<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="1" > preface</h1>
After the founding of New China, the central leaders were well aware of the importance of coastal defense, and the establishment of a modern navy was imminent, so Chairman Mao handed over this heavy responsibility to the founding general Xiao Jinguang, who had been doing this for 30 years.
In 1979, Xiao Jinguang suffered a myocardial infarction and his life was in danger. At this time, Chen Yun personally asked Xiao Jinguang about his rehabilitation. After the rehabilitation, Xiao Jinguang was very emotional, he did not expect that Zhou Enlai was still protecting himself three years after his death.
General Xiao Jinguang
Zhou Enlai and Xiao Jinguang fought all their lives for China's revolutionary cause, and the two met from the mahjong table. Since then, whether it is good times or bad times, they have supported each other, and Zhou Enlai's words before his death actually helped Xiao Jinguang unshackle the invisible shackles.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="131" > met on the mahjong table</h1>
Xiao Jinguang was born into a poor peasant family in Hunan Province, and when he was in middle school, he and Ren Bi were classmates, so he actively participated in the student movement in his youth. In 1920, Xiao Jinguang, who pursued ideological advancement, joined the Chinese Socialist Communist Youth League.
Xiao Jinguang, who joined the organization, was active, and in order to train him, the organization decided to send him to the Soviet Union to study. After studying at the Tolmachev Military and Political Academy in the Soviet Union for three years, he graduated in the summer of 1930 and left the Soviet Union with his wife Zhu Zhongzhi.
A vigorous student movement
When he left the Soviet Union, Xiao Jinguang disguised himself as a train driver, traveled from Siberia to Vladivostok, and returned to Shanghai by boat to report to the party organization.
After coming to Shanghai, Xiao Jinguang lived in the home of his father-in-law, Zhu Jianfan. At this time, Zhu Jianfan was seriously ill, but his revolutionary will was very firm, and he had been actively participating in the preparations for the Grand Alliance of the Freedom Movement.
Zhu Jianfan had a strong desire for revolution, and he was ready to wait until his body recovered and go to the Central Soviet Region to continue his work. Usually, he formed his whole family into a fighting collective and engaged in revolutionary work. Opposite his apartment was a small hotel, which was actually a secret meeting place and resting place for the responsible comrades of our Party.
At that time, Kuomintang agents could be seen everywhere in Shanghai, and many leading comrades of the Party Central Committee were in a very dangerous situation, and Zhou Enlai, Deng Yingchao, Li Fuchun, Nie Rongzhen, and others often gathered here to set up a table of mahjong as a cover to discuss work together.
Zhou Enlai in his youth
After Xiao Jinguang came to Shanghai, Zhou Enlai, director of the Central Organization Department and secretary of the Central Military Commission, decided to send him to work in the Xianggan Soviet District. After Xiao Jinguang came to Hunan, the local underground party organization was destroyed, and he had to return to Shanghai again in a difficult situation, and the party organization sent him to the Western Fujian Soviet District.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="133" > Zhou Enlai: You rough-handed person can still spin such yarn</h1>
In 1940, the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression entered a stalemate stage, and due to the frenzied sweeping of the Japanese army, coupled with the military encirclement and economic blockade of the Kuomintang, the War of Resistance behind enemy lines led by the Communist Party of China faced very severe difficulties.
The Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region was in financial and economic difficulties; in some places, the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians did not even have clothes to wear, the soldiers had no shoes and socks, and the staff members did not have quilt covers in the winter, and even eating grain became very difficult.
A large-scale production campaign in the Yan'an area
Faced with serious economic difficulties, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region launched a vigorous large-scale production campaign in 1941. One of the most important reasons why the large-scale production movement has gone smoothly is that leaders at all levels have led by example and taken the lead in participating.
In Yangjialing, Chairman Mao reclaimed a long piece of arable land in a ravine opposite the cave where he lived, and planted vegetables and other crops. Whenever Chairman Mao had free time, he would go to water and pull grass. Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi and others all had a hand-cranked spinning wheel, and they sat cross-legged like female comrades and practiced spinning.
Once, Yan'an held a spinning competition, Xiao Jinguang and Zhou Enlai participated together, Zhou Enlai saw that Xiao Jinguang's spinning quality was OK, so he took the initiative to praise: "I really can't see that you, a rough-handed person, can still spin such a good yarn." ”
Xiao Jinguang replied with a smile, "This is my ancestral craft." ”
Zhou Enlai asked Xiao Jinguang with great interest what was going on.
