Today, the National Data Administration is officially inaugurated!

◎ Editor|Digital Economy Pioneer

◎Source|CCTV News, Beijing News, etc

This morning, the National Data Administration was officially inaugurated.

The National Data Administration is responsible for coordinating and promoting the establishment of a data infrastructure system, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the promotion of digital China, digital economy, and digital society planning and construction, which is managed by the National Development and Reform Commission.

In March this year, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the "Party and State Institutional Reform Plan" and deployed the establishment of the State Data Bureau.

"Deepen cooperation in digital technology innovation, digital transformation, and digital city construction, and work together to promote the digital transformation of agriculture, manufacturing, and service industries, so that more countries can achieve industrial upgrading and release development momentum through the development of digital economy." Recently, during the third "Belt and Road" Forum for International Cooperation, Liu Liehong spoke out for the first time as the new director of the State Data Administration.

At present, Liu Liehong is the director of the State Data Administration, and Shen Zhulin is the deputy director of the National Data Administration. According to many parties of Shell Financial Reporter, the initial organizational structure of the National Data Bureau is divided into five groups according to the work of comprehensive, data elements, digital economy, infrastructure and public data, and there are dozens of personnel on the job, and the team will continue to expand with the official operation in the future. After the official listing of the National Data Bureau, it may be upgraded to a management department in related fields in the future.

A number of industry insiders believe that with the official unveiling of the State Data Bureau, the data basic system will continue to improve, and the level of data resource utilization will be improved. Data rights confirmation will also be conducive to the rapid development of industries such as AI large models.

The data element market will usher in a new era of institutional and environmental improvement

The newly established National Data Bureau is responsible for coordinating and promoting the construction of data infrastructure systems, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the promotion of digital China, digital economy, and digital society planning and construction, which is managed by the National Development and Reform Commission.

"The name of the Big Data Bureau shows that the National Data Bureau will not be too limited, and there are more possibilities for exploration." A number of industry insiders believe that with the arrival of the director and the official launch of the National Data Bureau, the construction of the data infrastructure system will be strengthened, and the data element market will enter the fast lane of development.

Wang Yong, deputy director of the Institute of Economics of Tsinghua University and dean of the Minsheng Economic Research Institute of Tsinghua University, believes that data elements are a new type of production factor in the digital age. In order to give play to the role of new production factors of data, it is very important to coordinate the data resources of the mainland and plan and deploy the use of data resources. This is also the reason why the State Data Bureau was specially established in the reform program of the Party and state institutions. The establishment of the State Data Bureau will play an important role in the overall overall planning for the mainland to drive high-quality economic development by playing the role of data elements.

With the inauguration of the National Data Administration, the data field will also have a new look. An industry insider who participated in the formulation of national data standards revealed to Beijing News Shell Finance that the National Data Bureau will stand from the national perspective in the process of establishment, taking into account the characteristics of data elements and the characteristics of data element transactions, the work of the State Data Bureau will also start from the formulation of standards, including a series of standards such as special standards and general standards.

Previously, 18 provinces and municipalities, including Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Guizhou, Fujian, Shandong, Zhejiang and Guangdong, have also established data management related institutions. Luo Weidong, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and president of Zhejiang City College, believes that the formation of a new functional department is certainly not an easy process, and now it is only the first step, at least to clarify that the state has a special agency to deal with data resource affairs.

Ding Botao, deputy director of the Information Research Institute of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, said that the National Data Bureau may solve two problems in the future, the first is to integrate data resources at the national level and promote the use and sharing of national data resources. As a national government department, the National Data Administration may not directly become a data provider, and in the future, the National Data Administration may set up an institution similar to the Shanghai Big Data Center to organize the data of various commissions and offices.

Ding Botao believes that another problem to be solved by the National Data Bureau is related to national rules and systems in the field of digitalization. Most of the fundamental issues of data, including the three rights of data, data assetization and cross-border circulation, involve state power, and local legislation cannot actually establish power. "The deeper the data development, the more we can find that many basic problems must be solved by the national departments, and the local government cannot solve them."

