The deposit rate is 8%, and the middle class is brave in Ecuador

The following article comes from Salt Finance and Economics, written by Fisher

Author: Fisher

Source: Salt Finance

        （ID：nfc-yancaijing）

"Deposit special forces" has become another new phenomenon emerging on Chinese Internet social platforms.

In the face of the anxiety of currency depreciation caused by inflation, financial management began to lose principal, announcing that the glory era of high-yield, low-risk investment is gone.

 "4%", the highest deposit interest rate that can be found in the country at present, without a high initial deposit limit,

Become a part of the people who do not hesitate to travel and travel across provinces, but also grasp the small certainty in their hands.

Driven by the strong desire for asset preservation and appreciation, the "vanguards" in pursuit of financial hedging have begun to look overseas in search of high returns.

Ecuador, a Latin American country that is little known to the Chinese people, has thus broken into the eyes of the "transnational deposit special forces" with a bank deposit interest rate of as high as 8%.

In Ecuador, "eat interest and become the middle class"?

Domestically, the dominoes of banks lowering deposit rates have been stirred.

On June 8, 2023, the six major state-owned banks announced a reduction in deposit rates by between 5 and 15 basis points;

Subsequently, in mid-June, a number of joint-stock banks and city commercial banks followed suit and lowered deposit interest rates;

By September 1, a number of large state-owned banks and joint-stock banks simultaneously lowered the interest rates on deposits;

By the end of the year, the third deposit rate cut in 2023 will strike.

So far, in half a year, the deposit interest rate has dropped by 65 basis points, and the overall pattern is that "the longer the deposit term, the greater the interest rate reduction".

In contrast, the deposit interest rate of nearly 4% of some local banks is still at a high level, which is naturally attractive: taking 100,000 yuan as an example, the deposit interest rate of the four major banks is 2.25%, and the interest rate can be about 11,767 yuan, while the deposit in local banks can get about 21,665 yuan, a difference of 9,898 yuan, and if the total deposit is increased to 1 million, the total interest difference can be close to 100,000 yuan.

"The world is bustling, all for profit, and the world is bustling, all for profit. The difference is like this, and "saving a fixed amount of money as soon as there is still usury" has been put on the action agenda of many people, and the "deposit special forces" who are willing to take planes and trains, and also have to chase interest rates, came into being.

A sharing post on Xiaohongshu about off-site deposits

And the motivation is that there is no lack of hope to "eat interest and live a life".

In Douban's "Living with Interest" group, the lazy style that used to rely on passive income to live a prosperous life is rare, and it is replaced by occasional voices about the downward trend of A-shares and funds. Now, Ecuador has reinvigorated their hopes of making their dreams come true.

In 2000, Ecuador suffered from a national financial crisis and hyperinflation, after which it abandoned its national currency in favor of the United States dollar. In an effort to attract more investment, the country's banks and credit unions have raised deposit rates to a level higher than that of the international market.

Since the interest on deposits is a liability for the bank's treasury and must be compensated for through income such as lending and investment, the 8% interest rate on deposits in Ecuador is backed by a loan interest rate of up to 20%.

Under such a weight, it is obvious that the deposit business of Ecuador's banking industry presents a "tightrope" financial high-risk characteristic.

So, why do the "transnational deposit special forces" yearn for it?

It turned out that in order to attract savings, Ecuadorian banks made a commitment to ensure the safety of customers' funds as much as possible. By giving large deposits

($32,000 or more)

In the event that the bank fails to pay, the insurance company will pay the principal to the depositor. In general, "the probability of both a bank and an insurance company going bankrupt at the same time is very low".

A description of deposit insurance coverage on the official website of Banco Pacific, the state-owned bank of Ecuador

According to the pioneers who have settled in the country, high interest rates have snowballed their deposits over time. Some people don't even need to work anymore, and the upgraded version of "eating interest and becoming the middle class" is the epitome of comfortable local life.

All of a sudden, the high-yield, low-risk deposit business has also made Ecuador a financial highland that outperforms inflation in the eyes of some people, and has even been described as "although pie in the sky will not fall, Ecuador will".

It is difficult to make money across borders

We have to ask, is that really the case?

When the moving words on the leaflet land, there is often a gap beyond expectations between the plump ideal and the skinny reality. This is especially true for those who actually let idle large sums of money go to Ecuador to "stake their land".

