On April 15th, on the first day of the 28th National Cancer Prevention and Control Publicity Week and the Early Screening Day of Cancer in China, the live science popularization of "The Truth of Cancer Prevention" jointly organized by the People's Daily Health Client, the Colorectal Cancer Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, the Science Popularization Professional Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association, and Nuohui Health was officially launched.
On April 15, 2021, the People's Daily Health Client, Health Times and the Colorectal Cancer Professional Committee of the China Anti-Cancer Association jointly launched the first "China Cancer Early Screening Day", calling on multiple parties to work together to promote the full implementation of cancer early screening.
A good immune system helps to recognize and clear cancer cells early
"We not only pay attention to the sick population, but also pay attention to the healthy group, so that more people do not suffer from tumors, less tumors", at this cancer prevention and control publicity week, Zhan Qimin, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and president of the International Institute of Cancer of Peking University, called for more attention to scientific cancer prevention and let the threshold move forward.
Zhan Qimin, Dean of the International Institute for Research at Peking University
It has been argued that the onset of cancer is a change in the genome, and that a good human immune system has the ability to recognize and clear cancer cells early. Zhan Qimin said that there is some truth to this statement.
Our body does not live in a vacuum, it interacts with many carcinogenic factors every day and all the time, which may lead to the instability of our body's cell DNA, leading to cell transformation and cancer. "In this process, everyone does not have to worry", Zhan Qimin said, in the process of human evolution, we have formed a powerful immune monitoring system, so if there are individual cancer cells that appear occasionally, they will soon be cleared by our strong immune system.
Therefore, why we have repeatedly emphasized the need to maintain a good psychological state, as well as a reasonable diet and rest.
These help maintain a stable state in our bodies, including our neuroendocrine immune system in a particularly optimal state, which can recognize cancer cells at a relatively early stage and clear them out.
Zhan Qimin stressed that the production of individual cancer cells does not have to worry, and a good immune system can help us build a defense system.
Why is cancer detected every year after the medical examination is normal?
Why do you do physical examinations in the unit every year, and many people are still in the middle and advanced stages when they are diagnosed with cancer?
Zhang Kai, deputy director of the Cancer Prevention Department of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said that the analysis shows that problems such as physical examination methods and the experience of the physical examiner have caused the occurrence of middle and advanced tumors in the annual physical examination.
For example, the means of the problem, these people take conventional measures every year for physical examination, such as chest x-ray, but chest x-ray is difficult to detect early lung cancer, and early malignancy can be found to save lives.
Zhang Kai, deputy director of the Department of Cancer Prevention, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Therefore, we should emphasize the prevention of cancer physical examination.
Zhang Kai introduced that the concept of anti-cancer physical examination is to carry out accurate and effective medical examination for the purpose of early detection of cancer in asymptomatic healthy high-risk groups, and at the same time we search for precancerous diseases such as precancerous lesions and manage it.
Zhang Kai shared a typical case of personal experience. Many years ago, a friend entered the physical examination and found anemia, so he planned to go to the hematology department for further examination, when Zhang Kai, who was a friend and a doctor, suggested that he do a gastrointestinal endoscopy for the first time to see if there was a gastrointestinal tumor, this friend said that he did not feel anything, it should not be a big problem, it was anemia.
Under the persuasion of Zhang Kai, this friend still went to go for gastrointestinal endoscopy, and it turned out that it was colorectal cancer, and radical treatment was carried out, and the body gradually recovered.
Middle-aged adult men have unexplained asymptomatic anemia, most likely it is not a blood disease, nor will it be nutritional deficiency, because now the standard of living is improving, and three meals a day are nutritious enough. So don't take down every seemingly small signal your body sends.
Early detection and early treatment can obtain better results.
At present, the six major tumors of lung cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, esophageal cancer and colorectal cancer, including cervical cancer and genitourinary system tumors, most of them have exact treatment methods and appropriate technologies.
Nine adult acquired factors cause cancer
Tumors are common diseases under the combined action of internal and external factors. In 2020, there were 4.57 million new tumor patients in mainland China, and familial hereditary tumors accounted for 5%-10%. Tian Yantao, chairman of the Cancer Prevention and Treatment Science Popularization Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and director of the Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery Ward of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, pointed out that if there is a family history, the probability of suffering from tumors will be higher, and most people, that is, more than 90% of patients, are caused by "external factors" such as eating habits, emotional management, etc.
Tian Yantao, director of the Pancreatic and Gastrointestinal Surgery Ward of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Among the "external causes", Helicobacter pylori is an important cause of gastric cancer, which exists in the gastric juice, saliva and feces of infected people, and can be transmitted through hands, unclean food, unclean tableware, water sources and other ways, "through the mouth" is the most important way and way of transmission.
If you find whether there is Helicobacter pylori infection, you need to perform a test, such as a carbon 13 test, after blowing air in the hospital, the results will come out in a moment, and you can immediately determine whether HP is negative or positive. Now there are more convenient kits to use at home, through the detection of stool, see if the HP antibody is positive, if it is positive, further medical treatment.
After HP infection treatment, but also pay attention to meal sharing, the use of male chopsticks, everyone is best to use their own fixed tableware, otherwise Helicobacter pylori can strike again, it is possible to be HP positive again. In addition, the cleaning, disinfection and mildew prevention of chopsticks are also very important, and it is recommended to replace them every three months.
Good cancer screening meets 3 conditions
At the event, experts also discussed the accuracy of early cancer screening that the public is concerned about.
Zhu Yeqing, director of the China Cancer Foundation and CEO of Nuohui Health, introduced that early cancer screening is when cancer is still in the "dinosaur egg stage", we look very healthy and asymptomatic people from the surface through screening, like a needle in a haystack to find cancer or precancerous lesions of patients, to avoid cancer to the next stage. For screening, we must first ensure that the screening of people who think there is no problem is as good as possible, that is, the discharge of the vagina can not miss the test.
The difference between screening, diagnosis and auxiliary diagnosis is that the most important thing for screening is to be able to independently determine its negativeness, while diagnosis is to independently judge its positive. Although the auxiliary diagnosis cannot independently determine the negative or positive, it can provide an auxiliary reference for the doctor's diagnosis.
Zhu Yeqing said that good cancer screening should meet three conditions, clear clinical guidance significance, simple diagnosis methods and feasible clinical intervention methods. On this basis, it is also very important to use it in a convenient way for users to be willing to use.
Wang Xishan, director of the Department of Colorectal Surgery at the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
Wang Xishan, chairman of the Colorectal Cancer Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and director of the Colorectal Surgery Department of the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, said that from the diagnosis point of view, the public expects a drop of blood, a drop of urine, a breath or a gram to be diagnosed, which is a relatively one-sided view, although this is the direction of our efforts, but it is not yet possible to achieve.
Cancer detection methods are endoscopy, capsule endoscopy, CT, ultrasound, MRI, PET-CT, etc., they have their own characteristics, but can not say that a detection method can solve all problems, one trick to get a tumor. The doctor will provide the best or most appropriate diagnosis according to the patient's actual situation.
[Reporter] Li Jie
【Author】 Li Jie
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