Walking through the landscape and water of Tonglu Mountain, Dashing sprinkled in the poem met Fan Zhongyun.
Knowing Tonglu, I read Wu Jun's "Book with Zhu Yuansi" from the junior high school textbook, which began with the words: "The wind and smoke are pure, and the heavenly mountains are of common color." Floating from the stream, anything. From Fuyang to Tonglu for a hundred miles, strange mountains and rivers, the world is unique." A few words are enough to make me remember from my youth to the present.
Fuyang was there, Tonglu was there, and there was no concept before. I live under Kuang Lu, which means that I live under Lu Mountain. Tonglu, the name is good, paulownia wood, wide and large leaves, presumably The knotted Lu Yusi is another scene. Liang Zaiyan's "Ten Dao Zhi" says: "Tonglu County, Wu Huangwu divided the four years of rich spring, with a large chair tree on the side of Tongxi, a hanging strip, several acres of shade, looking like a lu in the distance, because it is called Tonglu" . Tonglu in the Northern Song Dynasty refers to the current Jiande City of Meicheng, not the current Tonglu County. The Wulong Mountain in the first sentence of Fan Zhongyan's Tonglu Ten Counties poem is the Wulong Mountain in Meicheng. There is also the origin of Tonglu, it is someone who collects medicine to tie the knot under the tung wood, people ask its surname, referring to the tung wood shows it, because the mountain name Tong jun, the county is known as Tong Lu. In my heart, I have always been curious and willing to think about Tonglu.
The reason for the curiosity is all because of the Fuchun River. Since ancient times, the Fuchun River, which has been regarded as "the best landscape in the world, and the ancient and modern Push Fuchun", is only a middle section of the Qiantang River, starting from Meicheng and ending in Xiaoshan Wenjiayan, only because it flows through Fuyang and Tonglu counties, graceful and luxurious, and monopolizes the limelight of Zhejiang landscapes, it is only a separate table by the world. The Fuchun River is not long, with a total length of more than 100 kilometers, the mountains on both sides of the river are continuous, the sandbars in the river are dotted, the water is clear, the reflection is like a bun, the autumn scenery sometimes flies kingfishers, and the sunset smokes nothing. Fuchun Jiangxi Lianyan, borrowing the convenience of the waterway, from Huangshan, Jingde town, into the Changjiang River, can go to Poyang Lake; to the water, through Xuancheng, into Wuhu, you can go to Anqing, Shanghai. With Huangshan Mountain as the connection point, the east can enter Zhejiang, and the west can pass through Gan. Fan Zhong flooded the Fuchun River, sang Tonglu, and had a mentality that Tao Yuan was bright and suitable for the countryside, and he did not take the disparagement of officials as unpleasant at all, and added a good feeling. For Fan Zhongyun, I can't help but have thoughts and want to mention the pen. Fan Weng, the first person in the world, said this, and when he was gagged, he didn't know how to continue. So it has not been possible to negotiate.
Last time, I had to go to Tonglu for a free time, and I personally felt the chicness of the Tonglu landscape. Especially on the inscription in the Fan Zhongyan Memorial Park, re-reading Fan Weng's Ten Praises Tonglu, I felt that I had found a topic of Fan Weng.
