Abstract: Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan were engaged to The Beijing Division, reunited in Lingnan, and met in Suzhou, during which there were many meetings of literature and wine, poetry and obedience, and formed a deep friendship. Zhu and Wang Ershi have similar births and similar births, both experienced official frustration and the pain of being lost, and had the cultural pursuit of loving books and golden stone calligraphy and painting, and loving the scenery and water of The Beijing Division. These factors formed the basis for zhu and Wang's friendship.
Keywords: Zhu Yizun, Wang Xuan, friendship, cultural pursuit
I. Introduction
Zhu Yizun (西鬯, Bamboo 垞. 1629-1709) was a literary and academic figure in the early Qing Dynasty, who, on his own, connected different groups of literati such as Jingshi, Jiahang Lake Su, and Lingnan, and had a far-reaching influence on the academic history and regional cultural history of the early Qing Dynasty. The Baodi poet Wang Xuan is one of those who have a good friendship with the Zhu clan and can never be unswerving.
There is no special in-depth study of zhu yizun and Wang Xuan's friendship. At present, zhang Zongyou's "Zhu Yizun Chronology"[1]360, Gao Shuwei's "Wang Nancun Fengmutu Cao Yin"[2]296-325, Fang Xiaowei's "Cao Yin and Wang Yin"[3]42, Fan Zhibin's "Wang Nancun Kao- On Nancun's Interaction with Cao Yin and Li Xu"[4]141, Hu Yu's "New Series of Bamboo Poems 43 Notes"[5]18 and other works and articles have been briefly discussed. The Humble Compilation of the Annals of Wang Nancun has several discussions[6]82, 219, 256, 266, 365, and the Humble Compilation of the Wang NanCun Jiaoyou Examination (to be Zi) has a "Zhu Yizun" article, which examines Zhu and Wang Jiaoyou, and only lists the literature, and does not have time to make an in-depth examination.
Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan's friendship tour has not yet been deeply studied by scholars, and there are about three reasons. First, Zhu and Wang have different positions in the poetry world. Zhu Yizun was 21 years old, the elder wang, and was a senior, famous all over the world, and had a high status in the poetry world. Although Wang Xuan was rich in poetic talent and was widely praised at that time, with the title of "Xianlang of Hua Province", in the poetry circle of the early Qing Dynasty, who was a master of the clouds, he could not be among the first-class poets, and it was reasonable and inevitable that researchers would ignore it. Second, Wang Xuan's poetry collection was not widely circulated. During the Qianlong Period, Wang Xuan's poetry collection was included in the list of forbidden books by the Sikuguan, so it was not widely circulated, and its people were therefore little known. Third, as far as Zhu Yizun and Wang Yizun are concerned, Zhu Yizun's poetry mentions that Wang Yizun is only "three poems and one text" (detailed later), and in the view of researchers, Wang Xuan cannot be regarded as a figure with whom he has close contacts.
In 2011, the Compilation of Collected Poems of the Qing Dynasty was published by the Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House, and its 181st volume contains 13 kinds of Wang Xuan's poetry collections, namely "Shaozuo Occasional Existence", "Yixuelou Poems", "Shu Collection", "Ji Mengshu Lamentation Poems", "Writing Sorrows Collection", "Banana Deer Yin", "Hou Writing Worry Collection", "Lu Zhong yin", "Bing Shang Cao", "Qiu Shan Yin", "Xiang Heng Youcao", "Xiangxiang Collection", and "Huan Geng Collection", all of which are manuscripts. The "Collection of Poems of Yixuelou" published by Wang Xuan during his lifetime only contained most of the "Poetry Collection of Yixuelou" and some of the poems of "ShuShi collection". The discovery and publication of the manuscript made Wang Xuan, a famous poet who was almost forgotten by history, like a jewel unearthed, reappear in the shining light. Now, based on the "Compilation of Poetry Collections of the Qing Dynasty", the engraved edition of "Yixuelou Poetry Collection", and from the "Panshan Zhi", "Huizhou FuZhi", "Luofu Mountain Zhi", "Huizhou West Lake Zhi", "Qin Chu's Travels on the Occasion" and other ancient books, Wang Xuan's scattered poems have been compiled, and the collection of Wang Xuan's poems and texts "Wang Nancun Collection" has been compiled and completed, which was published by Tianjin Ancient Books Publishing House in January 2015, and since then Wang Xuan's poetry has been widely known to the academic community.
In the poem, Wang Xuan recorded several exchanges with Zhu Yizun, from which we can see the depth of their friendship. Exploring the beginning and end of the two people's friendship is not only helpful for understanding the life experience of the two people, but also provides a vivid case for understanding the ecology of the literati in the early Qing Dynasty.
2. Wang Xuan and his people
Wang Xuan (1651-1726), ziqian, ziyi, panlu, nan district, nancun, Shuntianfu Baodi County (now Baodi District, Tianjin). Wang Xuan was a famous poet in the early Qing Dynasty, known as the prodigy of poetry in the past three hundred years,[7]3 heavyweights in tianjin's cultural history.