Xiao Jinguang replied solemnly, "My father was a handicraft worker. ”
Warriors compete in the production movement
After hearing this, Zhou Enlai laughed and said, "No wonder you can spin yarn." ”
In fact, Xiao Jinguang was just joking, his grandfather and father were rural craftsmen, often going from village to village, weaving and spinning for others. But Xiao Jinguang's real practice of spinning also began with the mass production movement.
Xiao Jinguang in the beginning, the spinning yarn is not too thick or too fine, and later spinning more to practice more evenly, while Zhou Enlai, Ren Bishi's progress is relatively fast, the two people in the spinning competition also won a lot of awards.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="134" > Xiao Jinguang disagreed with the Central Military Commission, and Zhou Enlai cleverly solved</h1> it
Chinese people have experienced 28 years of revolutionary struggle and established a new political power in which the people are the masters of their own affairs, and the leaders of the state attach great importance to the importance of coastal defense construction.
After Xiao Jinguang took office, he learned a lot of naval knowledge and formulated a series of guidelines on naval construction, and at the same time he also served as the principal of the naval school, cultivating a large number of talents for the naval construction of new China.
In August 1953, in accordance with the spirit of the Party Central Committee on austerity expenditure, the Central Military Commission proposed at the naval conference that the three-year naval order agreement signed between China and the Soviet Union should be reduced.
Out of consideration for naval construction, Xiao Jinguang wrote a letter to Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai, and other central leaders, hoping that military expenditure could be appropriately adjusted.
After the letter was sent, Xiao Jinguang never received a timely reply, but the leading comrades of the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission were seriously considering the construction of the navy.
The letter was sent, but Xiao Jinguang's psychology always felt a little inappropriate, because as the head of the Navy, he directly gave different opinions to the Central Military Commission, which is rare in the history of our army's construction.
Xiao Jinguang and the admirals
Zhou Enlai, as the premier of the State Council, thought more, and the construction of the navy not only needed a lot of money and materials, but also the support of the state's heavy industry, which required him to personally make overall plans, but specifically to reduce the navy's orders, he also had difficulties, but the notice made by the Central Military Commission was collectively studied and decided, and Zhou Enlai fell into a dilemma for a while.
In February 1954, Zhou Enlai invited Deng Xiaoping, Huang Kecheng, Peng Dehuai, Li Fuchun, and others to conduct a special study on the construction plan of the navy.
After the meeting began, Xiao Jinguang first made a speech, and he gave a detailed report on the content of the Navy's five-year plan, which was mainly divided into two parts: one part was the weapons and equipment provided by the Three-Year Order Agreement between China and the Soviet Union, and the other part was intended to be increased in the next two years, requiring a total of more than 1.3 billion rubles in foreign exchange.
Immediately afterward, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yi, and others spoke one after another, all of whom unanimously advocated concentrating the main financial resources of the state to develop heavy industry, and that the construction of all branches of the armed forces should be reduced to the greatest extent possible.
Zhou Enlai spoke at the meeting
There is no doubt that the above views are correct and are all from the perspective of national construction. In view of the problems existing in naval construction, Zhou Enlai said in his speech: "From the perspective of the development speed of China's shipbuilding industry, the state's financial capacity, and the signing of a three-year naval agreement with the Soviet Union, the five-year naval construction plan should be to realize the Sino-Soviet three-year naval order agreement within five years, that is, to take the naval equipment supplied by the Soviet Union according to the agreement as the plan for the five-year construction plan of our navy, and it is impossible to add a new two-year order plan."
The opinions put forward by Zhou Enlai not only took into account the actual situation of naval construction, but also obeyed the overall situation of national construction.
After the meeting, Zhou Enlai made a report on the views discussed this time to Chairman Mao, Liu Shaoqi, and other central leaders, which were quickly approved by the central authorities.
Xiao Jinguang (first from left) inspects naval construction
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="135" > accompanied Zhou Enlai's military parade at sea</h1>
On August 1, 1957, the thirtieth anniversary of the founding of our army, the Central Military Commission decided to conduct a naval parade in Qingdao, and Xiao Jinguang came to the naval base on the eve of the founding day to inspect the preparations for the maritime parade.