Although the threshold for opening an account in Ecuadorian financial entities is low, the inconvenient operation process still makes it difficult to take the first step in remitting funds.

For example, JEP, Ecuador's largest and most reputable credit union, was first recognized by Chinese customers because it could have a two-year fixed deposit interest rate of up to 8.5%.

Ecuadorian Credit Union JEP Current Fixed Deposit Rate

However, because credit unions are unable to open international banking services, individuals cannot send money directly from overseas to their JEP account – they must first transfer money to a JEP account in the US branch of Ecuador's largest bank, Banco Pichincha, and then JEP will be transferred to the depositor's name. However, many domestic banks, such as China Merchants Bank, do not handle such "roundabout" remittance operations.

Founded in 1906, Banco Pichincha is the largest private bank in Ecuador

So can the situation be simplified by choosing an Ecuadorian bank?

Unfortunately, the simple operation of making a deposit is also destined to be full of twists and turns. For example, if the bank in the picture is included in the risk list of China's major state-owned banks, it is equivalent to directly declaring that it cannot transfer money.

Even if an Ecuadorian bank is found that can connect with China for international remittance business, it is usually necessary to remit in batches to achieve large-scale cross-border investment, which is limited by the risk control and protection policy of "the amount of personal overseas remittance cannot exceed US$50,000 per year".

There have been online cases showing that there are "cross-border deposit special forces" who have transferred a small amount of funds each time, and this has been operated continuously for 5 months before they reach the deposit amount to enjoy the high interest rate in Eritrea.

For those "special forces" who do not plan to emigrate, but only plan to optimize their investment allocation with "deposits", when the funds are withdrawn, they will have to go through a more lengthy wave of transfer procedures. Ecuadorian banks stipulate that cash transfers cannot exceed $10,000 at a time, and that they can only be exchanged at a maximum of $300 per person per day.

Time-consuming and labor-intensive, this is not the main problem, but the foreign currency transfer that occurs in the country's banks is subject to a commission of 7% and a tax of 4.5%, which means that the "investment cost" accounts for 11.5%. Even though the country's one-year bank deposit rate can climb as high as 9%, it is still not enough to make ends meet.

Central Bank of Ecuador

Not to mention, investors take the risk of "bamboo basket for nothing" - if they are accidentally confused by gimmicks such as "good account opening", "fast speed", "high interest rate" and "no check of the source of funds", and invest their funds in one of the hundreds of small credit cooperatives in Ecuador, the risk is so high that it is tantamount to buying a P2P product with a high probability of thunderstorm.

Many of these institutions have only junk ratings, some are not even qualified to participate in the ratings, and the vast majority are not part of Ecuador's "$32,000" deposit insurance system. The risk of not being able to withdraw money or even going out of business without payouts will hang over your head like a sword of Damocles.

In addition, under the lax regulatory system, it is also difficult to avoid the negative possibility of misappropriation and misappropriation of customer funds by intermediaries and bank employees.

Don't wait until the funds go around and around the world to find that netizens ridicule "you want his interest, he wants your principal", and all the persuasion is a lie.

As the old saying goes: "The gifts given by fate are secretly marked with a price." ”

Whether it's lying flat in heaven, or a gangster hot spot

Those who do not give up may also wonder if it is attractive for direct immigrants to rely on deposits to eat interest without the need to transfer funds in and out repeatedly, so there is no risk of being "cut leeks"?

Since the establishment of a comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Ecuador in 2016, Chinese citizens can travel to Ecuador without a visa, and the country has gradually been packaged as a "worry-free hometown" by migration agents.

Institutions advertise that only a one-time deposit of $46,000 in an Ecuadorian bank is required

(about 320,000 RMB)

, you can get a two-year investment visa, and after 21 months of living in the local area, you can get permanent residency – the equivalent of a single deposit for a high-interest and green card.

Other advantages listed for immigrants include low-cost freehold housing, free public education and public health care, which are described as "low-cost living, high-yield lying flat".

In Otavalo, Ecuador, a woman looks at a traditional market stall Source: Picture Worm Creative

But just as where the sun shines, it inevitably casts a shadow, and immigration to Ecuador has its unspoken side. Some immigration propaganda claims that as long as they deposit more than $135,000 in the local area, they can rely on an average monthly interest income of more than $900 to maintain the retirement life of the two people.