The ancestors of the Wang family moved north from Wuyi Lane, Shangyuan County, Jiangning Province, Jiangnan in the early Ming Dynasty, occupying QingkouZhuang (now Beiqinggou Village, Baodi District, Tianjin), and have multiplied since then. According to the "Baodi County Chronicle", Wang Xuan's grandfather Wang Pu was a ming wanli (1609) governor of Lucheng and Gaoyuan counties, and went to Quzhou, Zhejiang. In the ninth year of Ming Chongzhen (1636), the Manchurian soldiers captured Baodi City, and Wang Pu assisted Zhao Guoding in Zhixian to defend the city, except for Wang Zhen's father Wang Dinglu, who escaped by chance, and more than twenty people of the Wang clan were martyred. [8] Vol. 17
In the nineteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1680), Wang Xuan was awarded the Guanglu Temple as a gongsheng, and because he was appreciated by the Kangxi Emperor, he was promoted to the rank of Langzhong (郎中) in the Punishment Department. In the 28th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1689), he served as the prefect of Huizhou, Guangdong. In Lingnan, Wang Yan formed a deep friendship with Qu Dajun, Liang Peilan, Chen Gongyin, Wang Falcon, Liao Yan, Gong Zhang and other famous poets. Wang Also cooperated with Chen Tingce, the prefect of Shaozhou, to fund the engraving of Zhang Jiuling's Qujiang Collection and Yu Jing's Wuxi Collection, which made great contributions to the inheritance of Lingnan culture and was known as "Huiyang Xiantaishou". In the thirty-fifth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1696), he moved to Chuannan Province, but did not go to office because of Ding's worries; later, he was appointed to Wen Chu Dao, and resigned after ten days of his appointment. Since then, he has quit his career, bought a boat to travel south, and drifted in Jiangnan for more than 20 years. Yongzheng returned to Li in the second year (1724) and died four years later (1726) at the age of 76. The "Baodi County Chronicle" records the life of Wang Xuanyun:
Wang Xuan, Zi Qian, Grandson of Pu, Ding Lu Zi Ye. Xi Bo Zong, negative spirits, since he was a child, he has the ambition of Shangyou for thousands of years, disdainful of the thesis, he said: "In the search for several inks, there is immortal karma? "It is a great effort to use poetry and ancient words. Gong Zhi Guanglu Temple, Jin Punishment Department Lang. Every time he retreated from food, he was associated with Zhu Zhuyuan, Jiang Ximing, and Zhao Qiugu, and the wine was still connected, and the style was elegant, and for a time there was the name of "Xianlang of Hua Province". And out of Huizhou, the government is simple and the punishment is clear, the customs and customs are collected, and the grass, trees, mountains and rivers are all for dyeing. And with his hometown names Qu Weng Shan, Liang Yaoting, Chen Yuanxiao travel, poetry Yijin. The "Collection of Reminiscences of the Snow Building" that is transmitted in this world is also. Observe Yongning and return with sorrow. After a long time, make up for the deputy envoy. Nai Xi Shi Shi Let Zhu Kundi drift south. It is a matter of duty, and it is clean and self-righteous, just as it is when it is time to keep the favor. Gu Is graceful and elegant, and does not want to be bound for a long time, he said: "I will travel far and wide to please myself." "Naidu Jian, Yuanxiang, Xunyu Cave, Hanging Sutai, expatriates live in Baixia, Yang Envy, Huaiyin, and the sages of their land, spending the moon and the night." Whenever the wine sails, the song is pressed, the beard is praised, and the new music house is sung, and the hope is suspected to be a god among the gods. In his later years, he was persuaded to return, saying: "My family's old name is the King of the South, but the south can also be the north." "Than also, pawn." He is the author of more than ten collections of "Shaozuo Occasional Existence", "Tian Pan Ji You", "Shu Clothing", "Luzhong (Yin)", "Qiangshang (Grass)", "Qiu shan (Yin)", "Ling Heng You (Grass)", "Hexiang", "Writing Worries" and "Huan Geng", but "Yixuelou Collection" has been published for a long time and is the most popular in the world.