This Van Ong is very interesting. When Emperor Renzong of Chao was newly married, two new beauties were born in the palace, and they had to divorce their wives and establish other beauties, avoiding the ancestral system, not good at divorcing their wives, and being sullen and unhappy. But a royal family dispute, a dispute between the empress and the emperor's favored beauty, the emperor pulled a fight, the empress accidentally hit the emperor's body, committed a major crime (of course, it is also a good excuse), was taken by the emperor to find trouble, want to depose Empress Guo. During the court discussion, Fan Zhongyan opposed the abolition of the queen, and when the chancellor Lü Yijian had a gap with Empress Guo and supported the emperor's abolition, the emperor was very annoyed with Fan Zhongyan that day. Early the next morning, Fan Weng led a group of counselors and imperial historians to prepare to give advice to the emperor, but they did not even enter the palace gate, and they were ordered to be obeyed in the waiting room and dismissed from their posts. During the reign of Emperor Renzong, power was concentrated in the central government, but centralized power was not the same as imperial despotism, and various powers, including imperial power and xiang power, restrained each other, and no one could do whatever they wanted. The establishment of privy councillors, counselors in government affairs, and three envoys to decompose the power of the prime minister, and the system of the prime minister and the Taiwan advisory system in turn constituted a constraint on the imperial power, to put it bluntly, sometimes the emperor did not necessarily count; in particular, the power of the Taiwan counselor reached its peak in the Song Renzong Dynasty, which could guide public opinion, could hinder the emperor's appointment and dismissal of officials, and could change the emperor's edicts. However, Lü Yijian, the chancellor of Emperor Renzong's time, used the party to serve the emperor for personal gain, and Fan Zhongyan could not resist. Fan Zhongyan was demoted to a local official, and thus came to Tonglu.
In Fan Zhongyan's lifetime, only two sets of five-word sentences were written by Tonglu, namely "Ten Absolutes in the Tonglu Road" and "Ten Absolute In Tonglu County". Fan Zhongyan's writing of "Ten Absolutes in the Tonglu Road" can be described as one breath and full of excitement; and "Ten Absolute Perfections of Tonglu County" seems to have come out of nowhere, with extraordinary momentum. How much inner support does it take for a person who has been assigned by the court to be able to dash up?
Fan Zhongyan Memorial Hall
Fan Weng was forty-six years old when he was degraded. I am also now middle-aged, and I have experienced the Zen meaning of "how much life can be as desired as it is, and the world is only half satisfactory". However, it is not satisfactory, so it may be a good thing, or it should be a good thing, only in this way can we appreciate the true face of life.
I was deeply impressed by a passage by Mr. Wang Meng: "If you still have the state of the year, it is impossible, but the original intention has always been there, and I have walked so many roads for a better life."
Fan Weng wrote poems in Tonglu in the language of "Sprinkling", and this realm of sprinkling is really not something that ordinary people can do. In terms of self-consolation, there is not a hint of anger in the sprinkling. In terms of self-deprecation, there is only a sincere confession of the landscape and the countryside in the wine. Romain Rolland said: "There is only one kind of heroism in life, that is, after recognizing the truth of life, still love life." ”
Take a sentence from "Ten Absolute In the Tonglu Road" as an example: "The waves are clear and lovely, and the white birds fly in the middle." I don't believe there is Jingluo, and the wind and dust are dressed in guest clothes." Fan Weng used the middle sentence of the pre-Qin folk poet "The Song of the Widows" in the first sentence: "The water of the waves is clear, you can mao me", "the waves are clear and lovely", which seems to describe the clear and amiable water in the itinerary, but it is actually a lyrical scene, metaphorically metaphorical to the poet's own attitude towards the life of the calm wind and waves, the essence of the undercurrent and the danger of the officialdom. The second sentence , " White Bird Jian Zhongfei " closely follows the scene of the previous sentence, how cute this water of the waves is. The river surface is as clear as a mirror, the light can be discerned, the birds can shine shadows when they skim over the water, if they are uneven, how can they be aware of the water?
As Li Bai wrote in "Qingxi Line. Xuanzhou Qingxi" poem said, "In the mirror of the people, in the screen of the bird degree". The scenery is crystal clear and dusty, which is Fan Weng's state of mind in which he exiles himself in nature. The last two sentences turn to express their hearts, "I don't believe in Jingluo, and the wind and dust will make guest clothes." "The poet does not believe that the luxurious and extravagant wind and dust of Jingluo can dye plain clothes black. Fan Zhongyun expressed his chest directly, indicating that he would not change his original intention due to changes in the environment. These two sentences are derived from the words of Confucius recorded in the Analects, "Not white, nirvana but not stubborn", which originally meant that pure things will not be blackened. Later, Lu Ji had a poetry cloud: "Jingluo is windy and dusty, and the plain clothes are turned into silk." Fan Shi did not follow the poetry of Lu Ji, but adopted the Analects allusions from the front, indicating that he would not be contaminated by the wind and dust of Jingluo and would always maintain a clean and noble style. Looking at Fan Zhongyan's poem, there is an allegory in the scene, and there is no trace; it is fresh and gratifying to see the aspirations with affection. From the road to encounter fushi, there is no confusion about the future, but it seems to burn a fiery fire in the heart. Let people read it and have a sense of awe and admiration.
