Viceroyalty of New Granada (1717-1821)
New Granada (Spanish: Virreinato de la Nueva Granada) was the name of the Spanish colony in northern South America from 1717, and its territory corresponds to present-day Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela. The independence movement in South America in the 19th century put an end to this colonial government. In addition to the South American continent, the colonial government had authority over local governments in Ecuador, Guyana, Panama, Trinidad and Tobago and Venezuela. In addition to this, parts of present-day Brazil and Peru also fell under the administration of New Granada.
Gran Colombia, Federal State of Panama (1858-1863)
Isthmus of Panama, Republic of Gran Colombia (1863-1886)
Republic of Panama (1904-1925)
Panama's independence from Colombia was formally implemented on November 3, 1903, and the Republic of Panama was established. After Panama seceded from Spain in 1821, it was incorporated into the Confederation of Gran Colombia through the Panamanian Independence Act. Panama's connection with the rest of the south of the country has been fragile due to its distance from the Bogotá government and the absence of actual land transportation to and from the rest of Gran Colombia. In 1840-41, Tomás de Herrera established a short-lived independent republic. Panama, which was annexed to Colombia after only 13 months of independence, has been a province of frequent rebellions, notably the Panama crisis of 1885, which led to the intervention of the U.S. Navy. In 1903, with the assistance of the French financier Philippe-Jean Bunau-Varilla, Panama declared independence from Colombia and signed a treaty with the United States authorizing the construction of the canal.
Republic of Panama (1925-1941)
Republic of Panama (1941-1946)
Republic of Panama (1946-2006)
Republic of Panama (2006-2014)
The national emblem of Panama was inaugurated in 1904, and after many detailed modifications, the current national emblem was inaugurated in 2014 as a coat of arms, which is divided into five parts. In the upper left corner are swords and rifles, and in the upper right corner are shovels and pickaxes. The central motif represents Panama's strategic location connecting North and South America, facing the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. The lower left is the Horn of Abundance, and the lower right is the flywheel that represents progress. Above the shield is a horned eagle (the national bird), and on the ribbon in its beak is the national motto, Latin "for the good of the world". There are nine golden five-pointed stars above the eagle, representing the 10 local provinces. It is decorated with four national flags on both sides.