Earthworms are soil fertility converters, organisms that symbolize the quality of the soil, and the absence of earthworms in the farmland means that the soil has gone wrong!
Earthworms breathe with moist body walls, breathing oxygen in the air, after heavy rain, flooding, rainwater squeezes out oxygen in the crevices of the soil,
The oxygen in the soil decreases, and the earthworms cannot breathe in the soil, and in order to breathe, the earthworms burrow out of the ground.
Earthworms drill holes in the soil, which can loosen the soil, increase the oxygen in the soil, and facilitate the respiration and growth of the root system.
The manure of earthworms is rich in inorganic salts such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which can increase soil organic matter and change the soil structure, and can also promote acidic or alkaline soils to become neutral soils, increase phosphorus and other fast-acting components, and make the soil suitable for crop growth. So if the earthworms in the farmland disappear, the growth of the crop will be affected. Because earthworms can loosen the soil, increase soil fertility and change the soil structure.
<h1>Why can't earthworms be seen in the ground? </h1>
Since the 1950s, crop fertilization has mainly relied on chemical fertilizers. Due to our long-term focus on increasing the yield per unit area of crops, a large number of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and pesticides, resulting in deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, soil fertility decline, accelerated topsoil erosion, soil crusts, chemical characteristics deterioration (soil acidification, soil salinization, soil compaction, soil fertility loss, etc.) so that the living environment of soil earthworms is destroyed, resulting in the reduction or extinction of earthworms, the reduction of earthworms can represent shallower soil organisms and reduced soil quality!
<h1>Recall the earthworm, the soil can not do without it! </h1>
<h1>The roles of earthworms in ecosystems are: consumer, decomposer and regulator. </h1>
Earthworms can crush, break down and mix organic matter. The feeding activities of earthworms enhance biological processes in the decomposition of plant debris, and the hydrolyzed nitrogen-rich earthworm manure accelerates the mineralization process of the surrounding litter.
Earthworm activity can change the spatial distribution of soil organic matter, make soil organic matter appear patchy, and can mix organic matter with mineral soil to form soil particles rich in organic matter, provide physical protection for organic matter, and then slow down the turnover of organic matter.
Earthworms can increase the levels of available nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil. Earthworm activity increases the concentration of soil mineralized nitrogen because earthworms consume a large number of soil microorganisms, accelerating the mineralization and turnover of microbial tissues.
The burrowing behavior and feeding preference of earthworms are closely related to the characteristics of soil organophosphorus sources, and the activity of earthworms facilitates the downward movement of phosphorus, improves the distribution of phosphorus plaques in the soil, and significantly changes the state of phosphorus in "hot spots" such as earthworm manure or caves, such as soluble, organophosphorus library, alkaline phosphatase activity, etc.
<h1>Effects on the physicochemical properties of soils</h1>
Earthworms have important effects on soil structure, agglomeration formation, and the physical conditions required for plant growth and nutrient uptake. Earthworms mainly affect soil structure through their excreta and pores, which can promote the process of soil agglomeration, so that air and water can easily reach the roots of plants.
Earthworm activity can also affect soil regulators such as soil pH, redox status, and soil temperature. If the pH of earthworm excrement is significantly higher than that of the surrounding soil, it can play a certain regulatory role.
Nematodes in the soil
<h1>Effects on plants, microorganisms and other animals</h1>
Effects on plants: Earthworms have an important impact on the available nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil, can promote plant growth, and may also cause changes in chemicals in plants, which in turn affect the interaction of plants with other organisms. It has obvious effects on the dispersion and burial of plant seeds, as well as the recovery and spatial distribution of plant seedlings.
Effects on microorganisms: The total number of microorganisms decreases in soils with earthworm action, while the amount of nutrients available increases. And after passing through the earthworm intestine, although the total number of microorganisms decreases, the biomass of active microorganisms increases.
Effects on other soil organisms: The activity of earthworms is also often beneficial to the survival of other soil animals, such as its ability to affect the abundance and diversity of jumping insects in a variety of ways. Earthworms can change the structure of nematodes communities indirectly through a number of pathways, such as directly feeding on nematodes in soil and litter, or indirectly by vermicules. There are almost no plant parasitic nematodes in earthworm feces, but the proportion of bacterial nematodes is significantly higher.
In addition: earthworm manure contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. 4%, 1%, 1%, containing humic acid 46%, containing 23 kinds of amino acids, rich in earthworm protease, 105× 8 beneficial microorganisms per gram of earthworm manure (only 105-106 in aging soil), and has the characteristics of uniform particles, breathable water retention, odorless hygiene, long-lasting fertilizer and so on. 85% of the water-containing earthworm manure is basked in the heat for 15 days, and the moisture content at a depth of 20 cm still reaches 45%, which greatly enhances the drought resistance of the soil. The earthworm enzyme in earthworm feces can also kill viruses, harmful bacteria and substances that inhibit plant growth in the soil. Earthworm manure is an ideal natural bio fertilizer. In addition, earthworms can also degrade and evacuate pollutants from the soil.
<h1>About the good of earthworms we summarize about 6 points! </h1>
(1) Improve soil structure. Earthworm activity can improve soil structure, enhance soil water retention and air permeability, and protect and maintain soil organic matter.
(2) Decompose soil organic matter and improve the efficiency of soil nutrient conversion. Earthworms can decompose and break the soil crude organic matter, so that the organic matter is more easily decomposed by microorganisms, and the speed of soil nutrient circulation is improved.
(3) Improve soil quick-availability nutrients. Earthworm activity can improve the effectiveness of soil nutrients and nutrient turnover, and earthworm activity can significantly promote the mineralization of soil nitrogen and improve the content of available nitrogen in soil.
(4) It has a promoting effect on plant growth. Earthworm activity promotes root growth, plant development and crop yields. At the same time, it can also promote the dispersion of plant beneficial bacteria and can change their colony structure, inhibit the number and activity of plant pests, parasites, and pathogenic bacteria.
(5) Effects on soil microbial communities. Earthworms and earthworm manure provide a very suitable micro-ecological environment for the growth of microorganisms, micro-soil animals and the elongation and growth of plant roots.
(6) Effect on soil enzyme activity. The fast-acting nutrients in worm fecals promote microbial growth, which secrete a variety of degrading enzymes. The good structure of the worm manure provides a suitable space for enzymatic reactions. The intestinal digestive process of earthworms can also promote the increase of enzyme activity.
▲ In summary, there are no earthworms in the soil, and the consequences can be imagined.
<h1>In short: earthworms have a great deal to do in agriculture. The reduction of earthworms is not a trivial matter! </h1>
The emergence of chemical fertilizers and pesticides has doubled the yield of crops and made great contributions to solving the problem of food and clothing. However, its side effects are becoming more and more obvious, which is why the melon is not fragrant, the fruit is not sweet, and the dish is tasteless! Therefore, we really need to let the earthworms return to the field and return the soil to a good era!