There is a book jun said
Duke Mu of Qin, the ninth monarch of the Qin state, one of the "Five Hegemons of spring and autumn".
Although he was a hegemon, Qin Mugong's career was only limited to the Qin state, and at the same time, Qi Huangong and other overlords had already taken the lead in the Central Plains.
Although Qin Mugong's "merits" were not very prominent compared to these overlords.
However, during his reign, he recruited wise men and women, boldly appointed non-national talents, and pioneered the system of appointing guest secretaries in the Qin State.
In order to make the Qin state develop better, he devoted his life to expanding eastward and developing eastward.
Although it did not achieve complete success, it eventually enabled the Qin state to dominate the West.
It laid the foundation for the future development of the Qin State and ensured the rise of the Qin State in the later period.
Today, let's take a look at how Qin Mugong developed and expanded the Qin State.
In the classical novel "Fengshen Yanyi", the king of Lu has a pair of cronies around him, named Fei Lian and Evil Lai.
Fei Lian and Evil Lai are father-son relationships, the father Fei Lian runs fast, and the son Evil Lai has great strength, and is a very powerful person around the King of Qi.
In fact, in addition to being a close associate of the King of Lu, their father and son also have another identity - the ancestors of the Qin people.
Perhaps the genes left by Fei Lian and Evil Lai are better, so their descendants inherit the advantages of their ancestors running fast and strong, and thus master a new technology - driving.
During the Western Zhou Dynasty, many of the Zhou kings' royalty were held by their descendants, and it was precisely by virtue of this skill that the ancestors of the Qin state obtained the favor of the king of Zhou and were sealed in the western Qin land.
Later, king Ping of Zhou moved east, and Duke Xiang of Qin contributed to his labor and hard work, so he was officially appointed as a prince and given the title of "Earl".
Since then, the Qin state has begun a century-long "non-mainstream life", until the appearance of Qin Mugong and RenHao, Qin people enjoyed the "glory of a big country" for the first time.
Talented and classless
The State of Qin has always followed the inheritance system of "brother to brother and brother", so the throne of Duke Mu of Qin was not passed down from his father, but from his brother.
Different from the previous monarchs of the Qin State, Qin Mugong was not a person who only cared about "one acre and three parts of land", he had a more ambitious ambition - to enter the Central Plains in the east and dominate the princes.
But for the Qin state at that time, it was tantamount to a fool's dream. The State of Qin is remote, the degree of civilization is not high, and talents are extremely scarce, which is a problem that Qin Mugong urgently needs to solve.
Of course, Qin Mugong had a way. Adhering to the concept of "what is missing, what is dug", he began to recruit talents everywhere.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, there was a special phenomenon called "Chu Cai Jin Yong".
The talents cultivated by the State of Chu were eventually dug into corners by the State of Jin. In fact, this is not only the case for the Jin and Chu countries, but also for other princely states, and everyone is competing for land and population at the same time, but also for talents.
However, the search scope of talents in various countries is limited, everyone is a "civilized person" in the upper class, and the talents recruited are naturally also such people.
However, Qin Mugong is different from them, he has his own unique "digging concept" - there is talent and no class, and those who come do not refuse. Even if you are a lowly slave, as long as you are talented, I am willing to pay a lot of money to hire you.
The famous "Five Doctors" BaiLi Xi in history was a talent that Qin Mugong had dug up from the slave pile.
Baili Xi was originally the doctor of Yu Guo, but later Yu Guo was destroyed by the Duke of Jin, and Bai Li Xi became a prisoner of the order.
(Baili Xi)
At that time, when Duke Mu of Qin was asking for relatives in the State of Jin, Duke Xian of Jin sent Bai Lixi to the State of Qin as a slave of the dowry, but did not want the old man to sneak away on the way.
Qin Mugong didn't care at first, but when someone told him that Baili Xi was a sage, Qin Mugong was completely dumbfounded.
It was from this time on that Qin Mugong grasped a truth that other princes had neglected: every time the righteous slaughtered more dogs, there were often real heroes in the grass.
Therefore, Qin Mugong vowed: We must find this lost talent back!
Later, after inquiring from many sources, it was learned that Baili Xi was herding cattle in the Chu state, and in order not to make the Chu people suspicious, Qin Mugong sent someone to say to the Chu people:
"My sinner, Bai Lixi, has fled to you, and I want to arrest him and punish him severely, and now I want to exchange it for five ram skins, how about it?"
When the People of Chu heard it, they laughed at the time, and they all felt that the People of Qin were really "stupid and have a lot of money", wasn't it just an old man who herded cattle? Deal!
In this way, Baili Xi, who was more than 70 years old, was loaded into a prison cart by the Chu people and handed over to the Qin people with his own hands.
But what surprised Bai Lixi was that what awaited him was not the severe punishment, but the warm welcome of Qin Mugong.
