Why are the college entrance examination admission scores different in each province? This is related to an imperial examination in the Ming Dynasty

The annual college entrance examination always touches the hearts of countless people, because the college entrance examination determines the future education and career of students. However, there is a question that has always puzzled people, why do the same college entrance examinations, each province's test papers and admission score lines are different?

China's college entrance examination is to refer to the values and thinking of the ancient imperial examination, and then learn from the Western examination system, combined with the advantages of the two and established, the college entrance examination for China to cultivate a large number of outstanding talents, is really indispensable.

Since the birth of the Sui Dynasty, the imperial examination has been constantly changing, adapting to the development of the times, establishing a channel for people at the bottom to go up, sending a lot of talents to the imperial court, but also imprisoning other rising channels.

When the imperial examination was first born, it was still divided into subjects, and the permanent subjects of the Tang Dynasty included Xiucai, Mingjing, Junshi, Jinshi, Mingfa, Mingzi, Mingshu, One History, Three History, Kaiyuan Ceremony, Daoju and so on. Different talents were selected for different fields, and in the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were only jinshi, and the examination was eight strands.

The admission of the score list occurred during the Ming Dynasty's Zhu Yuanzhang period. The Ming dynasty is a special dynasty, he was the last feudal dynasty established by the Han Chinese, before and after the Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty, respectively founded by the Mongols and Manchus.

The Yuan Dynasty, due to its conquests and ethnic policies, did not attach particular importance to the imperial examination. The Yuan Dynasty only existed for more than 100 years, and the number of imperial examinations held was relatively small. After the peasant uprising at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang unified the whole country from the south to the north, resulting in an increasing economic gap between the north and the south. Reflected in education, due to the perennial economic turmoil in the north, which was later than the reunification of the south, the number and quality of readers were also increasingly different from those in the south. Finally, in the thirty years of Ming Hongwu, the North-South List case broke out.

In February of the 30th year of Hongwu, the Ming Dynasty ushered in the triennial examination, and after careful consideration, Zhu Yuanzhang selected the 85-year-old Hanlin bachelor and great Ru Liu Sanwu as the chief examiner. Liu Sanwu served as the deputy of Jingjiang Confucianism in the last years of the Yuan Dynasty. After the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the imperial examination system of the Ming Dynasty was formulated, and the preface to the criminal law "Dazhen" was written. He compiled the imperial classics such as "Saving the Heart", "Records of the Province", "Collection of Rites", and "Universal Tongzhi", which were deeply praised by Zhu Yuanzhang.

Liu Sanwu was not only a great Confucian, but also a good man, and the "History of Ming" said that he was "generous, without a city in his chest, and called himself Tantanwen", which can be said to be a Shilin leader with good character and learning. Zhu Yuanzhang also took this into account and made Liu Sanwu the chief examiner.

Liu Sanwu read the papers with the intention of selecting talents for the country, and it can be said that he did not bend the law for personal gain in the slightest. However, all 51 people admitted were southerners, and none of them from the northerners were junior high school juniors. Although this objectively reflects that the economy of the south is more developed than that of the north, it has more economic strength to cultivate readers. But the result was too coincidental to be reminiscent, and the capital at that time was in Nanjing, which further aroused the suspicion of the northern scholars.

Six days after the admission list was announced, the northerners who would have failed the test jointly went to the Ministry of Rites to beat the drum and file a complaint, accusing the examiner Liu Sanwu of being biased towards the southerners. On the street, dozens of candidates shouted along the road and even stopped officials from palanquins to petition.

After Zhu Yuanzhang knew this, Thunder was furious, the imperial examination is not only related to the country's selection of talents, but also one of the main factors of political stability, so he ordered the establishment of a 12-member team to thoroughly investigate the matter, and after the investigation of the 12-member investigation team, judging by the level of candidates, the 51 people admitted were all admitted on the basis of merit, and there was no problem.

As soon as the conclusion came out, the whole country was in an uproar, and the fallen northern officials could not accept such a result, and officials of northern and central China also attacked one after another, and demanded that officials be re-selected for review. Zhu Yuanzhang was furious again, denouncing Liu Sanwu, the chief examiner of the imperial examination, and Bai Guoxin, the deputy examiner, as "Blue Jade Yu Party", and all the officials involved in the case were severely punished, and Liu Sanwu was sent to the northwest.

Four months later, in June of the 30th year of Hongwu, Zhu Yuanzhang personally inquired and admitted 61 people, all of whom were northerners. All those admitted in February are southerners, so it is called the South List, and all those admitted in June are Northerners, also known as the North List. This is the famous North-South list case.

In the first year of his reign, Emperor Mingrenzong Zhu Gaoji began to divide the north and south into volumes, with six points for the south and four points for the north. The Ming Dynasty also took the north, middle and south to take the army. This approach is a political consideration, and the people in each region must be relatively balanced in order for politics to be relatively stable.

After the establishment of the Qing Dynasty, a similar approach was adopted until the imperial examination was abolished.

The different admission line of each province in the college entrance examination is also similar to the imperial examination, because of China's vast territory, each province's economic development is different, and the level of education is also different.

China is still a developing country, generally speaking, the southeast economy is far better than the northwest, in terms of education investment, the northwest is naturally inferior to the southeast provinces, if admitted according to the unified score line, there will also be a situation like the Ming Dynasty, most of the students admitted to the university are students in the southeast coastal provinces, the northwest region will be relatively few, which is unfair to the northwest provinces, and will also enter the vicious circle of education and economy.

To solve this problem, first of all, we must strive to develop the economy, so that the economic difference between provinces is not so big, and secondly, we must strengthen the balanced distribution of educational resources, improve the overall quality of students, so that the education teachers received in different places can converge, only in this way, even if different provinces have different admission score lines, they can well reflect the true level of students, in order to be relatively fair in the system and facts.