Panamanian clothing development and trade in the 19th century
Panama in the 19th century experienced a series of important changes and influences in the development of clothing and trade.
Panama's indigenous tribes, such as the Kna and Enlunda, have retained their own unique traditional clothing. Kna women are known for their famous Mulla embroidery skills, and their handmade clothing is known for its bright colors and intricate patterns.
Spanish colonists introduced European clothing styles and fashions in Panama. This includes Spanish-style dresses, shawls, and hats, among others. Spanish fashion had an impact on Panama's upper class and aristocracy.
Costumes of African slaves: With the arrival of African slaves, they brought their own clothing traditions to Panama. The costumes of African slaves often included brightly colored fabrics and ornaments that reflected African traditions and culture.
Trade Port: Panama became an important trading port in the 19th century, attracting merchants and ships from all over the world. With the development of trade, clothing and fabrics from different countries became trade commodities in Panama.
Introduction of foreign clothing: With the development of trade, Panama introduced fashion and clothing from Europe, the United States, and other countries. These foreign garments are sold in Panamanian markets, enriching the choices of locals.
Locally made clothing: In addition to introducing foreign clothing, Panama also has locally made clothing, and Panama straw hats are known for their unique weaving techniques and high-quality materials. These straw hats became Panamanian specialties and exports.
Symbols of social status: Panamanian society in the 19th century represented social status and identity through clothing. The aristocracy and upper classes usually wore expensive clothing, while the working class wore austere clothing.
Nobility and upper class: Panama's aristocracy and upper class usually showed their social status by wearing expensive, elaborate clothing.
They may wear high-quality fabrics such as silk, flannel, and delicate ornaments, which require expensive costs and exquisite craftsmanship. Their costumes may come with luxurious details, gorgeous cuts, and unique designs.
Working class: In contrast to the aristocracy, the working class usually wore simple, functional clothing. Their clothing may be made of affordable fabrics such as cotton, linen, or coarse fabrics. Such garments often focus on practicality and durability to suit the labor work they are engaged in.
Colors and patterns: Colors and patterns also play an important role in Panama's social status symbols. Certain colors and motifs may be associated with specific social status, and the Mugla embroidered clothing of the Quena, an indigenous tribe of Panama, demonstrates the craftsmanship and social status of the maker through the complexity of the color, pattern and embroidery.
Clothing accessories: In addition to the clothing itself, accessories are also part of the social status symbol. The aristocracy and upper class may wear expensive jewelry, headdresses, and ornaments such as gold necklaces, gemstone ornaments, and ornate hats. These accessories highlight not only wealth, but also their social status and identity.
Dress for social occasions: On special social occasions, such as celebrations, banquets or weddings, people may wear more solemn and ornate clothing. These garments often have more ornamentation and fine details to highlight the importance and social status of special occasions.
Costume making and customization: In Panama in the 19th century, the making and customization of clothing was an important craft and industry. The aristocracy and upper class may seek bespoke clothing to ensure it is distinctive and unique. This bespoke garment production requires great skill and attention to detail, further accentuating the symbol of social status.
Panama in the 19th century was influenced by several factors in terms of clothing development and trade. Aboriginal traditional clothing, Spanish colonial influences, African slave clothing, and foreign clothing brought by the trade have combined to shape Panama's clothing culture. The development of trade has also contributed to Panama becoming a diverse and prosperous trade center.
bibliography
Costumes Among the Guna of Panama: Historical and Modern Influences
"Clothing and Material Culture in a Pluralistic Society"
Clothing Patterns in Central and Central America: A Study of Pre-Columbian and Colonial Periods
Clothing and History in the Ecuadorian Highlands
The Central American Way: Clothing and Identity at the Center of the Americas
Textiles and Identity in Mesoamerica: A Cultural History
Clothing and Fashion: American Fashion from Head to Toe
