When it comes to Qing Dynasty lyricists, many people may first think of Naran Zhide, who is indeed the best among Qing Dynasty lyricists, but unfortunately he died young and left not many works. Today, I want to introduce you to another outstanding lyricist of the same period as Naran Zhide, called Zhu Yizun, Zhu Yizun is a knowledgeable person, he and Naran Zhide, Chen Weisong and called the three Qingzi masters, left more than 200 poems in his lifetime, many of which were highly praised by emperor Kangxi at that time, and his literary attainment was evident.
Zhu Yizun was born on October 7, 1629, and was a native of Xiushui, Zhejiang (present-day Jiaxing, Zhejiang). According to the "Draft History of the Qing Dynasty", Zhu Yizun was "born with a different attitude, and the books were not left behind", and he was a genius who never forgot his eyes since he was a child. His great-grandfather was Zhu Guozuo, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, and the Zhu family was originally a prominent family of officials and eunuchs in Mendi, but the generations of honesty and honesty, poverty and happiness made the family road fall, and even Zhu Yizun's generation was poor due to drought and locust plagues, and the family was so poor that there was no rice to cook. By the time Zhu Yizun was married at the age of 17, the family could not get a dowry, so he had to join the Feng family.
Speaking of Zhu Yizun, his reputation was very prominent and highly respected not only at that time, but also in later generations. His works also convey the thoughts of the homeland, and his words also inherit the style of Jiang Kui and Zhang Yan, empty and mellow, deep and desolate. At the same time, he also compiled a collection of words "Ci Zong" to derive his own aesthetic propositions, the founder of the "Zhejiang West Word School" is him, this word school led the way for a period of time, attracting many literati to follow, such as Li Yan in the Qianlong period, is the representative of this word school, Zhu Yizun is also known as "the greatest literati in the history of Zhejiang".
In addition to poetry, Zhu Yizun's achievements in other aspects are also very high, one is calligraphy, especially Lishu, he and Wang Shimin, Zheng Mo are known as the three masters of Lishu in the early Qing Dynasty, which shows that his calligraphy is also very exquisite. In addition, he was a learned man, who was once famous for his knowledge, and he was called a genius who "only produced one person in five hundred years" because of the perfect combination of "erudite" and "Gongwen", and at that time, some people also used "Wang Hobby, Zhu Greed" to express Zhu Yizun's "erudition". Relying on his own knowledge, Zhu Yizun served as a staff member to many high-ranking Officials of the Qing Dynasty, and he was a guest of people and traveled all over the world. Zhu Yizun also loved to collect books, and he collected more than 80,000 volumes of books in his lifetime, and he once said, "Whoever cultivates into the house will buy books." And the general books, those who borrow from the history museum have it", it is his spirit of buying books when he has money, and borrowing them when he can't buy them, which has created a great collector.
Because of his fame in the world, Zhu Yizun, who had never had the heart to be famous when he was young, was recommended to take the "Erudite Hongzi Branch" exam at the age of 51, which also meant that he officially entered his career. After entering the throne, Zhu Yizun was valued and favored by the Kangxi Emperor, and he successively entered the Hanlin Academy and participated in the compilation of the "History of Ming"; he was appointed as a living official, serving the emperor at all times as a close courtier, entrusting him to the south study on duty, and participating in handling state affairs; the emperor also allowed him to ride horses in the Forbidden City, and even his family often received delicacies rewarded by the emperor.
In the twenty-third year of the Kangxi Dynasty, Zhu Yizun, who had only been in the army for five years, in order to edit the "Ancient Records of Yingzhou Dao", took advantage of his position to privately copy the books of local tribute, and as a result, he was impeached and demoted to a higher level, and after experiencing the restoration of officials and the dismissal of officials, Zhu Yizun completely returned to his hometown at the age of 63 and lived a life of studying in the mountains.
In addition to Zhu Yizun's achievements in all aspects, the love between him and his wife and sister Feng Shouchang was also controversial. When Zhu Yizun entered the Feng family at the age of seventeen, Feng Shouchang was only 10 years old, and in the more than ten years before she married at the age of 24, Zhu Yizun, as a brother-in-law, often taught her to write and compose poetry, Feng Shouzun also admired Zhu Yizun's talent, and the relationship between the two also changed from relatives to men and women, but due to the worldly concept, the two always adhered to their duties and kept a distance, and when Feng Shouchang married and returned to his mother's house, the love between the two was more intense, unfortunately, Feng Shouchang died at the age of 33.
Zhu Yizun wrote many poems to commemorate the love between the two, among which the sentence "Sleeping together and listening to the autumn rain, and the small mounds lightly and coldly" in "Guidian Qiu Si Past" is regarded as a fine product and repeatedly evaluated by the world. Another poem about the two people knowing and loving each other, "Wind Huai Two Hundred Rhymes", was also included in Zhu Yizun's complete work "Exposure Pavilion Collection", friends advised him to delete it so as not to damage his reputation, he even said that "I would rather not eat two special dolphins, do not delete "Wind Huai Two Hundred Rhymes", saying that he would rather not enter the Temple of Confucius than delete "Wind Huai Two Hundred Rhymes". This loyalty and courage to love is admirable, but in the end this unethical feeling will not only not be accepted at the time, but may also be condemned by society now, and on the other hand, it has caused great harm to innocent wives.