Praise: Ancient called the lamentant singer, Yan Zhao's wind also, will not be insufficient to neutralize the person? Reading the episodes of "Reminiscence of the Snow Building", in the midst of depression and frustration, how gentle and windy! Trace his diligent study of the ancients, almost close to the world's wise and heroic, take the essence and use the macro, how can you still limit the earth? Qu Zhidong made a move, and Shen Kaimeng and Mi Zi came to shangyi. [8] Volume 12
According to the Records of Baodi County, Zhu Yizun was listed as the first person wang Xuan made friends with the princes when he was an official in Beijing, or he was suspected of attaching himself to a high name. In order to confirm that the two did have a relationship, the Baodi County Chronicle and Yiwen Zhi also includes Zhu Yizun's "Preface to Wang Zi's Poetry Collection" (i.e., "Preface to the Poetry Collection of Yi Xuelou") and "Jiao shan Tuo Ming Tu (for Wang's deputy envoy)", and Wang Xuan's poem "Sending Zhu Zhuyan to Edit and Repair Xiushui"[8] vol. 18. However, these poems were not written when the two were in the capital together, so they cannot be used as evidence of their close relationship in the capital. According to Wang Xuan's own account, during his stay in Beijing from the sixteenth year of The Kangxi Dynasty (1677) to the twenty-eighth year (1689), the closest and most intimate contacts were Cao Yin, Cao Lu, Zhao Zhixin, Li Shuo, Gu Xiao xie, and his fellow villagers and friends Liu Dianheng and Yang Yong, while those who had more close contacts were his teacher Wang Zehong, his friends Liang Mu, Liang Yong, and Liu Tingjie. During this period, Wang Xuan was probably more admired and revered for Zhu Yizun, and even if there was a matter of "staying with wine and promoting elegance", he did not dare to regard himself as a "friend", to be a teacher, or to be the truth.
3. Zhu and Wang crossed the examination
Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan were engaged to the Beijing Division and then in Lingnan, and the opportunity and place of their initial intersection can no longer be determined.
(1) Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan were engaged to the Beijing Division
In the fifteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1676), Wang Zehong was appointed as the viceroy of Shuntianfu,[9] and in 4075 Wang Xuan was appreciated and promoted and admitted as a gongsheng. According to Wang Xuan's "Mr. Huang Gang, the Prince of Bang Dazong", he noted: "The public inspector learned Shun tian, and Yu was a sentient being, and he was specially rewarded with the tongtong. [7] 247 Has since become a frequent visitor to Wang Zehong's mansion. On the fifteenth day of the first month of the eighteenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1679), Wang Xuan and his friend Liu Tingjie drank in Wang Zehongdi, "drinking all night", "the master was drunk and could not be a customer"[7]6. In the nineteenth year of Kangxi (1680), Wang Xuan was 30 years old, and officially entered the career path, successively serving as the chief of the Guanglu Temple, the chief of the Qing Bureau of the Ministry of Works, the Yuanwailang, and the Guizhou Shilang of the Punishment Department, and between the twenty-third year of Kangxi (1684) and the twenty-seventh year (1688), he also engaged in the compilation of the "Great Qing Huidian". Until the 28th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1689), when he became the prefect of Huizhou, Wang Xuan lived in Beijing.
According to Zhang Zongyou's "Annals of Zhu Yizun", Zhu Yizun was recommended to be erudite and went to Beijing in the autumn of the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1678), and on the first day of March of the following year, he summoned the Taihe Temple, took the middle class as the first class, and in addition to the Hanlin review, he served as a revision official in the "History of Ming". In February of the twentieth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1681), he became a lecturer and knew that he was living in Beijing (except for kangxi in the twentieth year (1681) at the end of June, he was appointed as the deputy examiner of the Jiangnan Township Examination, leaving Beijing for half a year). In the first month of the twenty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1689), Wang Xuan left Beijing to take up his post in Huizhou. Therefore, in the ten years from the eighteenth to the twenty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, both of them had the opportunity to communicate. The first engagement between the two was most likely the 20th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1681), when Zhu Yizun was a resident official and often served in the palace; Wang Xuanguan Guanglu Temple, responsible for various banqueting activities in the court.
According to Wang Xuan's own account, the poems he composed during his time in Beijing were compiled as "Donghua Dust Dreams", which recorded the "experiences, chronicles, and lyrics" of this period, and then took the manuscript to Huizhou, where he was borrowed by his subordinates and unfortunately lost. There may be accurate records of Wang Xuan's interactions with Zhu Yizun and his singing.
(2) Zhu Yizun sent Wang Xuan away from Beijing to take up his post in Huizhou
Wang Xuan's two poems", "Sending Zhu Zhuyuan to Edit and Repair Xiushui", and only one of them is recorded in the Eighteenth Volume of the Baodi County Chronicle, "Yiwenxia", which was composed for the Kangxi Thirty-second Year (1693) farewell to Zhu Yizun and his son Zhu Kuntian in Guangzhou.
One
Four years of Green Gate farewell, south to comfort The Dream. How to meet each other, that is, when sending off.
Spring tree poems are sung heavily, and flag pavilion wine is not held. The five lakes smoke month is good, and the final period of empathy is planned.
Second
A generation of talents and heroes, a thousand things can be known. Looking at the south of Judas, the north of the mountain moved.
Self-authored the theory of the diver, the word of the young woman is passed on. Selfish hearts are pampered, dumped and Jia'er. (Note to himself: When the beginning met with Changjun Wen'an. ）[7]82
From the poem "Four Years of Qingmen Farewell, South to Comfort Dreams", it can be seen that when Wang Xuan Kangxi left Beijing in the twenty-eighth year (1689), Zhu Yizun once bid farewell. Judging from the sentence "Chunshu poetry is heavy, and the flag pavilion wine is not held", the two did have a lot of poetry and wine in Beijing. It is contained in the "Baodi County Chronicle", and it is not unfounded.