At that time, Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai came to Qingdao ahead of schedule for a meeting, and when Xiao Jinguang went to visit Chairman Mao, he briefly reported on the specific situation of the naval construction. Chairman Mao was very satisfied with the rapid development of the Navy in recent years, and he immediately said that he wanted to look at the Navy.
At this time in Qingdao, although it has reached the height of summer, but it is not hot, especially in the morning and evening, the sea breeze is blowing in bursts, Chairman Mao because he is not adapted to the climate here, he got cold while swimming, and as a result, he caught a cold.
Chairman Mao entrusted Zhou Enlai to inspect the naval ranks on his behalf, and the time was set for the morning of August 4. Xiao Jinguang made detailed arrangements on the same day and worked out a review plan with everyone.
Chairman Mao and Xiao Jinguang
On the morning of August 4, Xiao Jinguang got up extra early. After breakfast, he and the leaders of the various navies came to the dock one after another. At this time, the officer corps composed of Qingdao naval organs, schools, and troops had been neatly arranged on the docks.
After Xiao Jinguang learned about the general situation with Ma Zhongquan, commander of the Qingdao base, and learned that all the work was ready, he went to greet Zhou Enlai's arrival, and Xiao Jinguang reported to Zhou Enlai in detail on the procedures for reviewing.
After hearing this, Zhou Enlai said: "Just proceed according to your plan, but we must seize the time, and we will still speak at the afternoon meeting." ”
Xiao Jinguang sighed in his heart: "The premier is really a daily opportunity." ”
At 9 o'clock, Zhou Enlai was accompanied by Ulanfu, Luo Ruiqing, Han Xianchu, Chen Zaidao, and others to the Navy Pier. On the surface of Jiaozhou Bay, ships and submarines are neatly arranged, and all ships are full of flags. Its commanders and fighters stood in line to accept Zhou Enlai's review. Zhou Enlai stood on the review boat, and every time he passed in front of a ship, he extended festive greetings to the officers and men:
"Hello comrades!"
"Hello Prime Minister!" The voices of the officers and men resounded through the sea and the air.
Xiao Jinguang accompanied Zhou Enlai on a review of the Chinese Navy
After inspecting the commanders and fighters of the various ships on the sea, Zhou Enlai boarded the flagship of the review. Officers and men on the flagship flag lined up on the deck to greet them. Xiao Jinguang delivered a welcome speech to Zhou Enlai on behalf of the naval commanders and fighters, and Xiao Jinguang said passionately:
"Dear Premier Zhou, today we are in a solemn and pleasant mood to accept your review, and on behalf of all commanders and fighters, I extend my highest respect and warm welcome to the premier.
After the speech, Zhou Enlai began to speak to all the soldiers:
"The People's Liberation Army of Chinese has been established for 30 years, and in the past 30 years, the People's Liberation Army has experienced arduous struggles under the leadership of the Party, guaranteed the victory of china's democratic revolution and socialist revolution, and is now safeguarding the smooth development of the cause of socialist construction in our country."
Zhou Enlai was reviewing the navy
After Zhou Enlai's speech, the sea column began, and two seaplanes glided off from the right side of the flagship, swinging their wings to salute Zhou Enlai. Then, the submarine formation, the submarine hunting formation, the rapid gunboat formation, and the torpedo boat formation passed in turn, and the fighter group of the naval aviation unit and the formation of mine bombers crossed overhead, and Zhou Enlai nodded his head in praise with a smile.
Finally, a submarine show and an aviation parachute jump were performed. The naval parade, which lasted more than two hours, was successfully concluded.
Throughout the military parade, Zhou Enlai was always full of spirits and full of energy.
At this time, the vast number of officers and men on parade asked the premier to take a commemorative note for the Navy.
Zhou Enlai readily agreed, and wrote a few lines of vigorous and powerful characters with his unique "Zhou Body" stroke:
Chinese comrades of the People's Liberation Army Navy, celebrate the 30th anniversary of the founding of the People's Liberation Army, and celebrate the establishment and growth of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy! I hope you will continue to fight for a more powerful navy that can defend the Far East and world peace!
Finally, Zhou Enlai took a group photo with the officers and men on parade.
