Although the vampires in the Twilight series, have loyal fans. But real-life "vampires" are not welcome, they are mostly spreaders of disease, and being bitten is often creepy. Summer has arrived, and when we take off the clothes that protect our skin, it's time to get to know these "vampires".
Twilight
mosquito
mosquito
Mosquitoes are creatures that are all too familiar to most people. What is less well known, however, is that only female mosquitoes suck human blood because it is necessary for laying eggs, and they need protein in their blood for nutrients.
Mosquitoes are usually annoying, especially after turning off the lights at night, the buzzing sound does not know how many people slap themselves in the face, the itchy bumps left by mosquitoes are the reaction of the human immune system to their saliva, but mosquitoes can also transmit many serious diseases, including yellow fever, malaria, filariasis and dengue, which is why mosquitoes are considered one of the deadliest animals in the world.
flea
After the fleas are enlarged
Fleas are common external parasites in dogs and cats. Adult fleas are voracious vampires that consume up to 15 times their body weight per day. With the ability to jump vertically of about 15 cm, these fleas can easily hitchhike on stray dogs, cats or wild animals (especially possums and raccoons) passing by, and even in places such as human shoes and trouser legs. But fleas rarely jump directly from one animal to another, and it can be said that they are more specific. Within minutes of arriving on the "boat", the fleas begin to forage. The digested blood is excreted as feces, showing black, pepper-like spots on the pet's fur. Mating and subsequent laying of eggs occur within 24 hours, and all eggs (40-50 per day) are laid in the host's fur, which they feed on the host's blood.
Fleas are often vectors of viruses, bacteria, and rickettsial viruses, as well as helminth parasites. They carry bacterial diseases including rodent or endemic typhus and bubonic plague.
Fleas may bite, but they are unlikely to parasitize humans for a long time.
Ticks
Blood-sucking ticks
Ticks locate potential hosts by sensing odors, body temperature, humidity, or vibrations in the environment, and ticks are widely distributed around the world. They tend to thrive more in warm, humid climates because they need a certain amount of moisture in the air to reproduce, as low temperatures inhibit their eggs from developing into larvae.
The incidence of tick-borne diseases in humans is increasing. Mainly due to the parasitic host of ticks, it is widely distributed in various groups, including marsupial and placental mammals, birds, reptiles (snakes, iguanas and lizards) and amphibians.
Virtually all tick-borne diseases cause fever, headaches, fatigue, muscle aches, and in severe cases, cranial nerve sequelae and even life-threatening.
Vampire
Vampire
This unusual bird, a subspecies of the sharp-billed ground finch, lives in Darwin and the Wolf Islands, and has some significant differences in behavior from other sharp-billed ground finches, is this bird, named for its unusual diet. It is said that this practice evolved from vampire finches picking parasites from' feathers, and finches have inevitably pecked at blood when removing insects from throughout the ages. And the removal of parasites is good for both finches and. The finches get a nutritious meal, and the get rid of pests in their feathers. But slowly when they discovered that blood was tastier better than parasites, they evolved this unique behavior to supplement their diet.
This bird is sexually dimorphic. Males are black, while females are gray with brown stripes. To adapt to its unique lifestyle, vampires evolved the largest and most pointed beak of all the sharp-billed ground finch subspecies.
leech
Leeches = leeches
The leech is a link animal, also known as a "leech". Although it appears to be related to earthworms, the two are unrelated.
Leeches are segmented worms of the suborder Leeches, usually parasitic in vitro organisms. They belong to the leech family. Leeches are usually dorsoventrally (front to back) flattened or segmented, and most can vary greatly in shape between elongated and contracted states and between hungry and full states.
The body tapers towards the head, with a small mouth suction cup around the mouth and a larger tail suction cup at the rear end.
Leeches usually have three jaws and form a Y-shaped cut. The Australian land leech, on the other hand, has only two jaws and has a V-shaped cutout. Most leeches are freshwater animals, but there are also many terrestrial and marine species. Freshwater leeches prefer to live in still or slow-moving water.
Most leeches are blood-eating, that is, they forage on their hosts in the form of blood-sucking parasites. After leech bites, due to the presence of hirudin in the wound, it may cause blood to leak for several hours, fortunately, in general, the amount of blood loss is not large, and delayed irritation and itching may also occur after the bite.
Leeches can spread trypanosomas that infect fish, crocodiles and even platypus, but fortunately they do not pose a danger to humans.
Leeches are now also a Chinese medicinal herb.
Lamprey
Lamprey
Of all the most primitive species of vertebrates, the lamprey is a parasitic fish native to the northern and western Atlantic Ocean, also known as the "octopus eel"
Although the name has the word "eel", it is not related to fish, and lampreys have no scales, fins and operculums. Like sharks, their bones are made of cartilage, and they breathe through a unique row of seven pairs of tiny gill holes located behind their mouths and eyes.
What makes the lamprey a "killer" of other teleost fish is its disc-shaped suction cup mouth, surrounded by sharp teeth, which it can use to bite unlucky fish. The lamprey then scrapes off the flesh of the fish with its rough tongue so that it can suck the host's blood and body fluids.
One lamprey kills about 20 kg of fish per year.
Vampire bats
Common vampire bats
There are three types of blood-eating bats, which are common vampire bats, white-winged vampire bats, and hairy-legged vampire bats. Common vampire bats thrive in agricultural areas, feeding on livestock such as cattle, pigs and chickens. The other two species live mainly in intact forests, where they feed on birds, reptiles, and other forest animals.
Common vampire bats do not have tails and are considered medium-sized, measuring 7-9 cm in length. Since bats ingest a lot of blood, body weight is variable. For example, a 57-gram bat specimen can double its weight after a single feeding. Its fur is short and varies in color from brown to reddish-orange; Its wings are long and pointed; The first section of the thumb is particularly long, allowing it to jump and crawl on the ground in an unusually agile but frog-like manner. The average vampire bat is the only one capable of taking off from the ground, jumping into the air with its long thumb a meter or more before takeoff.
In general, vampire bats don't bite unless you give it the chance, after all, bats are inherently timid animals.
Among the above "vampires", mosquitoes, fleas, leeches, ticks are relatively common in our daily life, but I think the most called "vampire" is still mosquitoes, after all, this thing is unpreventable, and the number is huge, what do you think?
The above content is collected and sorted out by "unreliable science", if there is any error, please point it out.
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