(3) Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuanzhong met in Lingnan
In the thirty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1692), Zhu Yizun had a trip to Lingnan and arrived in Guangzhou in December. In the first month of the following year (1693), he met with the famous poets Qu Dajun, Liang Peilan, Wang Falcon, Ji Huang, Liang Wuji, etc., visited famous places, feasted on poems, and was actually a grand event in the Lingnan literary circle. Wang Xuan, who was the prefect of Huizhou at the time, and Chen Gongyin, who was serving as the western seat at Wang Xuan's mansion, learned of the information and rushed to Guangzhou to meet and bid farewell to Zhu Yizun. Chen Gongyin arrived first, while Wang Xuan arrived in Guangzhou three days after his official duties. Old friends are happy to be reunited in a different place, and then they are about to be separated, which is doubly sad. Chen Gongyin has "Farewell to Zhu Zhuyuan Thirty-six Years of The February Reunion in Guangzhou on the Third Day of Don't Send a Poem":
On the third day, passenger ships were stationed on the riverside, and the feast was left under the Bodhi altar. How thirty-six years are divided, and one day is divided into twelve years. [10]222
Wang Xuan has two poems entitled "Send zhu zhuyuan to edit and repair Xiushui" (see above), and the clumsy "Annals of Wang Nancun" is tested as "Zhu Yizun stayed in Guangzhou for three days and left", which was caused by misreading Chen Gongyin's poems. [6] 110 On this Lingnan reunion, Wang Xuan brought the manuscript of the poetry collection "Yixuelou Poems" composed in Lingnan for four years, and asked Zhu Yizun to write a preface, Zhu Xinran wrote it, and the "Preface" Yun:
Baodi WangJun Xuan Zi Interpretation, Tang Poetry, Love of Landscape and Water, Taste the Mountain of Tianpan, Lin Palace Fan She, inscriptions are all over the place, Gu does not show people, all the words of the poet have not seen it, Duqing Prefecture Zhao Zanshan Qiugu called it. Akitani is less permissive to people, and its poetry, especially not lightly to the praise of people also. After all, the punishment department Lang knew the affairs of Huizhou Prefecture, and then read Zhu Mingquanyuan's victory, and pursued and Su Xueshi's poems. So Liang Jishi Yaoting, Qu Shi Weng Shan, and Chen Chu Shi YuanXiao exchanged praise and comments. The Three Gentlemen, the crown of Lingnan poets, may differ in their views, and the poetry of Meijun is no different, then the work of Junshi is credible. Jun Xieyu 's Yixuelou Poems" in one volume, from the Six Dynasties of Han and Wei, the beginning of the Tang Dynasty, the middle and late, and the lower and Song Yuan Ming system, are incompatible. The poet who is called a poet in the yu wei world, Xi Hu Tang, means that the books after Tang do not have to be read; Xi Hu Song is said to be a Tang person who is not enough teacher. If you concentrate on the rules, you will have a shallow temperament. But the good poet who speaks freely what I want, and the work of my words, there is no one who is not like the ancients, but does not stop for it, and there must be a manifestation of the ancients' will. And the husband of the poet is also, and the fate of the word is also the politician. The gentleman is in the micro of vegetables and fruits, and does not forget his relatives; the travel of the mountains and rivers, but the widow is compassionate; and he is devoted to his friends, and the residents think of their coming, and those who come cannot stay, the sense of nostalgia, overflowing with words, their affection is also sincere, and the gentle and generous teachings are born. It is advisable to understand the government and the government, to give to the people and the people to enjoy, and to be humbled. The words of the jun belong to Yu are the order, and the words of Yu are no different from the words of the three gentlemen of Qiugu and Lingwai, and the reason why the original Junshi works is that there are only believers in Yu.
Xiushui Zhu Yi Zun Order.
Between the lines, it reflects the appreciation of Wang Xuan's poetry, and also reflects the deep friendship between the two. This preface affirms the good qualities of Wang Xuan's filial piety, compassionate people, and shangyou, and conforms to the standards of a Confucian gentleman, so his poems are in line with the purpose of Confucian poetry. Zhu Yizun expressed his poetic theory in this paragraph, believing that poetry should pursue temperament and conform to the gentle and generous poetic teachings of Confucianism, rather than having to focus on the Tang and Song dynasties, paying attention to form and forgetting content. Zhu Yizun called himself "the reason why the original Junshi works", that is, to discuss why his poems work, is to fundamentally discuss Wang poetry, so he has a high knowledge and accurate evaluation. It can be seen that Zhu Zhi is familiar with Wang Poetry and Wang Poetry, and he also knows Wang Xuan very well. This also proves that the two are by no means general friends in Beijing.