Dashing is often a hard "bone" to resist the injustice of fate. "Bones" often have something to say. The miner poet Chen Nianxi said: "There are rivers in the bones of the 'low'!" I write because I have something to say ("To live is to shout at the sky"). I write therefore I am.
Tonglu has been known since ancient times
Fan Zhongyan is an old "bone" from a thousand years ago. He practiced the ideological proposition that "if you live in the height of the temple, you are worried about the king, and if you are far away from the rivers and lakes, you are worried about the people", and he also "sprinkled" answered a key puzzle in the process of history, that is, how to be an official and self-confidence to be an official. "Holding a section with self-confidence, three times without regret", he claims to be deposed three times in his life as "three lights" (glory). Due to the failure of the "Qingli New Deal", he was deposed for the third time, and he was appointed as a senior scholar in Shaanxi Zhizhou, and never returned to the imperial court. But that didn't stop him from practicing. This is not only a question of honesty for officials, diligence for the government, and affinity for the people, but also the embodiment of the class concept of scholars and doctors who are loyal to the country. Pride in loyalty, pride in diligence, and compassion for the people. Fan Zhongyan's Daoist thought encompasses many aspects, mostly around political reform and state governance. Fan Weng is knowledgeable, clean and upright, seeking truth from facts, distinguishing between right and wrong, daring to speak out, selfless and fearless. Fan Zhongyan was degraded again and again, and he did not forget that the people were already in office; after suffering hardships, he did not change his original intention of worrying first and then enjoying. When he went to Muzhou, he was in distress by boat and buried the belly of the fish; the degraded official Raozhou was sent by no one and no one greeted him. Human feelings are cold and warm, the world is hot, and he does not pay attention to it. Fan Wengyan: If you are not a good person, you are a good doctor. He was an official in the dynasty, and Geng zhizhi spoke directly, offending the powerful people of the dynasty. His good friend Mei Yaochen persuaded him to write "Ling Wu Fu", in which he said: "Wu Xi, things will be obedient and loyal, and people are called Erduo fierce", which means that crows warn people when they are dying, but they are disgusted by people as fierce birds; and they also advise Fan Zhongyan to "knot the tongue and the beak" and keep silent to protect themselves. Fan Zhongyun wrote "Lingwu Fu" in return, showing his heart of "preferring to die in silence and not to be silent". As long as it is beneficial to Jiangshan Sheji, even in the face of adversity, he will not be silent and silent. When he knew Dengzhou, he called himself to the emperor: "Saving the people from one side is a party, and dividing the country is worried about thousands of miles." In "The Fisherman on the River", it is written: "People come and go on the river, but love the beauty of sea bass." Jun looks at a leaf boat, haunted by the storm." Sympathetic to the labor of the people. What a boldness it is to take it as one's duty to save the people's diseases and divide the country's worries.
Just as Mencius said that "knowing the destiny of heaven", Fan Zhongyun is "the west city of the high-pressure county, watching the wind and not the waves". What I hope in my chest is that "the mountains and rivers are thousands of miles, and the words and laughter are thousands of families." A scholar in a feudal society is not arrogant, the light is not dazzling, "the world is worried and worried, and the world is happy and happy", which can be called a model for a generation of scholars.
