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China and Vietnam, neighbors with a strip of water, should have lived in harmony and maintained friendly relations. However, in history, there was an unforgettable past between these two countries, that is, the Sino-Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war in the 80s of the last century. The war not only affected the relationship between the two countries, but also deeply enshrined in people's memories. It is puzzling why Vietnam, which once received strong support from China, turned its back on friendship after a while and openly provoked China.
Looking back at the international background at that time, China experienced a period of domestic turmoil, and its national strength was seriously damaged, far from its strong position today. Despite this, however, China still has a place on the international stage. Vietnam, with the aid of China and the Soviet Union, accumulated a large amount of weapons and materiel, and had an army that had been at war with great powers such as the United States and France, and this strength gave Vietnam an ambition to take the Indochina Peninsula into its own hands.
However, this ambition runs counter to China's interests. China is a major power in East Asia and will not tolerate Vietnam's easy threat to its position in the region. Therefore, in this paradoxical situation, Vietnam sees China as a formidable obstacle to the realization of its "Indochinese Federation" ambitions, and ultimately does not hesitate to provoke China in an attempt to achieve hegemony in the Indochina Peninsula at a time of internal turmoil in China.
In addition to geopolitical considerations, economic factors are also driving Vietnam to change its strategy. After a series of wars, Vietnam's domestic economy fell into serious difficulties. The speed of recovery on its own is clearly not enough to meet the expectations of the Vietnamese leadership. As a result, Vietnam's top brass began to look for opportunities to reach out to neighboring small countries to solve domestic economic problems. This approach may initially help Vietnam out of trouble, but soon their ambitions turned to China, and they were even interested in incorporating Chinese territory into its territory. This motivation has further strained Vietnam's relations with China towards confrontation.
At the same time, the international environment at that time was very favorable for Vietnam. Relations between China and the Soviet Union have broken down, Vietnam has just defeated the United States, morale is high, and it is known as the third most powerful country in the world. Not only did they capture a large number of American weapons, but they also received constant support from the Soviet Union, which gave them confidence in their confrontation with China. The Soviet Union also encouraged Vietnam to conflict with China behind its own interests. This series of factors led the Vietnamese top brass to misjudge the situation and believe that they had enough strength to go to war with China.
However, Vietnam ultimately underestimated China's determination and strength. After the outbreak of the Sino-Vietnamese War, although China had not experienced war for many years, it quickly broke through the Vietnamese defense line and entered Vietnam. The war ended in Vietnam's defeat, and the Chinese army took the opportunity to punish Vietnam, destroying some of the infrastructure it had received from China and taking away all the supplies it had aided, so that Vietnam could learn the lesson it deserved.
To sum up, the Sino-Vietnamese self-defense counterattack war is a historical past full of complex factors. Vietnam's behavior was influenced by multiple factors such as international politics, economic interests and the international environment, which eventually led to confrontation with China, but this conflict also reflected the power and interest game in international relations. Although decades have passed since this history, it still has a profound impact on Sino-Vietnamese relations, reminding us of the need to integrate various factors when understanding and resolving international disputes in order to maintain peace and stability.
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