(4) Zhu Yizun wrote an inscription poem for the "Wind and Wood Diagram" held by Wang Xuan
In April of the thirty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1697), Wang Dinglu, the father of Wang Xuan, died. In the month of La, the painter Yu Zhiding (1647-1716) painted "Wind and Wood Diagram" for Wang Xuan. Jiang Chenying wrote the beginning of the volume, and after the picture, there are Song Xi, Zhao Zhixin, Wang Xia, Tang Youzeng, Zha Sheng, Jiang Chenying, Shi Shenyi, Wang Danlin, Wu Hui, Yang Zhongner, Qian Mingshi, Zhang Yuan, Mao Qiling, Chen Shi'an, Huang Youjian, Zhu Yizun, You Dong, Cao Yin, Wang Zehong, Liu Hao, Liu Yan, Zha Siyao, Wang Yuan, Yang Yingchang, Wu Yi and others who have inscribed poems for them, and there are 25 of them. Except for Yang Yingchang and Wu Yi, who were from the Qianlong period, the rest of the princes were all famous scholars at that time.
Zhu Yizun inscribed two poems for it:
Hongxu wrote about the cold wood, and the sound of the wind moved among the trees. AbsoluteLy Xiao Chuannan Wang's deputy envoy, Mai is like snow to see the stars.
Remember Wu Xiang Tang Liuru, who once put a ruler paper to look like a gao fish. The new picture is self-explanatory, and the bottom of the tree is full of tears.
The poem is signed "Xiushui Brother Zhu Yizun". "Brother" is a modest name, which shows the friendship between the two people.
In the early summer of the 39th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1700), at the West Lake of Hangzhou, Wang Xuan and Chai Shitang were engaged, "when Zhu Zhuyuan, Qiu Cangzhu, Mao Dake, and Mao Huihou ju were present" [7]356. Zhu Yizun's inscription poem for "Wind and Wood Diagram" should be around this time. In the winter of the fifty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Ding You (1717), Wang Xuan had "Farewell to Chai Xu Mountain", recalling this exchange, there was a sentence of "Xizi Lake Pavilion a few su heart, twenty years of old rain scattered", lamenting that Mr. Zhu, Qiu, Mao, and Mao Si have all been "materialized", while himself and Chai Shitang are still called Healthy, and they are not as good as the past and the present.
(5) Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan attended the Feast of the Six Floating Pavilions
In the spring of the 40th year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1701), Wang Xuan went to Suzhou, and together with Zhu Yizun, Huang Andjian, and Xu Zheng, he was equal to the Feast of the Six Floating Pavilions. [7] In 197, Wang Xuan wrote poems about his affairs, including sentences such as "Travelers quit and the word Bo lai came to seek alliances", "Jiahui is not easy to meet, the situation is in the spring mountain qing", "the group of princes is famous, And Yi Yu is called a wine soldier", which expresses a pleasant mood.
(6) Zhu Yizun wrote an inscription poem for Wang Xuan's "Jiaolu MingTu"
In the spring of the forty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1702), Wang Xuan and the famous painter Shi Tao traveled with the famous painter Shi Tao to search for "Fistula Crane Ming". They hired migrant workers to search for sediment in the river and got 29 characters. The original plan was to "shovel the root of the cloud, expose the whole thing, and let it go to see the big picture", and "fear that the masonry was rude and cause damage" and stopped the search. In order to commemorate this sensational Shilin event, Shi Tao painted the "Jiaolu Inscription Map", which depicted the scene of Wang Xuan's search for inscriptions. Wang Shichen, Cao Yin, Bordu, Zhou Qiwei, Shi Shenyi, Liang Peilan, Chen Dazhang and many other famous poets inscribed poems, Zhu Yizun has "Jiaoshan Mingtu for Wang Vice Envoy":
Huayang Zhenyi Xi Xi Crane, the well cave is in Jiaoshan Root. The inscription is not provincial to who made it, and there are dry branches in the year. Examining the non-Tang Houle, in the past years, he had a discussion with Zhang Biao. Zishan is not associated with Fuyu Wu, and its remote left is sparsely climbed. The whirlpool turns turbulently, and the sun and the moon are turbulent. The peaks and passes are home to the sea, and the waves are filled with porpoises. The inscription is not less than the sun, who decides to open the gate of heaven. The zhangren guarded the spirit of the wei, and the true official demoted Zhao Zun. If it is not protected by gods and men, the ruins can be safe. King Lutai believed in good deeds and bowed down to his calf pants. The moss was so deep that it went deeper, first before the toes and then the buttocks. There is no loss in the hand, and the price of a piece of paper has become Yao Kun. The Xijiang Daoist priest wrote for the biography, and his clothes were still marked with cold tides. Unfortunately, the horse went north, and the mountain tour failed to reach Li and Wen. He Nian Jinshi searched together, and the source of doubts was analyzed. [11]262-263
In the poem, the sentences "The moss is even deeper" and "the clothes are still with cold tide marks" depict the scene of Wang Xuan's search for inscriptions and Shi Tao painting next to him very vividly.
