the dry boats varies, depending on people's wishes. In the middle of the boat-shaped skeleton, a "well" frame is tied with a bamboo pole, and the "wellhead" is both the part of the cabin and the part of the performer, and four bamboo poles are erected along the four corners of the cabin to make the four pillars of the cabin, and then the top of the cabin is tied to it. Some are molded with dragons, cranes, chickens, fish and other auspicious animal images in the bow of the ship, the decoration on the boat circumference is simple and complex, paper, lanterns, mirrors, colored silks, tassels, etc., are all used as beautifying embellishments, exquisite and gorgeous, beautiful and generous. In the middle of the boat, there is a space for one person to stand, and the performers live in the boat, the boat is tied to their bodies, and then they wear colorful costumes and prosthetic legs, cross in front of the boat, and hold the boat with both hands, as if sitting on a boat. The bottom of the boat is surrounded by a blue or white cloth, and the upper side is painted with water patterns to cover the performers' legs and feet.
Run dry boats
The costume of the boat girl (i.e., the performer) is a classical folk costume, with her head coiled into a large curl of flowers, and she holds the side of the boat in her hand, which is matched with the footwork of her feet, showing the boat undulating in the whirlpool and waves.
The classic appearance of the rowing man is to wear a felt hat or straw hat ring, wearing an old-fashioned costume, and the classic appearance of the rowing old man is to hang a long white beard (a beard used in the drama) on his face in light color, and keep blowing his beard when paddling, so that the white beard floats up. He did "tiger jumping", "spinner", "sweeping legs", etc., to show that he was fighting against the wind and waves.
Among the performers is a "captain" who paddles and leads the boat, leading the way in front and making various rowing movements. In the performance, the boat rider often walks fast, rushes to break steps, and the hull rises and falls and moves smoothly. The story played by the dry boat, depending on the plot, and the decoration also depends on its content.
The content of the performances is mostly ship-related stories in ancient dramas, such as "Fishing and Killing Home", "Xu Xian Travels to the Lake", "Autumn River", etc., and modern dramas include "The Little Daughter-in-law Returns to Her Mother's Home", "Transporting Military Rations", "Harvesting Grain", etc., with different forms, realistic appearances, lively and cute.
Dry boat culture is a common cultural image of human society, rich in cultural connotation, closely related to people's production and living habits, and closely linked with local historical customs and habits. It was born in the folk, accumulated in the folk, and acted on the folk.
The dry boat activity is accompanied by waist drums, carts, floats, gong and drum teams, stilts, big-headed dolls and other performance forms, which is colorful, prosperous and lively.
The spirit of dry boat is full of vitality and passion, is the indomitable spirit, symbolizes the lasting burst of strength, symbolizes the will to strive for the first, symbolizes the mind of unity and cooperation, symbolizes the perseverance of victory without arrogance and defeat, and symbolizes the wisdom of flexible cooperation.
The purpose is to pray for good weather and good fortune in the coming year. It has a wide range of people, deeply influencing people, and shaping the unique soul and humanistic character of the local area.
Dry boating is a group of two, usually a combination of men and women. As the saying goes, men and women match, work without getting tired, and that's really the truth.
The people who sit on the dry boat are usually some beautiful little daughters-in-law, with elegant figures, handsome appearances, and light little broken steps floating to and fro to the beat of the music.
In front of him was an old man dressed as a young man, holding a paddle board, and also taking light steps, rocking to and fro with the rhythm of the pace of the boat. Especially the young woman who was on the boat, with her graceful figure, beautiful face, colorful costumes, and graceful dance steps, attracted the applause of the crowd from time to time.
Look at it! The "captain" rowing in front of the dry boat is vigorous and striding forward, and the "lady" sitting in the boat behind is dressed up in a pretty appearance and follows with broken steps, and her body swings from side to side with the beat of the drum.
And another attraction is the funny harlequin next to the dry boat, he holds a broken fan in his right hand, an oar in his left hand, and his nose is smeared with white powder, running around the hull of the boat, with a flexible posture and exaggerated expression, which makes the audience laugh.
Booming rowing boats
At that time, the race cart was a bit heavy, generally the race cart was a group of three people, generally two men and one woman, a man pushed the cart in the back, one of the half-old made up and wore bright makeup, dressed in colorful green, two earlobes, each hung a cotton ball dyed red, dressed up in a demonic manner, like the old bustard in the green building before, sultry and sultry. Rocking lightly in the cart, and frowning from time to time.
And there is a clown in front of the cart who specializes in making people laugh. There was a clown who played the clown for a few years was Wang Yucai of the first production team at that time, he was a big carriage driver, unkempt, and usually loved to chatter (local idiom refers to nonsense), amusing people and making jokes. So, the trolley plays the clown, as the local saying goes, and the sleepy gives a pillow.
Look, he was dressed as a roe deer, obscene, dressed in soap, holding a heavy wooden mallet, and from time to time teasing the half-aged in the cart in front of and behind him, gagging, and sometimes making a special appearance to make people laugh. Among them, there are some actions with a bit of obscene style that cause people to laugh.