Xiao Jinguang inspected at the bottom
Xiao Jinguang had been treasured by the group photo he had taken with Zhou Enlai during the review, and had placed him in the most conspicuous place in the room. Since then, although the passage of time has worn away his memories of many past events, he has always remembered zhou Enlai's inspection of the navy, and even every detail is vividly remembered. Because the construction of the navy poured zhou Enlai's great painstaking efforts, Xiao Jinguang felt that all naval officers and men should always remember it.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="137" > Zhou Enlai's words before his death, helping Xiao Jinguang unshackle the invisible shackles</h1>
Xiao Jinguang did not have a smooth sailing in the process of building the navy, and during that special period, he undertook more pressure, thanks to the support of Chairman Mao, Zhou Enlai and other central leaders.
In 1966, the Party Central Committee held a military parade in Beijing, and Chairman Mao conducted a parade on the upper floor of Tiananmen Square, along with Xiao Jinguang, Su Zhenhua, Li Zuopeng and other naval leaders. Chairman Mao said in front of everyone: "The commander of the navy still needs Xiao Jinguang, who is the commander of the navy for life." ”
The scene of the military parade
On the evening of February 20, 1973, the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee convened a meeting in the Great Hall of the People, and leading comrades of the Central Military Commission and members of the Standing Committee of the Navy attended the meeting as observers to discuss the issue of expanding the construction of the Navy.
Before the meeting, Zhou Enlai said to Xiao Jinguang: "You must put the overall situation of the whole party first, the overall situation of the navy, and work well." ”
The whole meeting went very smoothly, and just as it was about to end, the issue of the election of the First Plenary Session of the Ninth Central Committee was mentioned. At this time, some people accused Xiao Jinguang of not voting for the people on Chairman Mao's revolutionary line.
Zhou Enlai suddenly turned sharply and said loudly: "The chairman does not advocate checking the votes."
Although Zhou Enlai's remarks were very light, the participants at the meeting all heard it, and the practice of some people checking the votes obviously did not conform to the party's organizational principles.
Zhou Enlai was negotiating with others
After the meeting, Zhou Enlai personally called to offer condolences, and he said kindly: "The body is the capital of the revolution, stay in the green mountains, not afraid of no firewood, there are some things we can talk about again... Zhou Enlai's words made Xiao Jinguang very moved.
On January 8, 1976, Zhou Enlai passed away, the people of the whole country fell into great grief, Xiao Jinguang learned of this news, his heart was extremely sad, he looked at the portrait of Zhou Enlai on the wall, tears always could not stop flowing down.
In October 1976, Hua Guofeng, Ye Jianying and other central leading comrades resolutely took measures to end the "ten years of catastrophe", the party and the country began to develop in a healthy direction, and the rehabilitation of old comrades was also in front of them.
In 1978, Xiao Jinguang suffered from a myocardial infarction and was in a critical condition, and when he woke up, he made a request to Ye Jianying, hoping to speed up his rehabilitation.
Zhou Enlai died
Ye Jianying gave instructions, and he suggested to Deng Xiaoping: "Comrade Xiao Jinguang is a very old comrade, and the questions he raised should be reconsidered to make correct conclusions." ”
At Ye Jianying's urging, the General Political Department began to investigate and deal with it, but due to the lack of sufficient evidence, the progress of rehabilitation work was very slow.
In November 1978, Xiao Jinguang suffered another myocardial infarction, and his condition became more serious, and Xiao Jinguang once again raised the issue of rehabilitation to the organization. Deng Xiaoping specifically went to the hospital to visit Xiao Jinguang, and he said to Xiao Jinguang: "Take good care of your illness, your problem will definitely be clear to you." ”
Immediately after that, Chen Yun began to ask about Xiao Jinguang's rehabilitation, and after the investigation, Chen Yun personally wrote to Deng Xiaoping, mentioning that at the Tenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1973, Zhou Enlai once said to Xiao Jinguang, "You have spent a great risk", which shows that Xiao Jinguang was victimized.
Xiao Jinguang in his later years
Xiao Jinguang himself did not expect that Zhou Enlai would actually help himself three years after his death, and it was precisely because of Zhou Enlai's words before his death that the problem of helping himself was fully solved.
Under the attention of Ye Jianying, Deng Xiaoping, Chen Yun and others, plus the words left by Zhou Enlai before his death, Xiao Jinguang's problem was completely rehabilitated.
At this time, Xiao Jinguang was not only grateful to the great party, but also to the beloved Zhou Enlai.