(7) Zhu Yizun and Wang Xuan participated in the Shizi Lin Yaji
In the mid-spring of the forty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1702), Wang Xuan and Zhu Yizun, Pan Qian, Gu Sili, Zhang Shijun, Zhang Dashou, Wen Dian, Shi Yuanzuo, Gao Buqian, Jin Kan, Lu Shuo, Zhou Danling, Zhang Shiqi, Xu Angfa, Zhou Jing, and Zhu Yizun from Zhu Futian, a total of sixteen people Yaji Shi Lin (also known as Lion Forest). It can be described as a poetry event. Wang Xuan chanted the first sentence with "Gou Wu's Gate, Yue Feng Yue Lou". After the joint sentence, it was included in Zhu Yizun's "Complete Collection of Exposed Books and Collected Poems" volume V.
(8) In his later years, Wang Xuan lived in Suzhou, or often became acquainted with Zhu Yizun
In the forty-fourth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1705), Wang Xuan and Zhao Zhixin were in Suzhou, and li Xufu was weaving in Suzhou. Zhao Zhixin has a poem "Gifting Zhu Zhuyuan":
Lost joy Jun ju jian, bright lights whisper night. Zen withers for a long time, and it is difficult to deal with the heat.
The poem is invincible, and the heavens are old and unsettled. Cai Xian was full of people on the river, haggard and looked at this. [12]979
I know that Zhu Yizun's body is still very healthy this year. According to Zhang Zongyou's "Zhu Yizun Chronicle", Zhu Shi lived in Suzhou for a long time this year. Zhao shi has gifted poems and knows that there are friends. Wang Shi has also been a subordinate, which can be inferred.
In the spring of the forty-eighth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1709), Wang Xuan went to Chashan to see mei, and there is a poem "Chashan sees mei over Zhang Shangshe Shuzhuang's visit to Zhu Zhuyuan's message is not worth leaving a wall":
The painting of Xishan is half mei, Song Liu Longshan. It is as thick as snow. Tang Luoye. Sorrow fell to gently fold, Song Yang Wanli. Don't be afraid of the cold. Song monk Dao dive. Youdao Quchi is hidden by Tang Taoyong. Rainbow white cranes wander together. Tang Wei yingwu. Yangzhou He Xun no news, Yuan Li Caoge. Put a cup between the flowers. Tang Weiyi. [7]251
According to Zhang Zongyou's "Zhu Yizun Chronology", the Zhu family's home in the spring of this year began to go north in April, so the Wang family did not meet. But it can be seen that the friendship between the two people. On October 13 of this year, Zhu Yizun died at the age of 81.
4. Factors Affecting Zhu and Wang's Travels
Generally speaking, friendship is mainly manifested as a friendly relationship of mutual trust, respect, care, understanding, tolerance, support, and help formed by the same interests, similar personalities, and similarities, which are characterized by "confidant" and "confidant", and the difference in age, the amount of wealth, and the level of status can even be ignored. Mengziyun: "Don't threaten the long, don't threaten the noble, don't threaten the brothers but the friends." Friends also, friends and virtues, can not have coercion. (Mencius, Part II) This is also true. From the examination in the previous section, it can be seen that around the twentieth year of Kangxi (1681), Zhu and Wang were engaged, until the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709), the two maintained a deep friendship, and they were old and strong, which was a moral friendship. It is not an exaggeration to say that the two are close friends.
Combined with the investigation of Zhu and Wang's personal lives, experiences, thoughts, ambitions, etc., the two became friends who had forgotten their years, and their friendship was very strong, not for no reason.
(1) The background is quite similar
Zhu Yizun's high ancestor Zhu Ru, general medicine, many hidden virtues, poor and sick, lurking in the golden medicine Zhou Qi urgent. Ming Wan was appointed as an envoy to the Tai Hospital and was appointed as a doctor. [1] 13 Great-grandfather Zhu Guozuo Wan Li Wei (1583) Tingyi Yijia, the post-official to Hubu Shangshu, Wuyingdian University scholar, given the crown prince Taifu, Yuwen Ke. [1] 14 Zu Zhu Dajing entered Taixue and became the prefect of Chuxiong Province, Yunnan. [1] 14 Father Zhu Maoshu, Xiushui Shusheng, Shaoshan belongs to the literature, Gongxing Kaishu, can paint landscapes and bamboo stones, as Dong Qichang called; people are humble and elegant, dedicated to filial piety, take advances and retreats, and have a festival; Jia Shen Dingge, so he abandons his career, outside the history, he studies astronomy and medical books; we wear broken hats, we don't talk about the world, only with the old man in Lizhong, a game of chess, a few cups of mash, in order to spend the day. [1] 18 Zhu Yizun's biological mother, Tang Yiren, was the granddaughter of Libu Shangshu Tang Wenwen, the daughter of Tang Yungong of Shiping Zhizhou, and the granddaughter of Libu Shangshu Dong Qichang. [1] 19 Zhu Yizun, who was born into such a family, Confucianism is dissolved into the blood, and the depth of his feelings for the Zhu Ming Dynasty is beyond doubt. Once they encountered the drastic changes of the dynasty and became the slaves of the manchu qing dynasty, their nostalgia and nostalgia for the former Ming Dynasty and their resistance and resistance to the Manchu Dynasty were also inevitable.