Racing trolleys
At that time, the race cart was favored by people and it turned out that a woman in the first production team of our village, who was forty miles away at the time, with a thin figure, probably because the family conditions were not very good at that time, she looked a little old-fashioned, with flabby wrinkled cheeks, dressed up, and the image of a half-old Aunt Mao, it was really a coincidence, I don't know what her name is, I know that people call her Aunt Mao.
Although Aunt Mao performed vividly in the show, and even a little frivolous, she was a kind, kind, and thrifty person in life.
And there is also an attractive attraction of the big head race (shai three sounds);At that time, the big-headed doll performance,There are some heavy taste children are not suitable。
The big-headed doll show, which we call locally Sai Datou, is a collaboration between two men, one pretending to be a man and one pretending to be a woman. At that time, I was young, and I didn't quite understand what they were performing, and the content seemed to be a story in the West Chamber! Zhang Sheng played Yingying, and the specific performance seemed to be a plot of Zhang Sheng and Cui Yingying from acquaintance, love, blind date, and love to worship heaven and earth and enter the cave room.
The male big-headed doll is Zhang Sheng, who is a member of the second production team at that time named Wang Fulin, tall and energetic, ranking second, people also call him Erbulin, and he is often seen smiling. Playing the female big-headed doll, that is, Cui Yingying, it was Wang Xueli of the first production team at that time, who was not too tall, looked relatively thin, usually neither humble nor arrogant, and not smiling.
The two of them are tall and short, and their witty and funny body language causes people to laugh from time to time
The two of them are tall and short, complementing each other, the performance process is vivid, and the witty and funny body language causes people to laugh from time to time. It's just that some of the performances in the cave room are too explicit, some obscene, and a little inappropriate for children.
Seeing those beautiful daughters and daughters-in-law, they were red-faced and embarrassed. And the old fritters among the half-aged and men are laughing!
Yangge of Fenyang
Yangge of Fenyang
Fenyang local Yangge
Fenyang stilts in Fenyang Middle School at the beginning of the 20th century
And in the team of the Lantern Festival, there were some people who carried a big smoking gun to perform the old rich man of the old society, and Wen Yaoyou, the director of the village security at that time, carried a big abacus to play the big steward of the old society landlord and old wealth. The procession also included peasants from the old society, who were sloppily dressed. There are also those who wear high hats and dress up as rich and anti-bad rightists, bulls, ghosts, snakes, and gods, and there is no shortage of images of gamblers, and so on.
There are also people who perform with a large smoking gun in their hands
In short, it is varied, miscellaneous, gongs and drums are noisy, colorful flags are fluttering, the front is the copper drum and foreign horn in the school, and there are two classes of bells in our village in the middle, the instrumental music is ringing in unison, the mighty and mighty, lively and extraordinary, swaggering through the market.
After the team paraded through the north and south streets of the large army, it was their turn to go to the locations of various organs in the ancient town to make a scene, and after the organs and units were done, they would go to the courtyards of the people's houses or in front of the doors to make a scene.
The common people are also for the peace and security of the year, smooth and smooth, and also for the prosperity of the New Year and welcome their arrival. At that time, most of the people were simple and kind, enthusiastic and kind, and at that time people were prosperous purely for the sake of liveliness, and then there were some prayers for peace and peace, and the money was not so important, besides, the price was cheap at that time, and the people who were prosperous did not pay much attention to anything, to a prosperous family, at that time, it was to put a few two firecrackers, light a pack of firecrackers, build some branch tea, and give a cigarette, at that time, the countryside generally made do with more than two cents of cigarettes, to give a cigarette, that is, more than two dollars, some or to some of their own baked moon cakes, candy, etc., generally do not cost a few dollars。
At that time, people used to vividly say: a cigarette, a pack of whips (firecrackers at that time, a pack of firecrackers was a hundred and two cents), a few dollars can be prosperous for a long time.
This kind of prosperous Lantern Festival is generally made for several days every year.
There are also some prosperous teams from other villages who come to our ancient town to have a lively time. They either perform local Yangge, or are popular in the local stereotypical Yangge (Hanjiaqiao, Dongbaozhuang), or walk on stilts, Bayin will or something, in short, it is lively and prosperous.
This is the 20th century in the sixties and seventies of the Lantern Festival some miscellaneous things, to the 80s after the reform and opening up, the booming price code has gradually increased, from ten yuan, twenty yuan, fifty yuan, to one hundred yuan, and the successive supporting is not the same, cigarettes are hundreds of dollars a piece, cannons have become more than 20 sounds, firecrackers have also become 10,000 sounds.
Year after year, the years are not as good as smoke, at that time, some people were prosperous, and it was more difficult to pay a few dollars, and now it is prosperous, and people may not be able to pay one or two hundred yuan!
Although people now have more money (relatively speaking), it is followed by a rampant flow of materialism and a lack of human affection!
I don't know if it's not?