"Data elements are the foundation and key element of the development of the digital economy, and the establishment of the National Data Bureau, whether it is to strengthen the use of data elements or improve data security governance, is an important measure of the state." Data does not exist independently in most cases, it must be related to specific business fields, such as financial data, scientific research data, business data, etc., but if data silos are broken, data cross-domain interoperability is enhanced, and data interoperability capabilities are strengthened, effective governance mechanisms are needed, and the State Data Administration is expected to be able to improve the mainland's ability to promote data exchange, circulation and sharing, which is worth looking forward to. Li Xiaodong, founder of Fuxi Think Tank, researcher at the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and director of the Internet Governance Research Center of Tsinghua University, said.

It is expected to solve the problem of data right confirmation and promote the development of AI large model industry

At present, with the rapid rise of AI big models, the openness and confirmation of data resources for the development of the AI industry are becoming more and more important.

Huang Tiejun, president of Beijing KLCII Artificial Intelligence Research Institute and professor at the School of Computer Science of Peking University, said in an interview with the Beijing News shell financial reporter that the development of large models is not only a simple market competition issue, but also requires the government's planning and design. For example, how is the data used? At present, some data is scraped through the Internet to train the model; But this is only a small part of the data, there is still a large amount of data to mine, such as economic and social operation data, this is a very important function of the data bureau, equivalent to data confirmation, data is more complex than land, price transactions, how to measure, all need to be studied.

After the functions of the National Data Bureau are clarified, the State Data Bureau will not only carry out the construction of basic data, but also carry out overall planning on the basis of overall planning of data resources, and vertical management will ultimately promote the construction of digital China.

Among them, the establishment of relevant data exchanges has attracted much attention. The "20 National Data Articles" propose to establish a compliant and efficient data element circulation and trading system that combines both on-site and off-site to guide the common development of various types of data trading venues. Build standardized and efficient data trading venues, highlight the compliance supervision and basic service functions of national-level data trading venues, strengthen their public attributes and public interest positioning, and standardize regional data trading venues and industry-based data trading platforms established by various regions and departments.

According to the Digital China Development Report (2022) released by the Cyberspace Administration of China in April 2023, by the end of 2022, 48 data trading venues had been established across the country. But for now, data trading is still being explored. Some research institutions estimate that in 2022, the scale of the data element market will exceed 90 billion yuan, and the scale of the data trading market will be 12 billion yuan, of which the proportion of standardized on-exchange transactions is only 2%-3%, and the vast majority of data transactions occur over-the-counter.

The above-mentioned people said that the industry is very much looking forward to the establishment of the Beijing International Big Data Exchange, and all localities are relying on their own advantageous regional resources and local core enterprises to preemptively build data exchanges. From a regional economic point of view, Beijing should build a model room for data trading first-mover pilots, he said, and Beijing has acted early, with leading companies in the industry participating in the establishment of a number of standards and meeting with relevant technical personnel every week.

Although all localities are taking the lead in building a data transaction highland, there are still difficulties. An executive of a leading company involved in the establishment of the Beijing Big Data Exchange told the Beijing News shell financial reporter that the construction of the digital center is actually relatively difficult, at present, all parties are exploring data transactions, data as the fifth element, what are the characteristics, how to copy, how to trace, how to ensure that these data can generate value in the transaction process, while avoiding piracy and other problems will be considered in the construction, the exchange involves data leakage, data rights confirmation, data use and many other emerging things.

Beijing pointed out that it is necessary to promote the compliant and efficient circulation and use of data, empower the real economy, and accelerate the construction of a global digital economy benchmark city. Build a policy highland for data elements, take the lead in establishing a structural separation operation mechanism for data resource ownership, processing and use rights, and product management rights, and improve the rational distribution of data revenues. Better cultivate and develop the market for data elements, and comprehensively deepen the development and utilization of public data.

The above-mentioned industry insiders involved in the formulation of national data standards believe that policies must be taken first and opportunities seized. Data is not only some enterprises, but every enterprise has data, how to confirm data rights, how to process data to produce value, will be the next ten years of attention to all parties need to pay attention to the track, which involves national and even global competition.

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