Qin Mugong could be said to be thirsty for talents, and as soon as he saw Baili Xi, he couldn't help but ask the other party for advice on the art of governing the country.
But Bai Lixian resigned:
"I am a minister of subjugation, how can I be asked?"
Qin Mugong said sincerely:
"It is not your sin that the king of the Kingdom of Yu did not listen to your advice before he perished!"
Bai Li saw that Qin Mugong was sincere and asked, so he put down the mustard and answered when he asked.
In this way, the two talked freely in the palace for three days and three nights, and finally Qin Mugong wanted to entrust the state administration to him, but Bai Lixi smiled and said:
"What ability can I have to govern the country, my friend Uncle Jian is the real talent."
After Hearing this, Qin Mugong was very excited, and immediately sent someone to greet Uncle Jian with heavy gold, and worshiped him as a doctor and entrusted him with internal affairs.
Bai Lixi and Uncle Jian did not live up to the kindness of Qin Mugong, and they actively offered suggestions and suggestions to make Qin's internal affairs flourish.
As the first batch of "international talents" introduced by the Qin State, Bai Li Xi and Uncle Jian had a major impact on the development of the Qin State in the future, and later successive Qin monarchs inherited this fine tradition and gradually formed a system - the guest secretary system.
Shang Martin who changes the law and strives to be strong, Zhang Yi who crosses the line, Fan Ju who attacks from afar and closely, Li Si who rules the world... These great and wise men who stir up trouble have all benefited from this system.
At this time, the Qin state was full of talents and internal stability, and it was also time to move east into the Central Plains.
Qin Jin is good
If you want to go east into the Central Plains, you have to deal with the "world's largest power" Jinguo.
As the saying goes, distant relatives are not as good as close neighbors, and there is only one Yellow River between Qin and Jin, so the Qin state can be regarded as the "close neighbor" of the Jin state.
Not only that, the two countries were also in-laws, Qin Mugong married the daughter of Jin Xiangong, and the son of Jin Xiangong also married the daughter of Qin Mugong, and "Qin Jin's Good" came from here.
With this relationship, the Qin state naturally became the foreign aid that the princes of the Jin state tried to win over.
The jin xiangong's massacre of four parties led to the chaos of the Jin state, which also provided an investment opportunity for Qin Mugong - who was set up as the Jin jun?
Yiwu, the exiled prince of the Jin Dynasty, used the "ceding of the five cities of Hexi" as a bargaining chip to ask Qin Mugong to help him return to the country and ascend to the throne.
But Qin Mugong still underestimated one thing, the face of a person, and he never expected it: this Yiwu was actually a white-eyed wolf!
People have returned to China and become monarchs, but there is no news of the five cities in Hexi that were promised earlier.
Yi Wu's front foot had just returned to China to become the Duke of Jin Hui, and the back foot turned his face and did not recognize anyone: Ceding the five cities of Hexi? If there is such a thing, the land of the ancestors, I will not let you!
For Jin Huigong's face turn and not recognizing people, Qin Mugong put up with it. But what happened next once again refreshed Qin Mugong's three views.
Soon after Jin Huigong returned to China, natural disasters occurred in the Jin kingdom, and the lack of harvest of crops made the country that had just stabilized crumbling. Out of the humanitarian spirit, Qin Mugong decided to lend another helping hand and borrow grain from Jin.
The State of Qin mobilized many ships, went down the Yellow River, and transported truckloads of grain to the Jin State to support the people of the Jin State, known in history as the "Battle of Panzhou".
Qin Mugong was great, because he was really a good man who would rather suffer losses himself than facilitate others.
As a "reward" for good people, God also gave the Qin State a natural disaster of "no grain", and this time it was the turn of the Qin State to borrow grain from the Jin State.
In fact, this "borrowing" word is really not talked about, because the Jin State originally owed the Qin State grain.
It is good to borrow well, and it is not difficult to borrow again. However, Jin Huigong not only did not return, but also took advantage of the fire to loot, and the people used grain to help him survive the natural disaster, but he directly sent troops to attack the people.
For the Jin Huigong who had no lower limit, Qin Mugong had to continue to endure.
Fortunately, the following year, the Qin state ushered in a great harvest, and the national strength gradually recovered, at this time, Qin Mugong drew his sword and headed east, determined to cut down the Jin.
Who said that "there is no righteous war in the Spring and Autumn", Qin Mugong's cutting down the Jin Dynasty this time is a "righteous war"!
Jin Huigong, who had always had no face and no skin, never dreamed that honest people were so terrible when they got angry.
The vengeful Qin army was highly motivated and showed super combat effectiveness, and even captured Jin Huigong in one fell swoop.
Duke Hui of Jin became a prisoner of the order, and now he had no temper, so he had to cut the land and beg for forgiveness, and also sent his son Gongzi Yuan to the Qin State as a hostage, which allowed him to return to the Jin Kingdom.