It is true that as a country rich in mineral and agricultural resources, Ecuador consumes local products such as food and energy at very good prices, but under its economic structure with oil as the pillar and agriculture as the main industry, industrial products are all imported—the high prices of daily necessities, such as $13 a bottle of rolling paper and $14 a bottle of shampoo, are not acceptable to Chinese people who are accustomed to the price of domestic industrial products.

What needs to be considered more is the false propaganda.

Regardless of the authenticity of the terms "hometown of longevity" and "holy place of retirement", the mere words "one of the best in Latin America" and "stable socio-economic foundation" should be considered twice whether they are true.

In fact, by 2024, Ecuador is already in the midst of civil unrest in the country caused by gang riots.

On January 8, President Noboa declared a 60-day state of emergency and imposed a curfew in the face of riots in six prisons and the escape of gang leader Macias.

厄瓜多尔"头号通缉犯"、犯罪集团"Los Choneros"头目何塞·阿道夫·马西亚斯(Jose Adolfo Macias)

The next day, a series of violent attacks occurred in the southwestern province of Guayas, killing at least 10 people. Noboa again signed an executive order declaring a state of "internal armed conflict" in Ecuador. By the 10th, the situation escalated again, and the country officially declared a "state of war".

Jiang Shixue, a distinguished professor at Shanghai University and director of the Center for Latin American Studies, pointed out that the recent vicious incidents in Ecuador cannot avoid key words such as gangsters, public security, and drugs.

According to public information, Ecuador is located between Peru and Colombia, a major cocaine producer, and has become a geographical hub for drug traffickers to export drugs to European and American countries. Therefore, the deep social security problems reflected by this unrest are a chronic disease that has not been cured in the country for a long time.

What's more, Ecuador's underworld organizations are so powerful that they even control the country's economic lifeline and dare to override the government.

In 2019, Ecuador withdrew from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) in an effort to reduce its dependence on oil and diversify its economy

（OPEC）

and eliminated domestic oil subsidies. The gangsters who illegally control the oil resources in the country have been touched by the cake of profits, and have gone so far as to blockade the capital Quito and cut off the food supply to the presidential palace. As a result, Ecuador is the only country in human history that has been forced to move its capital because the government has offended the gangs.

In October 2019, the Ecuadorian government temporarily moved from Quito to Guayaquil, Ecuador's largest city. Pictured is Parque Seminario, Guayaquil Photo: unsplash

The political situation is unstable and the society is in turmoil, and the economic situation is naturally worrisome. By the end of 2023, Ecuador is expected to run a fiscal deficit of more than $5 billion, equivalent to 5% of its gross domestic product, according to official data.

As the old saying goes: "Under the nest, there are no eggs." "As for people's livelihood, it is natural to imagine.

If Ecuador's 8 percent deposit rate is a glimpse of a partial point that triggers illusions, then the whole picture of the country's political and economic life is enough to show that it is not a good idea to hope for nothing through opportunism.

Investment immigration is a big matter, and decision-making must be cautious.

(This article does not constitute investment advice)

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174, 86, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .6);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLUE: rgba(16, 174, 255, .1);--weui-TAG-TEXT-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-TAG-BACKGROUND-BLACK: rgba(255, 255, 255, .05)}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root,body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body{--appmsgExtra-BG: #F7F7F7}}@media screen and (min-width:1024px){body:not(.pages_skin_pc) .wx-root[data-weui-theme=dark],body:not(.pages_skin_pc) body[data-weui-theme=dark]{--weui-BG-0: #111;--weui-BG-1: #1e1e1e;--weui-BG-2: #191919;--weui-BG-3: #202020;--weui-BG-4: #404040;--weui-BG-5: #2c2c2c;--weui-FG-0: rgba(255, 255, 255, .. 8);--weui-FG-HALF: rgba(255, 255, 255, .6);--weui-FG-1: rgba(255, 255, 255, .5);--weui-FG-2: rgba(255, 255, 255, .3);--weui-FG-3: rgba(255, 255, 255, .1);--weui-FG-4: rgba(255, 255, 255, .15);--weui-FG-5: rgba(255, 255, .1);--weui-RED: #fa5151;--weui-ORANGERED: #ff6146;--weui-ORANGE: #c87d2f;--weui-YELLOW: #cc9c00;--weui-GREEN: #74a800;--weui-LIGHTGREEN: 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