Wang Xuan's distant ancestor, the Wang clan of Langya, moved to Wuyi Lane in Jiangning after the Southern Crossing of jin, which is the real Wang Xie's old home. His grandfather Wang Pu (王溥) was a member of the Wanli Jiyou (1609) dynasty, successively serving as a general judge in Lucheng, Gaoyuanzhi County, and Hengzhou, "following the sound of benefits", and in his later years, he built a temple of literature and donated land to build an embankment, "with virtue in the township". In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), the Manchurian soldiers attacked baodi city, Wang Pu assisted Yi to order Zhao Guoding to die, the city was destroyed, except for Wang Zhen's father Wang Dinglu who escaped by chance, and more than 20 men and women were martyred.[7]6 Wang Xuan not only had an unbreakable Han national complex, but also had a hatred with the Qing rulers that could not be forgotten for generations. Later, although he submitted to the Qing Dynasty, the officials went to the prefect and the Daotai, and still had very complicated feelings about the Qing Dynasty.
(2) None of the outstanding members are from the A department
After the Ding Revolution, Zhu Yizun also adopted a boycotting attitude toward the imperial examination, disdaining Shiwen and practicing true learning and learning. In the seventeenth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1678), when Zhu Yizun was 50 years old, he used cloth to raise Bohong, which is proof of this.
When Wang Xuan was a teenager, he was indignant that he had the ambition of Shangyou for thousands of years, and he was full of joy and arrogance, and he disdained Thesakuo, saying: "In the search for the number of inks, there is immortal karma? [7]1 Is it a great effort to use the ancient words of poetry?. Throughout his life, he left more than 1480 poems, becoming one of the most famous poets in tianjin in the Qing Dynasty.
Zhu Yizun entered Hanlin with cloth clothes and was given a review, and Wang Xuan used tribute to tire officials to Wen Chu Dao, but they were not advanced through lifting people and entering the ranks. At that time, the Eight Strands of Hanlin, who were born in Bohong, still had the ridicule of "Wild Hanlin"[13]1030, and Wang Xuan fell behind three times, and he was placed in the official arena, which was inevitably despised, so there were "four sorrows and three shadows peeping strange sentences, my generation lost but Jiake" [7] 198 sigh.
(3) All are frustrated in the official arena
Zhu Yizun entered Hanlin with Bo Hong, was given a review, and served as a commentator, and the road to his career should have been smooth, but he was jealous of his colleagues and was impeached as an official, known as "beauty and depreciation" [14]595, so he withdrew from the official field, and Youyoulin spent more than twenty years entertaining himself with writings until his death.
Wang Xuan entered the official field as a gongsheng, and had the "glory" of "several times the temple was a mongolian adviser, and the mountain tomb was three times to climb"[7]399, which was appreciated by the Kangxi Emperor, and was transferred to the official three times in nine years, and then went out to defend Huizhou, Shengchuan South Province, the career path should have been flat, because Ding Was worried and did not go to office; later he was appointed to Wen Chu Dao, and when he arrived at the post of wen, he was dismissed by the officials. From then on, he bought a boat to go south, "crossing the stream, YuanyuanXiang, Xunyu Cave, Hanging Sutai, living in Baixia, Yangxian, Huaiyin" for more than 20 years, until the second year of Yongzheng (1724) returned from Jinling to his hometown, and died two years later.
(4) The same pain of being lost
Zhu Kuntian, the son of Zhu Yizun, inherited his family's studies at an early age, gave poetry talent, literary style, and the reputation of "Little Zhu Ten", unfortunately died young. One of Zhu Yizun's "Two Songs of The Removal of the Sun" has a sentence cloud: "I am grateful for the suffering of the deceased children, and it is difficult to collect two lines of tears." In the dream, judicious province, the years are more desolate. [11] The sadness of the 242 mood is touching. In March of the forty-first year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1702), Zhu Kuntian's wife Shen Shi died, and Zhu Yizun presided over the marriage of his second grandson Zhu Daosun,[1] 476 And the difference in mood was beyond words to describe.