In order to ease the relations between the two countries, Qin Mugong decided to come and marry his daughter Huai Ying to Gongzi Yuan. But I didn't expect that Gongzi Yuan, like his father, was also an ungrateful person.
As soon as he heard that his father was dead, he didn't even want his wife, and he smuggled himself back to the Jin kingdom overnight to succeed him, for the sake of the Duke of Jin.
After Jin Huaigong returned to China, the first thing he did was not to welcome back his wife of the Qin state, but to cut off contact with the Qin state.
Qin Mugong saw that the potential stocks that had been invested for so long were suddenly delisted, of course, he was not willing, so he took over the exiled Jin Gongzi Zhong'er, who was the uncle of Jin Huigong, and later Qin Mugong actually remarried his daughter to Zhong'er.
This practice is regarded as "incest" in the eyes of our modern people, but there was no "ethics" in the Spring and Autumn Period at that time, and the real emphasis on "ethics" began in the Song Dynasty.
With the ascension of The Duke of Jin, the Qin and Jin dynasties turned Gange into jade and officially entered the honeymoon period of "Qin and Jin's Good".
(Heavy ear)
The fall of the eastward march
Whether it was supporting the royal family, opposing the Chu state, or encircling the Zheng state and fighting together, Qin Mugong had always stood on the same front with the Jin state.
Jin Wengong is a person he admires very much, as long as Jin Wengong is still there, he is willing to help him dominate the world and reward the royal family.
Unfortunately, The Mandate of Heaven of Jin Wen was not eternal, and he died after only nine years on the throne.
There was no eternal friend between the countries, and the death of Duke Wen of Jin made Duke Mu of Qin feel that his opportunity had come, and it was time for the State of Qin to march into the Central Plains.
I don't know whether it was the expansion of confidence or the rush to make quick gains, but this march of the Qin State actually selected Zheng Guo as the target.
However, Bai Lixi and Uncle Jian did not agree, and gave an absolutely sufficient reason: The labor teacher attacked far away, which was unheard of. And travel thousands of miles, who does not know?
From the Qin State to the State of Zheng, that is, from today's Fengxiang in Shaanxi to Xinzheng in Henan, the journey is more than 1,500 miles, passing through the Jin Kingdom, the Slippery State, the Luoyi and other places.
I would like to ask, is there such a sneak attack in the world? I'm afraid that before I reached the door of the house, I was discovered.
Sneaking up on Zheng Guo was a low-level mistake, but the temptation to chase after the deer in zhongyuan was too great, so big that Qin Mugong lost his mind and recklessly.
In this way, Qin Mugong sent three generals to lead his troops to the east.
The Qin army eventually returned because zheng guo's early defenses were fruitless, but on the way back it conveniently destroyed a small country, the state of Shui, which caused a great international dispute.
Geographically, the State of Shui was a neighbor and vassal state of the State of Jin, and in terms of timing, at this time, shortly after the death of Duke Wen of Jin, the State of Qin belonged to the state of because of the mourning, which violated the righteousness of the alliance, which made the newly succeeded monarch of the State of Jin very angry.
Therefore, the State of Jin set up an ambush between the eastern and western mountains of the Kunhan region, waiting for the Qin army to return with a full load.
In 627 BC, the Qin army was ambushed, the entire army was destroyed, and the three generals were also captured by the Jin army, and finally recovered a life by relationship.
After the three generals returned to China, they thought that the Qin Mu Guild would reduce their sins. However, when they arrived at the capital, they found an old man in a white mourning dress waiting for them in the suburbs, this person was Qin Mugong.
Qin Mugong said affectionately:
"This defeat is entirely my fault and has nothing to do with the generals."
Instead of punishing the three, he continued to reuse them.
The "Battle of Kun" was a small ambush battle, and the Jin army effortlessly captured the commander of the Qin army and dealt a huge blow to the Qin state, making the Qin state no longer able to enter the Central Plains in the east.
"Are you shirtless?" Robe with the Son. Wang Yuxing, repair my spear. ”
Two years later, Qin Mugong went on another crusade, and when the Qin army crossed the Yellow River, it burned all the warships and cut off the way back, showing in this way that he would never retreat.
When the Jin army saw the Qin army's posture, it was desperate, and it did not dare to fight.
In the end, the Qin army marched all the way and won a big victory.
In this battle, although the Jin state failed, the main force of the Jin army was still there, and it was still a powerful neighbor.
Therefore, the road of Qin Mugong's eastward expansion was not completed, which required future generations of Qin Kings to continue to walk.
And how did the future Qin Kings complete this road, please see the explanations in the next few issues.
For the Qin state, the eastward expansion was hopeless, and Qin Mugong finally chose to develop in the northwest direction, eliminate the Inuyasha, and go thousands of miles to the land, and finally dominate the west.
At this point, the State of Qin officially changed from a small country to a big country that dominated one side.