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Vietnam was divided
During the Cold War, both the Soviet Union and the United States were once mired in wars between "small countries" that they saw as having little military strength, and the Vietnam War was one of the quagmires in which the United States was deeply immersed.
In modern times, especially after the European and American powers wantonly invaded the Asia-Pacific region and seized colonies, Vietnam was once controlled by France and became its colony. During World War II, it was once again invaded and controlled by the Japanese.
In the process of long-term colonization and invasion, Vietnam's national consciousness has gradually awakened, and the idea of seeking independence has never been broken. The end of World War II was clearly a good opportunity to seek independence.
But independence means not only fighting off foreign invaders, but also overthrowing the already decaying ruling class at home, and it is the Vietnamese Independence League, also known as the Communist Party of Vietnam, led by Ho Chi Minh, who stood up to save Vietnam.
Thus, after Japan was defeated, the civil war in Vietnam inevitably broke out. The corrupt feudal regime in Vietnam was no match for the Alliance of Independence and was defeated.
However, under the intervention of France, the feudal emperor of Vietnam was not completely eliminated, but with his support established a so-called new government in Saigon, and since then, Vietnam has been divided into two countries, North and South Vietnam.
Subsequently, although the French army remaining in Vietnam was defeated by the Independent Alliance, the real unification of Vietnam at that time was not completed.
Although the two sides also drew up a vote on reunifying the country, because the United States, even North and South Vietnam, did not sign in key places, the election remained only on paper.
Vietnam War
With the Cold War, in order to prevent the widespread spread of communism internationally, the United States supported and directed the South Vietnamese regime to launch a massacre and cleansing operation against the North Vietnamese regime.
In 1959, the Communist Party of Vietnam officially decided to overthrow the reactionary Republic of Vietnam by force, and due to its internal decay and the support of the Chinese and Soviet Unions for the Communist Party of Vietnam, the southern regime showed a posture that it could collapse at any time.
In 1961, seeing that the southern government of Diệm Diệm that it supported was unable to return to heaven, the United States sent hundreds of soldiers to officially step into the battlefield in Vietnam and directly involved in the war. And this is called the so-called "special operation" by the United States.
However, as the intensity of the South Vietnam War increased, so did the United States military investment in South Vietnam, until it directly bombed North Vietnam from the air force and navy.
Seeing this, China and the Soviet Union also began to increase their support for North Vietnam, not only providing North Vietnam with a large amount of military equipment, but also directly sending engineers and combatants, directly participating in part of the Vietnam War.
But as the Vietnam War drew to a fever pitch, opposition began to emerge in the United States, after all, they saw no benefit in this war, only the sacrifice of soldiers and the continuous investment of money.
Subsequently, under the wave of anti-war at home, although the United States announced that it would no longer bomb North Vietnam, it still did some bombing things behind the scenes, such as the bombing campaign against Cambodia.
But the bombing of Cambodia caused an even greater backlash at home, and even in the process of suppressing the anti-war march, several American college students were shot dead by the National Guard, which added a spoonful of fuel to the fire of the anti-war march.
In the end, under internal and external pressure, the United States had to hope to work with North Vietnam to end the war once and for all at the negotiating table.
In the end, the United States and Vietnam reached an agreement that the United States would formally withdraw all troops from Vietnam. Although the United States left 20,000 so-called military advisers, it did not help, and the South Vietnamese regime was eventually completely defeated and Vietnam was reunified.
The direction of U.S.-Vietnam relations after the war
In 1989, as the international situation changed, the United States began to actively seek normal relations with Vietnam, and then withdrew all troops left in the area, and the two sides began a high-level meeting with ministerials the following year.
Subsequently, the United States relaxed a series of restrictions on Vietnam, including entering the United States and allowing the sale of some civilian goods to Vietnam, and the relationship between the two countries took another step forward.
In 1995, diplomatic relations were normalized, and since then, there has been a significant increase in trade between the United States and Vietnam, which in turn will feed back the relationship.
In August, Vietnamese officials declared that they were already in a comprehensive partnership with the United States, and that the relationship was likely to go further.
Previously, Biden also publicly expressed his hope that he would bring the relationship between the United States and Vietnam to the same level as the relationship between the United States and China and Russia.
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