Wang Li'an, the son of Wang Xuan, is also a talented man who studied poetry under Chen Gongyin in Huizhou and had the "Hundred Spring Poems". According to Chen Gongyin's "Preface to the Poetry of Baichun", Wang Li'an's poetry of Poetry, which is both the length of Li Zhao and Du Fu, "is the victory and loss of the second duke, and the "Hundred Spring Poems" is described spontaneously, and there is no need to do anything, and the purpose of the outside is far away. His words are beautiful but not delicate, and his ingenuity does not hurt elegance", and Yun: "The nature is good at writing, the love of chanting, the king has a writing, the instructions of fate and harmony, all respond to the sound, self-pick up hundred spring questions, not ten days and take off the manuscript, so is his eagerness to learn." [10] 606 Unfortunately, in the winter of the thirty-seventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1698), Wang Li'an died at the Xuzhou Hostel at the age of 31, and his "Hundred Spring Poems" have not been passed down. The second part of Wang Xuan's "Narrative of Sorrow" has clouds: "The letter sent is new in ink marks, and the two words are safe and true." How could I not make a towel! "In the forty-sixth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1707), because the eldest grandson had a marriage contract with the daughter of the deceased of Lingnan, Wang Xuan originally planned to marry his grandson, but due to illness, he did not make the trip.
(5) Both are addicted to collecting books and jinshi calligraphy and paintings
Throughout his life, Zhu Yizun took the inheritance of Confucian culture as his vocation, indulged in the collection and collation of classics, borrowed books, copied books, compiled books, wrote books, and carved books, until the old Mi Du, the collection of books was extremely rich, and in his later years it reached 80,000 volumes, which was famous for a while. After his death, he left many bibliographies such as "Bibliography of Bamboo Yuanxingji", "Bibliography of the Exposure Pavilion Collection", "Bibliography of Quan Tang Poems", "Catalogue of Citations of Two HuaiYan Ce Books", "Catalogue of The Collection of Song and Yuanren of Qiancaitang", etc., which can be seen. Zhu Yizun also liked Jinshi calligraphy and painting, leaving a large number of inscriptions and poems, of which the Jinshi inscription was also compiled as "Jinshi Character Tail" alone.
Wang Xuan also has a penchant for collecting books. His father-in-law Cui Zhoutian was a famous bibliophile in Baodi, and the Baodi County Chronicle, volume 17, "Characters and Literature", reads: "Cui Zhoutian, the character Xi Ling, Shunzhi Zhongchong, does not enter the house." Sexual love of books, taste the first floor, gather ancient books and gold stone carved ten thousand volumes of hidden, all day long chanting in it. When Cui Zhoutian was dying, he wanted to entrust his collection of books to Wang Xuan, who "suspected his brother in the older brother, but he did it" ("After the death of his uncle, he inscribed the book Lou Zhigan" after the poem), [7]5. However, Wang Xuan's enthusiasm for books and golden stones has not diminished, and his poem "Exposure book" is cloudy: "Serving officials for thirty years, thousands of miles of relaxation." Boats and carts contain only this first floor book. [7] 316 In his poems, there are many antiques such as fish tanks, duanyan, long swords, and ancient mirrors, and pilgrims. He and Shi Tao jointly salvaged the "Crane Ming", which caused a sensation in Shilin, and Zhu Yizun had the sentence "He Nian Jinshi searched together, and doubted each other's origins", indicating that the two of them shared a lot of language in this regard.
(6) All love the scenery and water of the Beijing Division
According to Zhipu's "Panshan Zhixu", in the summer of the twenty-seventh year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1688), Wang Xuan and Zhipu discussed in depth the issue of writing the "Panshan Zhi", "saying that this move must be made", and together they "involved in strange adventures and archaeological examinations of the present", but unfortunately, because Wang Xuan left Huizhou the following year, he could not do it together. In the process of writing the "Panshan Chronicle", Zhu Yizun personally contributed to the revision. [15] Volume 1
The above list is enough to form the close, solid and lasting foundation of the friendship between the two people. Except for the two, their common love of poetry and wine, travel and travel is not to be discussed. For example, Zhu Yizun wrote the book "Old News Under the Sun", and Wang Xuan, as a citizen of the "Sun", will definitely beat the festival and praise.
5. Conclusion
As mentioned above, in Zhu Yizun's vast network of cultural exchanges, Wang Xuan is a unique figure. Zhu and Wang Ershi were engaged to the Beijing Division, reunited in Lingnan, and met in Suzhou, during which there were many literary and wine meetings and poetry. The fact that the Zhu and Wang clans were engaged and unswervingly related to the similarity of the Ershi's life and the similarity of the Shishi, and also related to the ershi's official frustration and the pain of being lost to their son, and even more related to the ershi's cultural pursuit of collecting books and jinshi calligraphy and painting, and loving the scenery and water of the Beijing division. In the respective life pictures of Zhu and Wang Ershi, the other party is an important person, and the above-mentioned cross-trip facts are clear evidence.
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About author:Song Jian (1963-), born in Baodi, Tianjin, is an employee of Tianjin Baodi Branch of China Post Company, a member of the China Dream Society of Red Chambers, and a member of the Standing Committee of the Tianjin Baodi District Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, whose research direction is early Qing Dynasty poetry and "Dream of the Red Chamber".