Dashing Tongcheng, "dashing" is a person's external spiritual outpouring. The landscapes and waters of Tongcheng cannot hide a natural scenery, allowing poets to sing spontaneously. In the Northern Song Dynasty a thousand years ago, to some extent, the operation of the civil bureaucracy showed a political dawn, and because of the words and advice, it was not enough to obtain major crimes. Politically open-minded, selfless, dashing is frank, frank, and should be natural. In contrast to medieval Europe, which is wade in the dark and difficult, Van Ong should be grateful for that era of the Northern Song Dynasty.
Balzac once said: "There is never anything in the world that is absolutely good or bad, and everything varies from person to person."
Setbacks can crush a person quickly, and they can also hone a person's qualities in a short period of time. When faced with adversity, some people are unwavering, not only determined, but also actively look for opportunities to get out of the predicament; while others are resentful, arrogant, and even reject the advice of others. As the saying goes, the fire sees the real gold, and the adversity produces the hero. Fan Zhongyan's depreciation of Tonglu seems to confirm this sentence. It turns out that his self-confidence is not blind. Fan Zhongyan was in Muzhou For less than half a year, and the imperial court sent Fan Zhongyan to Suzhou to control the water. Fan Zhongyun spent a year and a half in Suzhou, completing the two major events of water management and running a school. Doing things like this is very rigorous, and can easily write poetry in a dashing form. You can't do it without enough concentration. Fan Zhongyun became more and more deprecating, and lived the days of debasement into a light wind and clouds, and lived into poetry and far away.
In the Complete Works of Fan Zhongyun, there is: "People have moral pleasures, and the shape of the skeleton can be outside, but the situation is living in the room?" I am over sixty years old this year, and I have few births, but I am seeking to rule the first tree garden, so why should I live? What I suffer is high and difficult, and there is no place to retreat. And the Siddhartha Doctor's garden is facing each other, and the master is not always traveling, and who is the only one who hinders me to travel? Will there be self-righteousness and then pleasure? In addition to the gift, it is advisable to take the clan. If Cao obeys my words, he will not worry." Zhang Zai, who had been enlightened by Fan Zhongyan to become a Great Confucian of Song Xue, also told the Cheng Hao Cheng Yi brothers that some people meant that Fan Zhongyan should buy the "Green Field Hall" left by the Tang Dynasty prime minister Pei Du in Luoyang, and Fan Zhongyan insisted on not allowing it. He said: "In the past, some people wanted to buy 'Green Field Hall' for Fan Xiwen (Zhongyan), but Xiwen refused to do so. He quoted Fan Zhongyan as saying that once there is selfishness to seek money and property for oneself, how can one be at ease? In the midst of all things in nature, read tolerance, read compassion, read forgiveness, and gain inspiration, resonance, and strength in the beautiful mountains and rivers of the spirit. Therefore, he understood how Fan Zhongyan's "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with oneself" was refined, to understand that when he repeatedly accepted the depreciation, it was like accepting the relief and joy of coronation, living in the temple, and also going through the rivers and lakes, constantly adjusting the angle in favor and humiliation, advancing and retreating, giving himself the time and space for growth and thinking, constantly formatting complicated memory, refreshing and correcting himself, serving the country without forgetting to read, and in the process of converting between special texts and deeds, he also completed self-affirmation and completed the nirvana of the self.
Fan Zhongyan wrote The Ten Gems of Tonglu County, which include:
Xiao Shan Tonglu County, in the mist of Wulong Mountain.
Let the king have nothing to do, and the heart is full of white clouds.
The heart shown in the poem is not empty of everything, but the heart and the breadth of heaven and earth. After Fan Zhongyun's death, it can be imagined that it is simply unimaginable for Fan Zhongyan to be a person like Yan Shu and Lü Yijian who is sleek in the world and does things without principle in order to protect the official position. Being born as a human being and camping for one's own interests is a way of life, standing upright, standing between heaven and earth, and it is another way of living. Fan Zhong's choice between heaven and earth made people can't help but stand up.
October 16, 2021